Kunshin IC ya dogara PCB don watsawar zafi. Gabaɗaya, PCB ita ce babbar hanyar sanyaya don manyan na’urorin semiconductor. Kyakkyawan ƙirar ƙirar zafi na PCB yana da babban tasiri, yana iya sa tsarin yayi aiki da kyau, amma kuma yana iya binne ɓoyayyen haɗarin haɗarin zafi. Kulawa da kyau na shimfidar PCB, tsarin jirgi, da dutsen na’ura na iya taimakawa haɓaka aikin watsa zafi don aikace-aikacen matsakaici-da ƙarfi.

Masu kera Semiconductor suna da wahalar sarrafa tsarin da ke amfani da na’urorin su. Koyaya, tsarin da aka shigar da IC yana da mahimmanci ga aikin na’urar gaba ɗaya. Don na’urorin IC na al’ada, mai ƙirar tsarin yawanci yana aiki tare tare da mai ƙira don tabbatar da cewa tsarin ya cika buƙatun watsawar zafi na na’urori masu ƙarfi. Wannan haɗin gwiwar da wuri yana tabbatar da cewa IC ta cika ƙa’idodin lantarki da aiki, yayin tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki a cikin tsarin sanyaya abokin ciniki. Yawancin manyan kamfanonin semiconductor suna siyar da na’urori azaman daidaitattun abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, kuma babu wata hulɗa tsakanin masana’anta da aikace -aikacen ƙarshe. In this case, we can only use some general guidelines to help achieve a good passive heat dissipation solution for IC and system.

Nau’in fakitin semiconductor na kowa shine kushin mayafi ko fakitin PowerPADTM. A cikin waɗannan fakitoci, an ɗora guntun a kan faranti na ƙarfe da ake kira guntu. Wannan nau’in guntun guntun yana goyan bayan guntu yayin aiwatar da sarrafa guntu, kuma kuma hanya ce mai kyau ta zafi don ɓarkewar zafi na na’urar. Lokacin da aka ɗora kwandon baƙar fata da aka haɗa zuwa PCB, zafi yana fita da sauri daga kunshin kuma cikin PCB. Daga nan za a watsa zafi ta cikin yadudduka na PCB cikin iskar da ke kewaye. Fakitoci na Bare pad yawanci suna canja wurin kusan kashi 80% na zafi zuwa cikin PCB ta kasan fakitin. Ragowar kashi 20% na zafi ana fitarwa ta hanyar wayoyin na’urar da bangarori daban -daban na kunshin. Kasa da 1% na zafi yana tserewa ta saman fakitin. Dangane da waɗannan fakiti-mayafi, ƙirar watsawar zafi mai kyau na PCB yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da wasu ayyukan na’urar.

Sashin farko na ƙirar PCB wanda ke inganta aikin zafi shine ƙirar na’urar PCB. A duk lokacin da ya yiwu, yakamata a raba manyan abubuwan da ke cikin PCB daga juna. Wannan tazara ta zahiri tsakanin manyan abubuwan haɗin wuta yana haɓaka yankin PCB a kusa da kowane babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki, wanda ke taimakawa cimma ingantaccen canja wurin zafi. Yakamata a kula don rarrabe abubuwan da ke da zafin zafin jiki daga manyan abubuwan haɗin wuta akan PCB. Duk inda zai yiwu, abubuwan haɗin ƙarfi yakamata a kasance nesa da kusurwoyin PCB. Matsayin PCB mafi tsaka-tsaki yana haɓaka yankin katako kusa da manyan abubuwan da ke da ƙarfi, ta haka yana taimakawa wajen watsa zafi. Figure 2 shows two identical semiconductor devices: components A and B. Bangaren A, wanda yake a kusurwar PCB, yana da zafin haɗin guntu na guntu 5% sama da ɓangaren B, wanda aka sanya shi a tsakiya. Karkacewar zafi a kusurwar ɓangaren A yana iyakance ta ƙaramin yankin panel kusa da ɓangaren da ake amfani da shi don watsawar zafi.

Fuska ta biyu shine tsarin PCB, wanda ke da tasiri mafi mahimmanci akan aikin zafi na ƙirar PCB. A matsayinka na yau da kullun, gwargwadon jan ƙarfe da PCB ke da shi, mafi girman aikin zafi na abubuwan tsarin. Mafi kyawun yanayin ɓarkewar zafi don na’urorin semiconductor shine cewa an ɗora guntu akan babban toshe na jan ƙarfe mai sanyaya ruwa. Wannan ba shi da amfani ga yawancin aikace -aikacen, don haka dole ne mu yi wasu canje -canje ga PCB don haɓaka watsawar zafi. Don yawancin aikace -aikace a yau, jimlar girman tsarin yana raguwa, yana cutar da aikin watsa zafi sosai. PCBS mafi girma suna da ƙarin faffadan farfajiya waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don canja wurin zafi, amma kuma suna da ƙarin sassaucin ra’ayi don barin isasshen sarari tsakanin manyan abubuwan ƙarfi.

Duk lokacin da zai yiwu, haɓaka lamba da kauri na yadudduka tagulla na PCB. Nauyin jan ƙarfe na ƙasa gabaɗaya babba ne, wanda shine kyakkyawar hanyar zafi don duka watsawar zafin PCB. Tsarin waya na yadudduka yana ƙara yawan takamaiman ƙarfin jan ƙarfe da ake amfani da shi don gudanar da zafi. Koyaya, wannan wayoyin galibi ana rufe shi da wutar lantarki, yana iyakance amfani da shi azaman matattarar zafi. Yakamata a haɗa na’urar da ke ƙasa ta hanyar lantarki kamar yadda zai yiwu zuwa yadudduka da yawa na ƙasa don taimakawa haɓaka haɓaka zafi. Ramin watsawar zafi a cikin PCB da ke ƙasa da na’urar semiconductor yana taimakawa zafi ya shiga yadudduka na PCB kuma ya canza zuwa bayan jirgin.

Layi na sama da ƙasa na PCB sune “manyan wurare” don ingantaccen aikin sanyaya. Yin amfani da wayoyi masu fadi da juyawa daga na’urori masu ƙarfi na iya samar da hanyar zafi don watsawar zafi. Kwamitin gudanar da zafi na musamman hanya ce mai kyau don watsawar zafi na PCB. Farantin mai ɗorewa yana saman ko bayan PCB kuma ana haɗa shi da zafi ta na’urar ta hanyar haɗin jan ƙarfe kai tsaye ko rami mai zafi. Dangane da fakitin inline (kawai tare da jagora a ɓangarorin biyu na fakitin), farantin jagorar zafi yana iya kasancewa a saman PCB, mai siffa kamar “ƙashin kare” (tsakiyar yana kunkuntar kamar kunshin, jan ƙarfe daga fakitin yana da babban yanki, ƙarami a tsakiya kuma babba a ƙarshen duka). Game da fakitin gefe guda huɗu (tare da jagora a duk ɓangarorin huɗu), farantin jagorar zafi ya kasance a bayan PCB ko cikin PCB.

Ƙara girman farantin madubin zafi hanya ce mai kyau don haɓaka aikin zafi na fakitin PowerPAD. Girman daban -daban na farantin madubin zafi yana da babban tasiri akan aikin zafi. A tabular product data sheet typically lists these dimensions. Amma ƙididdige tasirin ƙara jan ƙarfe akan PCBS na al’ada yana da wahala. Tare da masu ƙididdige kan layi, masu amfani za su iya zaɓar na’urar da canza girman farantin tagulla don kimanta tasirin sa akan aikin zafi na wanda ba JEDEC PCB ba. Waɗannan kayan aikin lissafin suna nuna girman abin da ƙirar PCB ke shafar aikin watsa zafi. Don fakitoci na gefe guda huɗu, inda yankin saman kushin ya yi ƙasa da yankin kushin da ba a iya amfani da shi na na’urar, sakawa ko jakar baya ita ce hanya ta farko don samun ingantaccen sanyaya. Don fakitin layi biyu, za mu iya amfani da salon kushin “kare kashi” don watsa zafi.

A ƙarshe, ana iya amfani da tsarin tare da PCBS mafi girma don sanyaya. Sukurori da aka yi amfani da su don hawa PCB suma suna iya samar da ingantaccen yanayin zafi zuwa tushe na tsarin lokacin da aka haɗa shi da farantin zafi da ƙasa. Idan aka yi la’akari da yadda ake sarrafa ɗumbin zafi da farashi, yakamata a ƙara yawan sukurori zuwa ga rage dawowar. Ƙarfin PCB na ƙarfe yana da ƙarin yankin sanyaya bayan an haɗa shi da farantin zafi. Don wasu aikace -aikace inda gidan PCB yana da harsashi, kayan facin TYPE B yana da aikin zafi mafi girma fiye da harsashi mai sanyaya iska. Hakanan ana amfani da hanyoyin sanyaya, kamar magoya baya da fikafikan don sanyaya tsarin, amma galibi suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari ko buƙatar gyare -gyaren ƙira don inganta sanyaya.

Don tsara tsarin tare da babban aikin zafi, bai isa ba don zaɓar na’urar IC mai kyau da rufaffiyar mafita. Tsarin aikin sanyaya IC ya dogara da PCB da ƙarfin tsarin sanyaya don ba da damar na’urorin IC su yi sanyi da sauri. Hanyar kwantar da hankula da aka ambata a sama na iya inganta aikin watsawar zafi na tsarin.