tooj liab sulfate electroplating occupies ib qho tseem ceeb heev txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv PCB electroplating. Qhov zoo ntawm cov kua qaub tooj liab electroplating ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm electroplated tooj liab txheej ntawm PCB pawg thawj coj saib, thiab muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas tswj cov kua qaub tooj liab electroplating Qhov zoo ntawm PCB yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm PCB electroplating, thiab nws kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem nyuaj rau ntau lub tuam txhab loj los tswj cov txheej txheem. Raws li kev paub ntau xyoo hauv electroplating thiab kev pabcuam, tus sau pib sau cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no, vam tias yuav txhawb kev lag luam electroplating hauv PCB kev lag luam.Cov teeb meem hauv cov kua qaub tooj liab electroplating feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

1. Rough plating; 2. Plating (board nto) tooj liab hais; 3. Electroplating qhov chaw; 4. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm yog dawb los yog xim tsis sib xws.

Hauv kev teb rau cov teeb meem saum toj no, qee qhov kev txiav txim siab tau ua, thiab qee qhov kev tshuaj xyuas luv luv thiab kev tiv thaiv tau ua tiav.

Rough electroplating: Feem ntau lub kaum sab xis yog ntxhib, feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm electroplating tam sim no loj heev. Koj tuaj yeem txo qhov tam sim no thiab tshawb xyuas cov zaub tam sim no nrog daim npav ntsuas qhov txawv txav; tag nrho lub rooj tsavxwm yog ntxhib, feem ntau tsis yog, tab sis tus sau tau ntsib nws ib zaug hauv cov neeg siv khoom qhov chaw. Tom qab ntawd nws tau pom tias qhov kub ntawm lub caij ntuj no qis thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm brightener tsis txaus; thiab qee zaum qee qhov rov ua dua tshiab faded boards tsis tau kho kom huv, thiab cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim.

Plating tooj liab hais rau ntawm lub board nto: muaj ntau yam uas ua rau zus tau tej cov tooj liab hais rau ntawm lub board nto. Los ntawm cov tooj liab tog mus rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv, nws muaj peev xwm electroplating tooj liab ntawm PCB board nws tus kheej.

Copper particles ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nto tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem tooj liab immersion tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm txhua kauj ruam kev kho tooj liab. Alkaline degreasing yuav tsis tsuas yog ua rau roughness nyob rau hauv lub board nto tab sis kuj roughness nyob rau hauv lub qhov thaum cov dej hardness yog siab thiab drilling plua plav yog ntau heev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub ob-sided board tsis de-smeared). Cov roughness sab hauv thiab me ntsis qhov chaw zoo li av ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm; Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm micro-etching: qhov zoo ntawm micro-etching tus neeg sawv cev hydrogen peroxide los yog sulfuric acid tsis zoo, los yog ammonium persulfate (sodium) muaj ntau impurities, feem ntau yog pom zoo tias nws yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog CP. qib. Ntxiv nrog rau qib kev lag luam, lwm yam kev ua tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim; Cov ntsiab lus tooj liab ntau dhau hauv micro-etching da dej lossis qhov kub thiab txias yuav ua rau qeeb nag lossis daus ntawm tooj liab sulfate crystals; thiab cov kua da dej yog turbid thiab polluted.

Feem ntau ntawm kev ua kom muaj kuab paug yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua qias tuaj lossis kev saib xyuas tsis raug. Piv txwv li, lub twj tso kua mis lim dej, cov dej da dej muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tsis tshua muaj siab, thiab cov ntsiab lus tooj liab siab dhau (lub tank ua kom siv tau ntev dhau lawm, ntau dua 3 xyoos), uas yuav tsim cov teeb meem cuam tshuam rau hauv da dej. . Los yog impurity colloid, adsorbed ntawm lub phaj nto los yog lub qhov phab ntsa, lub sij hawm no yuav tau nrog cov roughness nyob rau hauv lub qhov. Dissolving los yog ua kom nrawm: cov tshuaj da dej ntev dhau los ua kom pom tsis zoo, vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj yaj yeeb tau npaj nrog fluoroboric acid, yog li nws yuav tawm tsam cov iav fiber ntau hauv FR-4, ua rau cov silicate thiab calcium ntsev hauv da dej nce. . Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus tooj liab thiab cov nyiaj ntawm cov tin yaj hauv da dej yuav ua rau cov khoom siv tooj liab ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Cov tooj liab sinking tank nws tus kheej tsuas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau ntawm cov kua tank, cov plua plav hauv huab cua stirring, thiab cov khoom loj ntawm cov khoom raug tshem tawm hauv cov kua tank. Koj tuaj yeem kho cov txheej txheem tsis, nce lossis hloov cov huab cua lim, lim tag nrho lub tank, thiab lwm yam. Lub dilute acid tank rau ib ntus khaws cia ntawm lub phaj tooj liab tom qab tso cov tooj liab, cov kua tank yuav tsum huv si, thiab cov kua tank yuav tsum tau hloov thaum lub sij hawm turbid.

Lub sij hawm cia ntawm tooj liab immersion board yuav tsum tsis txhob ntev dhau lawm, txwv tsis pub lub board nto yuav yooj yim oxidized, txawm nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub, thiab oxide zaj duab xis yuav nyuaj rau pov tseg tom qab oxidation, yog li ntawd tooj liab hais yuav raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub oxide zaj duab xis. board nto. Cov tooj liab nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm tooj liab tau hais los saum toj no, tshwj tsis yog rau oxidation saum npoo, feem ntau muab faib rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm saum npoo zoo sib xws thiab muaj zog tsis tu ncua, thiab cov pa phem tsim tawm ntawm no yuav ua rau tsis muaj teeb meem txawm tias nws yog. conductive los tsis. Thaum cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov khoom tooj liab nyob rau saum npoo ntawm electroplated tooj liab phaj ntawm PCB system, qee qhov kev ntsuam xyuas me me tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem sib txawv rau kev sib piv thiab kev txiav txim. Rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsis raug ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, ib qho txhuam mos tuaj yeem siv los daws qhov teeb meem; Cov txheej txheem hloov cov duab: muaj cov kua nplaum ntau dhau hauv kev txhim kho (nyias heev Cov zaj duab xis seem kuj tuaj yeem plated thiab coated thaum lub sij hawm electroplating), los yog nws tsis tau ntxuav tom qab kev loj hlob, los yog lub phaj yog muab tso rau ntev heev tom qab tus qauv hloov, ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov oxidation ntawm cov phaj saum npoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsis zoo ntawm kev ntxuav ntawm cov phaj saum npoo Thaum cov pa phem nyob rau hauv qhov chaw cia khoom los yog lub rhiav yog hnyav. Txoj kev daws teeb meem yog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ntxuav dej, ntxiv dag zog rau txoj kev npaj thiab npaj lub sijhawm, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov kua qaub degreasing siv.

Cov kua qaub tooj liab electroplating tank nws tus kheej, nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws txoj kev kho ua ntej feem ntau tsis ua rau cov khoom tooj liab ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, vim tias cov khoom tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau feem ntau ua rau xau lossis qhov dej ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Cov laj thawj rau cov khoom tooj liab ntawm cov phaj saum npoo los ntawm lub tog raj kheej tooj liab tuaj yeem muab sau ua ob peb yam: kev saib xyuas ntawm cov dej da dej, kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm, cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem tu. Kev saib xyuas ntawm da dej tsis suav nrog cov ntsiab lus sulfuric acid ntau dhau, cov ntsiab lus tooj liab tsawg dhau, da dej kub tsawg lossis siab dhau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm uas tsis muaj qhov ntsuas kub tswj cov cua txias, qhov no yuav ua rau qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov da dej tam sim no txo, raws li cov ntaub ntawv. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm Kev Ua Haujlwm, cov hmoov tooj liab tuaj yeem tsim hauv da dej thiab sib xyaw rau hauv da dej;

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntau lawm, tam sim no ntau dhau, tsis zoo splint, npliag pinch ntsiab lus, thiab lub phaj poob rau hauv lub tank tiv thaiv lub anode rau yaj, thiab lwm yam yuav ua rau ntau tshaj tam sim no nyob rau hauv tej daim hlau, uas ua rau tooj liab hmoov, poob rau hauv lub tank kua. , thiab maj mam ua rau tooj liab particle tsis ua hauj lwm; Cov khoom siv feem ntau yog cov ntsiab lus phosphorus ntawm phosphor tooj liab lub kaum ntse ntse thiab qhov sib xws ntawm phosphorus faib; ntau lawm thiab txij nkawm nam yog tsuas yog cov loj-scale ua, thiab lub kaum sab xis tooj liab poob rau hauv lub tank thaum lub kaum sab xis tooj liab ntxiv, feem ntau thaum lub sij hawm loj-scale ua, anode tu thiab anode hnab tu, ntau factories lawv tsis zoo. , thiab muaj qee qhov kev phom sij zais. Rau kev kho pob tooj liab, qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ntxuav, thiab cov tooj liab tshiab yuav tsum tau micro-etched nrog hydrogen peroxide. Lub hnab anode yuav tsum tau tsau nrog sulfuric acid hydrogen peroxide thiab lye txuas ntxiv mus ntxuav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub hnab anode yuav tsum siv 5-10 micron kis PP hnab lim. .

Electroplating pits: Qhov kev tsis zoo no kuj ua rau muaj ntau yam txheej txheem, los ntawm tooj liab sinking, hloov qauv, mus rau pre-kho electroplating, tooj liab plating thiab tin plating. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm tooj liab dab dej yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ntxuav ntawm lub dab dej tooj liab dai pob tawb rau lub sijhawm ntev. Thaum lub sij hawm microetching, cov kua paug uas muaj palladium tooj liab yuav drip los ntawm lub pob tawb dai ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, ua rau muaj kuab paug. Pits. Cov txheej txheem hloov cov duab feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev saib xyuas cov cuab yeej tsis zoo thiab txhim kho kev tu. Muaj ntau yam yog vim li cas: txhuam cov menyuam nqus cov nplaum ntawm lub tshuab txhuam hniav ua rau cov kua nplaum tsis zoo, cov khoom siv hauv nruab nrog ntawm cov cua riam ntxuam hauv cov tshuab ziab khaub ncaws tau qhuav, muaj cov hmoov av oily, thiab lwm yam., lub rooj tsavxwm nto yog filmed lossis hmoov av. raug tshem tawm ua ntej luam ntawv. Tsis tsim nyog, lub tshuab tsim tsis huv, kev ntxuav tom qab kev loj hlob tsis zoo, lub defoamer uas muaj silicon contaminates lub board nto, thiab lwm yam. Pre-kho rau electroplating, vim hais tias lub ntsiab feem ntawm cov dej da dej yog sulfuric acid, seb nws yog acidic. degreasing tus neeg sawv cev, micro-etching, prepreg, thiab da dej tov. Yog li ntawd, thaum cov dej hardness siab, nws yuav tshwm turbid thiab pollute lub board nto; Tsis tas li ntawd, qee lub tuam txhab muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hangers. Rau lub sijhawm ntev, nws yuav pom tias cov encapsulation yuav yaj thiab diffuse nyob rau hauv lub tank thaum hmo ntuj, paug cov kua tank; cov khoom uas tsis yog-conductive no yog adsorbed rau saum npoo ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, uas yuav ua rau electroplating pits ntawm txawv degrees rau electroplating tom ntej.

Cov kua qaub tooj liab electroplating tank nws tus kheej tej zaum yuav muaj cov nram qab no: cov cua tshuab raj deviates los ntawm tus thawj txoj hauj lwm, thiab cov huab cua yog agitated unevenly; lub twj tso kua mis lim dej los yog cov kua dej nkag yog ze rau ntawm lub raj cua tshuab kom nqus tau pa, tsim cov cua npuas zoo, uas yog adsorbed rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm saum npoo los yog ntug ntawm kab. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau sab ntawm kab rov tav thiab kaum ntawm kab; Lwm qhov taw qhia yuav yog kev siv cov paj rwb tsis zoo, thiab kev kho mob tsis meej. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo li qub uas siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev tsim cov paj rwb ua rau cov kua dej da dej thiab ua rau plating to. Qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem ntxiv. Tshuab, ntxuav cov kua nplaum ua npuas ncauj hauv lub sijhawm. Tom qab cov paj rwb core yog soaked nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub thiab alkali, cov xim ntawm lub board nto yog xim dawb los yog tsis sib xws: feem ntau yog vim polishing tus neeg saib xyuas los yog cov teeb meem txij nkawm, thiab tej zaum nws yuav tu cov teeb meem tom qab acid degreasing. Micro-etching teeb meem.

Misalignment ntawm lub brightening tus neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub tooj liab lub tog raj kheej, loj organic kuab paug, thiab ntau dhau da dej kub yuav tshwm sim. Acidic degreasing feem ntau tsis muaj teeb meem kev tu, tab sis yog tias cov dej muaj me ntsis acid pH nqi thiab ntau cov organic teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov dej rov ua dua tshiab, nws yuav ua rau kev tu tsis zoo thiab tsis sib xws micro-etching; micro-etching feem ntau txiav txim siab ntau dhau ntawm micro-etching tus neeg saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus Tsawg, cov ntsiab lus tooj liab siab hauv cov tshuaj micro-etching, tsis tshua muaj dej da dej, thiab lwm yam, yuav ua rau tsis sib xws micro-etching ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm; Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntxuav cov dej tsis zoo, lub sij hawm ntxuav yog me ntsis ntev dua los yog cov kua dej ua ntej cov kua qaub yog cov kab mob, thiab cov board nto yuav kis tau tom qab kev kho mob. Yuav muaj oxidation me ntsis. Thaum lub sij hawm electroplating nyob rau hauv lub tooj liab da dej, vim hais tias nws yog acidic oxidation thiab lub phaj yog them rau hauv da dej, lub oxide yog ib qho nyuaj rau tshem tawm, thiab nws kuj yuav ua rau uneven xim ntawm lub phaj nto; Tsis tas li ntawd, lub phaj nto yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub hnab anode, thiab lub anode conduction tsis sib xws. , Anode passivation thiab lwm yam kev mob kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag.