PCB ʻo ka stacking kahi mea nui e hoʻoholo ai i ka hana EMC o nā huahana. Hiki ke maikaʻi loa ka layering maikaʻi i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka radiation mai ka loop PCB (ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ke ʻano ʻokoʻa), a me nā kaula e pili ana i ka papa (emission mode maʻamau).

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hiki i kahi cascade maikaʻi ʻole ke hoʻonui i ka radiation o nā ʻano ʻelua. ʻEhā mau mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai i ka hoʻāhu papa:

1. Ka helu o nā papa;

2. Ka helu a me ke ʻano o nā papa i hoʻohana ʻia (ka mana a me / a i ʻole ka lepo);

3. Ke kauoha a me ke kaʻina o nā papa;

4. Ka wā mawaena o nā papa.

ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau wale nō ka helu o nā papa i manaʻo ʻia. I nā manawa he nui, ʻekolu mau mea like ʻē aʻe i like ka nui, a ʻo ka hā i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia e ka mea hoʻolālā PCB. Ke hoʻoholo nei i ka helu o nā papa, e noʻonoʻo i kēia:

1. Ka nui o ka hōʻailona a me ke kumukūʻai o ka uea ʻana;

2. alapine (frequency);

3. Pono e hoʻokō i ka huahana i nā koi no ka hoʻolana o ka papa A a me ka papa B?

4. Aia ʻo PCB i nā hale pale a pale ʻole ʻia paha;

5. EMC ʻenehana ʻenehana o ke kime hoʻolālā.

ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau wale nō ka manaʻo mua. ʻOiai, he mea nui nā mea āpau a pono e noʻonoʻo like ʻia. He mea nui loa kēia mea hope loa a pono ʻole e nānā wale ʻia inā e hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi loa i ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa a me ke kumukūʻai.

ʻO kahi pā multilayer e hoʻohana ana i ka honua a me / a i ʻole mokulele mana e hāʻawi i kahi hōʻemi nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka radiation i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kahi papa ʻelua papa. ʻO ka lula maʻamau o ka manamana lima i hoʻohana ʻia he pāhā ʻehā i hana i 15dB ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka radiation ma mua o kahi pā pālua, nā mea like ʻē aʻe āpau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi papa me kahi pālahalaha ma mua o kahi papa me ka ʻole o kahi pālahalaha no nā kumu aʻe:

1. ʻAe lākou e hoʻohuli ʻia e like me nā laina microstrip (a i ʻole nā ​​laina lipine). Kuhi ʻia kēia mau hale i nā laina hoʻoili impedance me ka liʻiliʻi o ka radiation ma mua o ka uea uila i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā papa ʻelua.

2. Hoʻoemi ka mokulele honua i ka impedance honua (a no laila ke kani o ka honua).

ʻOiai ʻelua mau papa i hoʻohana kūleʻa ʻia i nā pā unshielded o 20-25mhz, ʻo kēia mau hihia ke ʻokoʻa ma mua o ke kānāwai. Ma luna ma kahi o 10-15mhz, pono e noʻonoʻo pinepine ʻia nā panakō multilayer.

ʻElima mau pahuhopu āu e hoʻāʻo ai e hoʻokō i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka papa multilayer. ʻo lākou:

1. E pili mau ka papa hōʻailona me ka mokulele;

2. E hoʻopili pono ʻia ka papa hōʻailona (kokoke i) i kāna mokulele e pili ana.

3, ka hui mokulele a me ka mokulele honua e pono e hoʻohui pono ʻia;

4, pono e kanu i ka hōʻailona wikiwiki i ka laina ma waena o ʻelua mau mokulele, hiki i ka mokulele ke pāʻani i kahi pale pale, a hiki ke kāohi i ka radiation o ka laina paʻi wikiwiki wikiwiki;

5. He nui nā pōmaikaʻi o ka papa honua he nui no ka mea e hoʻoliʻiliʻi lākou i ka papakū (mokulele pili) impedance o ka papa a hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka radiation mode-mode.

Ma ke ʻano laulā, alo mākou i kahi koho ma waena o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka hōʻailona / pelane kokoke (Pahuhopu 2) a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka mana / kahua mokulele (pahu hopu 3). Me nā ʻenehana hana PCB maʻamau, ka capacitance pā pālahalaha ma waena o ka lako pili e pili ana a me ka mokulele honua e lawa ʻole e hāʻawi i ka decoupling lawa ma lalo o 500 MHz.

No laila, pono e hoʻoponopono i ka decoupling e nā ala ʻē aʻe, a pono mākou e koho i kahi hoʻopili paʻa ma waena o ka hōʻailona a me ka mokulele hoʻi o kēia manawa. ʻO nā mea maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili paʻa ʻana ma waena o ka papa o ka hōʻailona a me ka mokulele hoʻihoʻi i kēia manawa e ʻoi aku i ka maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka nalowale iki ʻana o ka capacitance ma waena o nā mokulele.

ʻEwalu mau papa ka helu liʻiliʻi o nā papa i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokō ai i kēia mau pahuhopu ʻelima. Pono e hoʻopili ʻia kekahi o kēia mau pahuhopu ma nā papa ʻehā – a me ʻeono papa. Ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana, pono ʻoe e hoʻoholo i nā pahuhopu nui i ka hoʻolālā ma ka lima.

ʻAʻole pono e unuhi i ka paukū i luna aʻe nei i ka manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi hoʻolālā EMC maikaʻi ma kahi papa ʻehā – a ʻeono paha papa, e like me kāu hiki. Hōʻike wale ia ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā pahuhopu āpau i ka manawa hoʻokahi a koi ʻia kekahi ʻano kuʻikahi.

ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā pahuhopu EMC āpau me ʻewalu mau papa, ʻaʻohe kumu e hoʻohana ai ma mua o ʻewalu mau papa koe wale no ka ʻae ʻana i nā papa kuhikuhi hōʻailona hou.

Mai kahi manaʻo mechanical, kahi pahuhopu kūpono ʻē aʻe e hana i ka ʻāpana keʻa o ka papa PCB symmetrical (a i ʻole kaulike) e pale ai i ka hakakā ʻana.

ʻO kahi laʻana, ma ka papa ʻewalu papa, inā he mokulele ka papa ʻelua, a laila he pelane nō hoʻi ka hiku o ka papa.

No laila, nā hoʻonohonoho a pau i hōʻike ʻia ma aneʻi e hoʻohana i nā ʻano simetretr a kaulike paha. Inā ʻae ʻia nā hale asymmetrical a kaulike ʻole paha, hiki ke kūkulu i nā hoʻonohonoho cascading ʻē aʻe.

Papa papa ʻehā

Hōʻike ka papa pā ʻehā mau papa maʻamau i ke Kii 1 (hoʻololi ʻia ka mokulele honua a me ka mokulele honua). Loaʻa iā ia ʻehā mau laina kaulike me kahi mokulele mana kūloko a me kahi mokulele honua. Loaʻa i kēia mau ʻea kūwaho kūwaho ʻelua nā ʻōkuhi uila orthogonal.

ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia kūkulu ʻana ma mua o nā panela papalua, he mau hiʻohiʻona makemake ʻole ia.

No ka papa inoa o nā pahuhopu i ka ʻĀpana 1, māʻona kēia pahu i ka pahu hopu (1) wale nō. Inā hoʻokaʻawale like nā papa, aia kahi hakahaka nui ma waena o ka papa hōʻailona a me ka mokulele hoʻi o kēia manawa. Aia kekahi hakahaka nui ma waena o ka mokulele uila a me ka mokulele honua.

No kahi papa ʻehā, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoponopono i nā kīnā ʻelua i ka manawa like, no laila pono mākou e hoʻoholo i ka mea nui iā mākou.

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻaʻole lawa ka capacitance interlayer ma waena o ka lako pili e pili ana a me ka mokulele honua e hoʻolako i ka decoupling kūpono me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana hana PCB maʻamau.

Pono e lawelawe ʻia ka decoupling e nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, a pono mākou e koho i kahi hoʻopili paʻa ma waena o ka hōʻailona a me ka mokulele hoʻi o kēia manawa. ʻO nā mea maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili paʻa ʻana ma waena o ka papa hōʻailona a me ka mokulele hoʻi i kēia manawa e ʻoi aku i ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka nalo iki ʻana o ka capacitance interlayer.

No laila, ʻo ke ala maʻalahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana EMC o ka papa ʻehā e lawe i ka papa hōʻailona kokoke i ka mokulele i hiki. 10mil), a hoʻohana i kahi kumu dielectric nui ma waena o ke kumu waiwai a me ka mokulele honua (> 40mil), e like me ka Hōʻike 2.

ʻEkolu mau mea maikaʻi o kēia a he mau mea pono ʻole paha. Heʻuʻuku ka wahi loop loop, no laila ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka radiation mode. No ka hihia o kahi manawa 5mil ma waena o ka papa uila a me ka papa o ka mokulele, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi radiation o 10dB a ʻoi paha e pili ana i kahi hanana i kau ʻia i kau ʻia.

ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka hoʻopili paʻa ʻana o nā uea hōʻailona i ka honua e hoʻemi ana i ka impedance planar (inductance), a pēlā e hōʻemi ai i ka radiation mode-maʻamau o ke kaula e pili ana i ka papa.

ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ka hoʻopili paʻa ʻana o nā uea i ka mokulele e hōʻemi ana i ka crosstalk ma waena o nā kaula. No ka hoʻokaʻawale kaula uila, kūlike ka crosstalk i ka square o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaula. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ala maʻalahi, maʻalahi, a nānā ʻole ʻia e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka radiation mai kahi ʻehā papa PCB.

Na kēia ʻano cascade, māʻona mākou i nā pahuhopu ʻelua (1) a me (2).

He aha nā mea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ma laila no ka hanana laminated ʻehā papa? ʻĀ, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i kahi o kahi ʻano kuʻuna ʻole, ʻo ia ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka papa hōʻailona a me ka papa mokulele ma ke Kiʻi 2 e hana i ka cascade i hōʻike ʻia i ke kiʻi 3A.

ʻO ka maikaʻi nui o kēia lamination ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka mokulele i waho i ka pale no ka neʻe ʻana o ka hōʻailona ma ka papa o loko. ʻO ka mea hemahema e ʻokiʻoki nui ʻia ka mokulele honua e nā pads o nā kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe ma ka PCB. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi ʻia i kekahi manawa ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka mokulele, ke kau nei i ka mokulele mana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka element, a kau i ka mokulele honua ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka papa.

ʻO ka lua, ʻaʻole makemake kekahi poʻe i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mokulele mana i hōʻike ʻole ʻia, a ʻo ke kolu, ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi nā papa hōʻailona i hoʻoliʻiliʻi e hana hou i ka papa. Hoʻopiha ka pahu i ka pahuhopu (1), (2), a ʻoluʻolu hapa i ka pahuhopu (4).

ʻElua o kēia mau pilikia ʻekolu e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka cascade e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke Kiʻi 3B, kahi o nā mokulele ʻelua i waho o nā mokulele honua a hoʻohuli ʻia ka lako mana ma ka mokulele hōʻailona ma ke ʻano he pilina.E hoʻohuli ʻia ka lako uila ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaha ākea i ka papa hōʻailona.

ʻElua mau keu pono o kēia cascade i:

(1) Hāʻawi nā mokulele honua ʻelua i ka impedance honua haʻahaʻa, a pēlā e hōʻemi ai i ka radiation cable mode-mode;

(2) Hiki ke humuhumu pū ʻia nā mokulele ʻelua i ka periphery o ka pā e sila ai i nā hōʻailona hōʻailona āpau i kahi hale paʻa Faraday.

Mai kahi manaʻo o EMC, ʻo kēia layering, inā hana maikaʻi ʻia, ʻo ia paha ka hoʻomoe maikaʻi o kahi ʻehā papa PCB. I kēia manawa ua kō mākou i nā pahuhopu (1), (2), (4) a me (5) me hoʻokahi papa papa ʻehā wale nō.

Hōʻike ka kiʻi 4 i ka hiki i ka hā, ʻaʻole ka mea maʻamau, akā hiki ke hana maikaʻi. Ua like kēia me ke Kiʻi 2, akā hoʻohana ʻia ka mokulele honua ma kahi o ka mokulele uila, a hana ka mana uila ma ke ʻano he mahele o ka papa hōʻailona no ka uea ʻana.

Lanakila kēia cascade i ka pilikia rework i hōʻike ʻia aʻe nei a hāʻawi pū i ka impedance honua haʻahaʻa ma muli o nā mokulele honua ʻelua. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hāʻawi kēia mau mokulele i kahi pale. Māʻona kēia hoʻonohonoho i nā pahuhopu (1), (2), a me (5), akā ʻaʻole māʻona ka pahuhopu (3) a i ʻole (4).

No laila, e like me kāu e ʻike ai he nui aku nā koho no ka papa ʻehā o ka papa ma mua o kāu e manaʻo mua ai, a hiki paha ke hālāwai me ʻehā o kā mākou mau pahuhopu ʻelima me ʻehā papa PCBS. Mai kahi manaʻo o EMC, holo pono ka layering o nā kiʻi 2, 3b, a me 4 āpau.

Papa papa 6

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā papa ʻeono ʻehā o nā papa uwea hōʻailona ʻehā a me nā papa mokulele ʻelua, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā papa ʻeono i nā papa ʻehā mai kahi kuanaʻike EMC.

Hōʻike ka kiʻi 5 i kahi hanana cascading ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka papa ʻeono papa.

ʻAʻole hāʻawi kēia mau mokulele i ka pale no ka papa hōʻailona, ​​a ʻelua o nā papa hōʻailona (1 a me 6) ʻaʻole pili i kahi mokulele. Hana wale kēia hoʻonohonoho inā holo nā hōʻailona pinepine kiʻekiʻe a pau ma nā papa 2 a me 5, a ʻo nā hōʻailona alapine haʻahaʻa wale nō, a ʻoi aku paha ka maikaʻi, ʻaʻohe kaula o nā hōʻailona (e hoʻopili wale i nā padder) ma nā papa 1 a me 6.

Inā hoʻohana ʻia, pono e kele i nā wahi i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia ma ka papahele 1 a me 6 a hoʻopili ʻia viAS i ka papahele nui i nā wahi i hiki.

Māʻona kēia hoʻonohonoho i hoʻokahi wale nō o kā mākou pahuhopu kumu (Pahuhopu 3).

Me nā papa eono i loaʻa, ʻo ke kumu o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ʻelua papa kanu kanu ʻia no nā hōʻailona wikiwiki (e like me ka hōʻike ma ke kiʻi 3) e hana maʻalahi ʻia, e like me ka Hōʻike 6. Hāʻawi pū kēia hoʻonohonoho i ʻelua papa o ka papa no nā hōʻailona wikiwiki.

ʻO kēia paha ke ʻano ʻeono-layered maʻamau a hiki ke maikaʻi loa i ka kaohi ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu electromagnetic inā hana maikaʻi. Māʻona kēia hoʻonohonoho i ka pahuhopu 1,2,4, akā ʻaʻole pahuhopu 3,5. ʻO kāna hemahema nui ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka mokulele mana a me ka mokulele honua.

Ma muli o kēia kaʻawale ʻana, ʻaʻole nui ka capacitance interplane ma waena o ka mokulele a me ka mokulele honua, no laila e pono e mālama ʻia ka hoʻolālā decoupling e kū pono ai i kēia kūlana. No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka decoupling, ʻike i kā mākou ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hana Decoupling.

ʻAneʻane like, hana maikaʻi ʻeono mau papa lamineka i hōʻike ʻia i ke Kii 7.

Hōʻike ʻo H1 i ka papa hoʻokele hoʻokahuli o ka hōʻailona 1, ʻo V1 ka papa kuhikuhi kau pololei o ka hōʻailona 1, H2 a me V2 e hōʻike i ka manaʻo like no ka hōʻailona 2, a ʻo ka mea maikaʻi o kēia ʻōnaehana nā ʻōuli hoʻokele orthogonal e kuhikuhi mau i ka mokulele like.

E hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu o kēia mea nui, e ʻike i ka ʻāpana o nā mokulele hōʻailona-i-ʻāpana i ka ʻĀpana 6. ʻO ka hemahema ka pale 1 a me ka hōʻailona 6 ʻaʻole pale ʻia.

No laila, pono kokoke ka paepae hōʻailona i kāna mokulele e pili ana a pono e hoʻohana i kahi papa waena waena mānoanoa e hana i ka mānoanoa o ka pā. ʻO 0.060 “/ 0.005” / 0.005 “/ 0.040” / 0.005 “/ 0.005” / 0.005 “ka XNUMX iniha ke aniani o ka pālahalaha o ka pā. Māʻona kēia ʻano i nā Pahuhopu 1 a me 2, akā ʻaʻole nā ​​pahuhopu 3, 4 a i ʻole 5.

Hōʻike ʻia kekahi pā ʻeono papa me ka hana maikaʻi loa ma ke Kii 8. Hāʻawi ia i ʻelua mau hōʻailona i kanu ʻia a me nā mana e pili ana a me nā mokulele honua e kū i nā pahuhopu ʻelima. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka drawback nui loa he ʻelua wale nō mau papa uila ʻo ia, no laila ʻaʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia.

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka papa ʻeono e loaʻa i ka hoʻokaulike electromagnetic maikaʻi ma mua o ka pā ʻehā. Loaʻa iā mākou ka pōmaikaʻi o nā papa hoʻoili hōʻailona ʻehā ma kahi o ka kaupalena ʻia ʻana i ʻelua.

E like me ka hihia me ka papa kaapuni ʻehā, ua hui ka PCB ʻeono ʻehā i ʻehā o kā mākou mau pahuhopu ʻelima. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā pahuhopu ʻelima inā palena mākou iā mākou iho i ʻelua papa hoʻoneʻe hōʻailona. Hana maikaʻi nā hale i ke Kiʻi 6, Kiʻi 7, a me ke Kiʻi 8 mai kahi hiʻohiʻona EMC.