Nyochaa ihe na-akpata yana mgbochi mgbochi ọdịda ọla kọpa electroplating na nrụpụta PCB

Ọla kọpa sulfate electroplating nọ n’ọnọdụ dị oke mkpa na PCB electroplating. Ogo nke acid ọla kọpa electroplating ozugbo na-emetụta àgwà na ihe ndị metụtara ya nke eriri ọla kọpa electroplated nke osisi PCB, ma nwee mmetụta ụfọdụ na nhazi na-esote. Ya mere, otu esi ejikwa acid ọla kọpa electroplating Ogo PCB bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke PCB electroplating, ọ bụkwa otu n’ime usoro siri ike maka ọtụtụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-achịkwa usoro ahụ. Dabere na afọ nke ahụmahụ na electroplating na teknuzu ọrụ, odee mbụ chịkọta ihe ndị na-esonụ, na-atụ anya na-akpali electroplating ụlọ ọrụ na PCB industry.Common nsogbu na acid ọla kọpa electroplating tumadi gụnyere ndị na-esonụ:

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1. Ihe mkpuchi siri ike; 2. Plating (board elu) ọla kọpa; 3. Electroplating olulu; 4. N’elu osisi ahụ na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ na-enweghị isi na agba.

Na nzaghachi nye nsogbu ndị a dị n’elu, e mere nkwubi okwu ụfọdụ, na ụfọdụ ngwọta nyocha nkenke na usoro mgbochi e mere.

Igwe ọkụ eletrik siri ike: N’ozuzu, akụkụ osisi ahụ na-esi ike, ọtụtụ n’ime ha na-akpata site na electroplating ugbu a buru ibu. Ị nwere ike belata ihe dị ugbu a ma lelee ihe ngosi ugbu a na mita kaadị maka ihe na-adịghị mma; osisi ahụ dum na-esi ike, na-emekarị ọ bụghị, ma onye edemede ahụ ezutewo ya otu ugboro na ebe ndị ahịa. E mechara chọpụta na okpomọkụ n’oge oyi dị ala na ọdịnaya nke brightener ezughị oke; na mgbe ụfọdụ, a naghị agwọ ụfọdụ bọọdụ ndị dara ada arụgharịrị nke ọma, ma ọnọdụ ndị yiri ya mere.

Ịtinye ihe ndị dị na ọla kọpa n’elu osisi: E nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-akpata mmepụta nke ọla kọpa n’elu osisi. Site na ọla kọpa na-emikpu na usoro niile nke ịnyefe ụkpụrụ, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịmegharị ọla kọpa na bọọdụ PCB n’onwe ya.

Achịcha ọla kọpa dị n’elu osisi nke usoro imikpu ọla kọpa kpatara nwere ike ịkpata usoro ọgwụgwọ imikpu ọla kọpa ọ bụla. Ngwunye alkaline agaghị eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị mma n’elu osisi ahụ kamakwa ọ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị mma na oghere mgbe mmiri siri ike dị elu na uzuzu uzuzu dị oke (karịsịa okpukpu abụọ nke akụkụ ahụ adịghị ehichapụ). Enwere ike wepụ ihe adịghị mma dị n’ime na ntakịrị ntụpọ dị ka unyi dị n’elu osisi; Enwere ọtụtụ ikpe nke micro-etching: àgwà nke micro-etching agent hydrogen peroxide ma ọ bụ sulfuric acid adịghị mma, ma ọ bụ ammonium persulfate (sodium) nwere oke adịghị ọcha, n’ozuzu, a na-atụ aro na ọ ga-abụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala CP. ọkwa. Na mgbakwunye na ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, enwere ike ịkpata ọdịda àgwà ndị ọzọ; Ọdịnaya ọla kọpa dị elu nke ukwuu na bath micro-etching ma ọ bụ obere okpomọkụ nwere ike ime ka kristal sulfate ọla kọpa na-ezo nwayọ nwayọ; na mmiri mmiri ịsa ahụ na-asọ oyi ma metọọ.

Ọtụtụ n’ime ngwọta ịgbalite na-ebute site na mmetọ ma ọ bụ mmezi na-adịghị mma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbapụta mgbapụta nzacha, mmiri mmiri ịsa ahụ nwere obere ike ndọda, na ọdịnaya ọla kọpa dị oke elu (ejiri tankị arụ ọrụ ogologo oge, ihe karịrị afọ 3), nke ga-emepụta ihe na-ekpo ọkụ n’ime ụlọ ịsa ahụ. . Ma ọ bụ colloid adịghị ọcha, adsorbed na efere efere ma ọ bụ oghere mgbidi, oge a ga-esonyere roughness na oghere. Na-agbaze ma ọ bụ na-eme ngwa ngwa: ngwọta bat ahụ dị ogologo ka ọ pụta ìhè, n’ihi na ọtụtụ n’ime ngwọta na-agbaze na-akwado ya na fluoroboric acid, nke mere na ọ ga-awakpo eriri iko na FR-4, na-eme ka nnu silicate na calcium dị na bat ahụ bilie. . Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mmụba nke ọla kọpa na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke agbaze agbaze na bat ga-eme ka mmepụta nke ọla kọpa n’elu osisi. A na-ebute tankị ọla kọpa n’onwe ya site na oke ọrụ nke mmiri mmiri tank, uzuzu nke ikuku na-akpali akpali, na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ihe siri ike kwụsịtụrụ na mmiri mmiri tank. Ị nwere ike gbanwee usoro usoro, mụbaa ma ọ bụ dochie ihe nzacha ikuku, nyochaa tank ahụ dum, wdg. Ngwọta dị irè. Igwe mmiri dilute acid maka ịchekwa efere ọla kọpa nwa oge mgbe etinyere ọla kọpa ahụ, ekwesịrị idobe mmiri mmiri ahụ dị ọcha, a ga-edochikwa mmiri mmiri ahụ n’oge ọ na-agba mmiri.

Oge nchekwa nke osisi imikpu ọla kọpa ekwesịghị ịdị ogologo oge, ma ọ bụghị ya, ọ ga-adị mfe oxidized n’elu osisi, ọbụna na ngwọta acid, na ihe nkiri oxide ga-esikwu ike iwepụ mgbe oxidation gasịrị, nke mere na a ga-emepụta ihe ndị dị na ọla kọpa na . osisi elu. A na-ekesa ihe ndị ahụ ọla kọpa dị n’elu osisi ahụ nke usoro ịgbanye ọla kọpa ahụ a kpọtụrụ aha n’elu, ma e wezụga n’elu oxidation, na-ekesakarị n’elu osisi ahụ n’otu n’otu na mgbe niile, na mmetọ a na-emepụta ebe a ga-eme ka ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ. na-eduzi ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị. Mgbe ị na-eme ihe banyere mmepụta nke ọla kọpa n’elu efere ọla kọpa electroplated nke sistemụ PCB, enwere ike iji obere mbadamba ule mee ihe iche iche maka ntụnyere na ikpe. Maka bọọdụ na-adịghị mma na saịtị, enwere ike iji ahịhịa dị nro dozie nsogbu ahụ; usoro mbufe ndịna-emeputa: enwere gluu na mmepe (dị ezigbo mkpa Ihe nkiri ahụ fọdụrụnụ nwekwara ike kpuchie ma kpuchie ya n’oge electroplating), ma ọ bụ anaghị ehichapụ ya mgbe mmepe, ma ọ bụ tinye efere ahụ ogologo oge mgbe ebufechara ụkpụrụ ahụ, na-ebute ogo dị iche iche nke oxidation n’elu efere ahụ, karịsịa ihicha nke ọma nke elu efere ahụ Mgbe mmetọ ikuku na nchekwa ma ọ bụ ebe nchekwa dị arọ. Ihe ngwọta bụ iji mee ka ịsacha mmiri dị ike, mee ka atụmatụ ahụ dịkwuo ike na ịhazi usoro ihe omume, na-ewusi ike nkwụsị acid.

The acid ọla kọpa electroplating tank n’onwe ya, n’oge a, ya tupu ọgwụgwọ n’ozuzu adịghị eme ka ọla kọpa ahụ n’elu osisi n’elu osisi, n’ihi na-abụghị conductive ahụ nwere ike na-emekarị ka ntapu ma ọ bụ olulu na osisi elu. Enwere ike ịchịkọta ihe kpatara ihe ndị na-emepụta ọla kọpa n’elu efere efere nke cylinder ọla kọpa na-eme n’ọtụtụ akụkụ: mmezi nke parampat bat, mmepụta na ọrụ, ihe na nhazi usoro. Ndozi nke usoro ịsa ahụ na-agụnye ọdịnaya sulfuric acid dị elu, ọdịnaya ọla kọpa dị ala, obere okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ nke dị elu, karịsịa na ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị usoro nlekota okpomọkụ na-achịkwa, nke a ga-eme ka njupụta nke bat dị ugbu a belata, dị ka usoro mmepụta nkịtị Arụ ọrụ, ntụ ntụ ọla kọpa nwere ike ịmepụta na bat ma gwakọta ya n’ime bat;

N’ihe banyere ọrụ mmepụta, oke nke ugbu a, splint na-adịghị mma, isi ihe na-abaghị uru, na efere a na-agbanye na tank megide anode iji gbazee, wdg ga-emekwa ka oke dị ugbu a na ụfọdụ efere, na-ebute ntụ ntụ ọla kọpa, na-adaba na mmiri mmiri tank. , na nke nta nke nta na-akpata ọdịda nke ọla kọpa; Akụkụ ihe onwunwe bụ tumadi ọdịnaya phosphorus nke akụkụ ọla kọpa phosphor na ịdị n’otu nke nkesa phosphorus; akụkụ mmepụta na mmezi bụ tumadi nhazi nke ukwuu, na akụkụ ọla kọpa na-adaba na tank ahụ mgbe a na-agbakwunye akụkụ ọla kọpa, tumadi n’oge nhazi nnukwu, nhicha anode na ihicha akpa anode, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ anaghị edozi ha nke ọma. , ma enwere ụfọdụ ihe egwu zoro ezo. Maka ọgwụgwọ bọọlụ ọla kọpa, ekwesịrị ịsacha elu ya, na elu ọla kọpa ọhụrụ kwesịrị ịbụ micro-etched na hydrogen peroxide. Akpa anode kwesịrị itinye ya na sulfuric acid hydrogen peroxide na lye nke ọma ka ọ dị ọcha, ọkachasị akpa anode kwesịrị iji akpa nzacha PP 5-10 micron gap. .

Electroplating olulu: Nrụrụ aka na-ebutekwa ọtụtụ usoro, site na imi ọla kọpa, nnyefe ụkpụrụ, na tupu ọgwụgwọ electroplating, ọla kọpa plating na tin plating. Isi ihe na-akpata imi ọla kọpa bụ ihicha adịghị mma nke nkata ọla kọpa na-ekowe ogologo oge. N’oge microetching, mmiri mmiri mmetọ nke nwere palladium ọla kọpa ga-adapụ site na nkata ahụ kodoro n’elu osisi ahụ, na-ebute mmetọ. Ọkụ. Usoro mbufe eserese na-abụkarị site na mmezi akụrụngwa adịghị mma yana ihicha nke na-emepe emepe. Enwere ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ya: mkpanaka ahịhịa ahịhịa nke igwe na-eme ihe na-emetọ ntụpọ gluu, akụkụ ndị dị n’ime nke ikuku mma ikuku na ngalaba ihicha akpọnwụwo, enwere uzuzu mmanu, wdg, a na-ese foto elu osisi ma ọ bụ ájá. ewepụrụ tupu ebipụta. Na-ezighi ezi, igwe na-emepe emepe adịghị ọcha, ịsacha mgbe mmepe adịghị mma, defoamer nwere silicon na-emerụ elu osisi ahụ, wdg. Tupu ọgwụgwọ maka electroplating, n’ihi na isi akụkụ nke mmiri mmiri bat bụ sulfuric acid, ma ọ bụ acidic. ihe na-emebi emebi, micro-etching, prepreg, na ngwọta ịsa ahụ. Ya mere, mgbe mmiri siri ike dị elu, ọ ga-apụta turbid ma metọọ elu osisi; na mgbakwunye, ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ nwere adịghị mma encapsulation nke hangers. Ruo ogologo oge, a ga-achọpụta na encapsulation ga-agbaze ma gbasaa na tank n’abalị, na-emerụ mmiri mmiri tank; A na-eme ka ihe ndị a na-adịghị emepụta ihe na-adaba n’elu osisi ahụ, nke nwere ike ime ka olulu electroplating nke ogo dị iche iche maka electroplating na-esote.

The acid ọla kọpa electroplating tank n’onwe ya nwere ike inwe ndị na-esonụ akụkụ: ikuku gbawara tube deviates site na mbụ ọnọdụ, na ikuku na-ama jijiji na-ezighị ezi; nzacha mgbapụta ntapu ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri ntinye dị nso na ikuku gbawara tube ikuru ikuku, na-amụba ezi ikuku egosipụta, nke adsorbed na osisi elu ma ọ bụ nsọtụ nke akara. Karịsịa n’akụkụ nke ahịrị kwụ ọtọ na akụkụ nke ahịrị; Isi ihe ọzọ nwere ike ịbụ iji eriri owu dị ala, na ọgwụgwọ adịghị nke ọma. Onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ mgbochi static a na-eji na usoro nrụpụta isi owu na-emetọ mmiri mmiri ịsa ahụ ma na-akpata ntapu mmiri. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ọnọdụ a. Gwuo, hichaa ụfụfụ elu mmiri n’oge. Mgbe isi owu na-agbanye na acid na alkali, agba nke elu osisi ahụ na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ na-enweghị isi: tumadi n’ihi onye na-egbuke egbuke ma ọ bụ nsogbu mmezi, na mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ nwere ike ịbụ nsogbu ihicha mgbe acid degreasing. Nsogbu Micro-etching.

Enwere ike ịkpata ndakọrịta nke ihe na-egbukepụ egbukepụ na cylinder ọla kọpa, mmetọ organic siri ike, yana oke okpomọkụ nke ịsa ahụ. Mbelata acidic n’ozuzu enweghị nsogbu ihicha, ma ọ bụrụ na mmiri nwere ntakịrị acid pH uru na ihe ndị ọzọ organic, karịsịa na recycling mmiri ịsacha, ọ nwere ike ime ka adịghị ọcha ihicha na-erughị eru micro-etching; Micro-etching tumadi na-ewere oke micro-etching gị n’ụlọnga ọdịnaya Low, elu ọla kọpa na micro-etching ngwọta, ala bath okpomọkụ, wdg, ga-eme ka uneven micro-etching na osisi elu; na mgbakwunye, ịdị mma mmiri dị ọcha adịghị mma, oge ịsa ahụ dị ntakịrị ogologo oge ma ọ bụ ihe ngwọta acid pre-soak, na elu osisi nwere ike imerụ ya mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị. A ga-enwe ntakịrị oxidation. N’oge electroplating na bath ọla kọpa, n’ihi na ọ bụ acidic oxidation na efere a na-ebuba n’ime bath, oxide siri ike wepụ, na ọ ga-emekwa ka-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe agba nke efere elu; na mgbakwunye, elu efere dị na kọntaktị na akpa anode, na njikwa anode adịghị mma. , Anode passivation na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ nwekwara ike ime ka ntụpọ dị otú ahụ.