I. Ndondomeko

Njira zochepetsera kusokonezeka kwa thupi PCB bolodi ndi:

1. Chepetsani gawo la mawonekedwe amtundu wosiyana.

2. Chepetsani kubwereza kwaphokoso kwambiri (kusefa, kudzipatula ndi kufanana).

3. Chepetsani voteji wamba (grounding design). Mfundo 47 za mapangidwe apamwamba a PCB EMC II. Chidule cha mfundo za mapangidwe a PCB

Mfundo 1: PCB wotchi pafupipafupi kuposa 5MHZ kapena chizindikiro kukwera nthawi ndi zosakwana 5ns, zambiri ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito Mipikisano wosanjikiza bolodi kapangidwe.

Chifukwa: Dera la loop yolumikizira limatha kuwongoleredwa bwino potengera kapangidwe ka bolodi lamitundu yambiri.

Mfundo 2: Pama board amitundu yambiri, zigawo zazikuluzikulu (zigawo zomwe mizere ya wotchi, mabasi, mizere yolumikizira mawotchi, mizere ya mawayilesi, mizere yosinthira mawilo, mizere ya ma siginoloji, mizere yosankhidwa ya chip, ndi mizere yowongolera yosiyanasiyana) iyenera kukhala yoyandikana. ku ndege yathunthu. Makamaka pakati pa ndege ziwiri zapansi.

Chifukwa: Mizere yofunikira kwambiri imakhala ndi ma radiation amphamvu kapena mizere yodziwika kwambiri. Mawaya pafupi ndi ndege yapansi amatha kuchepetsa malo ozungulira chizindikiro, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ma radiation kapena kupititsa patsogolo luso lodana ndi kusokoneza.

Mfundo 3: Kwa matabwa amtundu umodzi, mbali zonse ziwiri za mizere yofunikira ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nthaka.

Chifukwa: Chizindikiro chachikulu chimakutidwa ndi nthaka kumbali zonse ziwiri, kumbali imodzi, chimatha kuchepetsa malo ozungulira chizindikiro, ndipo kumbali ina, chingalepheretse kudutsa pakati pa mzere wa chizindikiro ndi mizere ina.

Mfundo 4: Kwa bolodi la magawo awiri, malo akulu ayenera kuyikidwa pa ndege yowonetsera mzere wofunikira, kapena chofanana ndi bolodi lambali imodzi.

Chifukwa: mofanana ndi kuti chizindikiro chofunika cha bolodi la multilayer chili pafupi ndi ndege yapansi.

Mfundo 5: Mu bolodi la multilayer, ndege yamagetsi iyenera kubwezeredwa ndi 5H-20H poyerekeza ndi ndege yomwe ili pafupi ndi pansi (H ndi mtunda pakati pa magetsi ndi ndege yapansi).

Chifukwa: Kuyika kwa ndege yamagetsi molingana ndi ndege yomwe imabwerera kutha kuletsa bwino vuto la radiation.

Mfundo ya 6: Ndege yowonetsera ya wosanjikiza wama waya iyenera kukhala m’dera la ndege yobwereranso.

Chifukwa: Ngati waya wosanjikiza sakhala m’malo owonetsera ndege yobwereranso, zingayambitse mavuto am’mphepete mwa ma radiation ndikuwonjezera malo ozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma radiation achuluke.

Mfundo 7: M’mabokosi amitundu yambiri, pasakhale mizere yokulirapo kuposa 50MHZ pa TOP ndi BOTTOM zigawo za bolodi limodzi. Chifukwa: Ndibwino kuti muyende chizindikiro chapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za ndege kuti mutseke ma radiation ake kumlengalenga.

Mfundo 8: Kwa matabwa amodzi okhala ndi ma frequency opitilira 50MHz, ngati wosanjikiza wachiwiri ndi wosanjikiza wotsogola ndi waya, zigawo za Top ndi Boottom ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zojambulazo zamkuwa.

Chifukwa: Ndibwino kuti muyende chizindikiro chapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za ndege kuti mutseke ma radiation ake kumlengalenga.

Mfundo 9: Mu bolodi la multilayer, ndege yaikulu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu (ndege yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri) ya bolodi limodzi iyenera kukhala pafupi ndi ndege yake yapansi.

Chifukwa: Ndege yamphamvu yoyandikana ndi ndege yapansi panthaka imatha kuchepetsa gawo lozungulira lamagetsi.

Mfundo ya 10: Pa bolodi lagawo limodzi, payenera kukhala waya wapansi pafupi ndi kufanana ndi kufufuza mphamvu.

Chifukwa: chepetsani dera lamagetsi apano.

Mfundo 11: Pa bolodi la magawo awiri, payenera kukhala waya pansi pafupi ndi kufanana ndi kufufuza mphamvu.

Chifukwa: chepetsani dera lamagetsi apano.

Mfundo 12: Pamapangidwe osanjikiza, yesetsani kupewa zigawo zoyandikana nazo. Ngati sizingalephereke kuti zigawo za mawaya zili pafupi wina ndi mzake, kusiyana pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za mawaya kuyenera kuwonjezereka moyenerera, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa chingwe cha mawaya ndi kayendedwe kake ka chizindikiro kuyenera kuchepetsedwa.

Chifukwa: Zizindikiro zofananira pamagawo oyandikana nawo zimatha kuyambitsa ma signal crosstalk.

Mfundo 13: Magawo oyandikana ndi ndege akuyenera kupewa kuphatikizika kwa ndege zolozera.

Chifukwa: Pamene zolozerazo zikudutsana, mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa zigawozo imapangitsa phokoso pakati pa zigawozo kuti zigwirizane.

Mfundo 14: Mukamapanga masanjidwe a PCB, samalani bwino za kapangidwe kake kakuyika mzere wowongoka motsatira njira yoyendera ma siginecha, ndipo yesetsani kupewa kuzungulira mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo.

Chifukwa: Pewani kulumikizana kwachindunji ndikusintha mawonekedwe azizindikiro.

Mfundo 15: Pamene ma module angapo aikidwa pa PCB yomweyo, mabwalo a digito ndi ma analogi, ndi maulendo othamanga kwambiri ndi otsika ayenera kuikidwa mosiyana.

Chifukwa: Pewani kusokonezana pakati pa mabwalo a digito, ma analogi, mabwalo othamanga kwambiri, ndi mabwalo otsika kwambiri.

Mfundo ya 16: Pakakhala mabwalo apamwamba, apakati, ndi otsika kwambiri pa bolodi la dera panthawi imodzimodziyo, tsatirani mabwalo othamanga kwambiri komanso apakati ndipo khalani kutali ndi mawonekedwe.

Chifukwa: Pewani phokoso lozungulira kwambiri kuti lisatulukire kunja kudzera mu mawonekedwe.

Mfundo ya 17: Kusungirako mphamvu ndi ma capacitor apamwamba-frequency frequency ayenera kuikidwa pafupi ndi ma unit circuits kapena zipangizo zomwe zili ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwaposachedwa (monga ma modules amagetsi: zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa, mafani ndi ma relay).

Chifukwa: Kukhalapo kwa ma capacitor osungira mphamvu kumatha kuchepetsa malo ozungulira a malupu akulu apano.

Mfundo 18: Dongosolo la fyuluta la doko lolowera mphamvu la board board liyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mawonekedwe. Chifukwa: kuteteza mzere womwe wasefedwa kuti usalumikizidwenso.

Mfundo 19: Pa PCB, zosefera, chitetezo ndi kudzipatula pagawo la mawonekedwe ziyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mawonekedwe.

Chifukwa: Ikhoza kukwaniritsa zotsatira za chitetezo, kusefa ndi kudzipatula.

Mfundo ya 20: Ngati pali zonse zosefera ndi zozungulira zotetezera pamawonekedwe, mfundo yachitetezo choyamba ndikusefa iyenera kutsatiridwa.

Chifukwa: Dera lodzitchinjiriza limagwiritsidwa ntchito kupondereza kuchulukira kwakunja ndi overcurrent. Ngati dera lodzitchinjiriza litayikidwa pambuyo pa sefa, gawo la fyuluta lidzawonongeka chifukwa cha overvoltage ndi overcurrent.