M’zaka zaposachedwa, kuti akwaniritse zosowa zazinthu zazing’ono zamagetsi zamagetsi, kuphatikiza kwa chip kukukulira, kutalikirana kwa BGA kumayandikira kwambiri (ochepera kapena ofanana ndi 0.4pitch), Mawonekedwe a PCB akukhala ochulukirachulukira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe kukukulira kukulira. Teknoloji ya Anylayer (yosasinthasintha) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ikwaniritse kapangidwe kake kosakhudza magwiridwe antchito monga kukhulupirika kwa siginecha, Iyi ndi ALIVH iliyonse yosanjikiza IVH yopanga multilayer board yolumikizira.
Makhalidwe apamwamba amtundu uliwonse kudzera pabowo
Poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe aukadaulo wa HDI, mwayi wa ALIVH ndikuti ufulu wamapangidwe umakulitsidwa kwambiri ndipo mabowo amatha kukhomedwa momasuka pakati pa zigawo, zomwe sizingatheke ndi ukadaulo wa HDI. Nthawi zambiri, opanga zoweta amakwaniritsa zovuta, ndiye kuti malire a HDI ndiye gulu lachitatu la HDI. Chifukwa HDI siyikutsatira kwathunthu kubowola kwa laser, ndipo dzenje loyikiridwa mkatikati limagwiritsa ntchito mabowo, zofunikira za disc ya dzenje ndizokulirapo kuposa mabowo a laser, ndipo mabowo amakinawo amakhala pamalowo. Chifukwa chake, polankhula, poyerekeza ndi kubowoleza kwaukadaulo kwaukadaulo wa ALIVH, pore m’mimba mwake mwa mbale yamkati yamkati imatha kugwiritsanso ntchito ma micropores a 0.2mm, womwe ndi mpata waukulu. Chifukwa chake, malo ochezera a ALIVH bolodi mwina ndiokwera kwambiri kuposa a HDI. Nthawi yomweyo, mtengo ndi kusinthasintha kwa ALIVH kulinso kokulirapo kuposa njira ya HDI. Monga tawonera pa Chithunzi 3, ndi chithunzi cha ALIVH.
Zovuta zamapangidwe a vias mulingo uliwonse
Kusanjikiza kosasunthika kudzera paukadaulo kumasokoneza kwathunthu miyambo kudzera pa kapangidwe kake. Ngati mukufunabe kukhazikitsa vias m’magawo osiyanasiyana, ziziwonjezera kuvuta kwa kasamalidwe. Chojambulachi chimayenera kukhala ndi kuthekera koboola kanzeru, ndipo kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndikugawana mwakufuna.
Cadence imawonjezeranso njira yolowera m’malo mwa waya pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosanjikiza yolumikizira waya potengera waya wosinthira, monga zikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 4: mutha kuwona zosanjikiza zomwe zingagwire mzere wolumikizira mgawo logwirira ntchito, kenako dinani kawiri bowo kusankha wosanjikiza aliyense m’malo waya.
Chitsanzo cha kapangidwe ka ALIVH ndi kapangidwe ka mbale:
Mapangidwe 10 osanja a ELIC
Nsanja ya OMAP4
Kumizidwa kukaniza, mphamvu m’manda ndi zida zophatikizidwa
Kuphatikiza kwapamwamba komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zazing’ono pamagetsi kumafunika kuti munthu azitha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti mwachangu komanso malo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Pakadali pano dalirani ukadaulo wa 4-n-4 HDI. Komabe, kuti tikwaniritse kulumikizana kwapamwamba kwam’badwo wotsatira waukadaulo watsopano, pamundawu, kuphatikizira zinthu zopanda kanthu kapena zogwira ntchito mu PCB ndi gawo lapansi zitha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pamwambapa. Mukamapanga mafoni am’manja, makamera a digito ndi zinthu zina zamagetsi zamagetsi, ndizomwe mungasankhe pakadali pano kuti muganizire momwe mungaphatikizire zinthu zopanda kanthu komanso zogwira ntchito mu PCB ndi gawo lapansi. Njirayi ikhoza kukhala yosiyana pang’ono chifukwa mumagwiritsa ntchito ogulitsa osiyanasiyana. Ubwino wina wazinthu zophatikizidwa ndikuti ukadaulo umateteza zinthu zanzeru ku zomwe zimatchedwa kuti mapangidwe obwezera. Mkonzi wa Allegro PCB atha kupereka mayankho m’makampani. Mkonzi wa Allegro PCB amathanso kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi bolodi la HDI, bolodi losinthasintha komanso magawo ophatikizidwa. Mutha kupeza magawo ndi zopinga zoyenera kuti mumalize kukonza magawo ophatikizidwa. Kapangidwe kazida zophatikizidwa sizingowonjezera njira za SMT, komanso zimathandizanso kukhala ndi ukhondo wazogulitsa.
Kumizidwa kukaniza ndi kapangidwe kamphamvu
Kumizidwa kukaniza, amatchedwanso kukana m’manda kapena kukana filimu, ndi akanikizire wapadera kukana zinthu pa gawo lapansi chimateteza, ndiye kupeza chofunika kukana mtengo mwa kusindikiza, etching ndi njira zina, ndiyeno akanikizire pamodzi ndi zigawo zina PCB kupanga ndege yosanjikiza wosanjikiza. Ukadaulo wamba wopanga wa PTFE woyimilira kukana bolodi losindikizidwa la multilayer ukhoza kukwaniritsa kukana kofunikira.
Capacitance m’manda amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi mkulu capacitance osalimba ndi amachepetsa mtunda pakati pa zigawo kupanga lalikulu mokwanira yapakati mbale capacitance kuchita mbali decoupling ndi zosefera dongosolo magetsi, kuti kuchepetsa discrete capacitance zofunika pa bolodi ndi khalani ndi mawonekedwe abwino azosefera pafupipafupi. Chifukwa inductance ya parasitic ya capacitance yoyikidwa ndiyochepa kwambiri, malo ake opumira pafupipafupi adzakhala abwinoko kuposa capacitance wamba kapena mphamvu zochepa za ESL.
Chifukwa cha kukhwima kwa njira ndi ukadaulo komanso kufunika kwa kapangidwe kothamanga kwambiri ka makina opangira magetsi, ukadaulo wamakina oyikiratu umagwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamphamvu m’manda, choyamba tiyenera kuwerengera kukula kwa bolodi lathyathyathya (Chithunzi 6).
Zomwe:
C ndi capacitance wa m’manda capacitance (mbale capacitance)
A ndi dera la mbale zathyathyathya. M’mapangidwe ambiri, zimakhala zovuta kuwonjezera dera pakati pa mbale zathyathyathya dongosolo likatsimikizika
D_ K ndiye kusintha kwa dielectric wapakatikati pakati pa mbale, ndipo kuthekera pakati pama mbale ndikofanana ndendende ndi mawonekedwe a dielectric
K ndi vacuum permittivity, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti vacuum permittivity. Ndiwokhazikika pathupi ndi mtengo wa 8.854 187 818 × 10-12 farad / M (F / M);
H ndiye makulidwe pakati pa ndege, ndipo kuthekera pakati pa mbale ndikofanana ndi makulidwe. Chifukwa chake, ngati tikufuna kupeza capacitance yayikulu, tifunika kuchepetsa makulidwe a interlayer. 3M c-ply m’manda capacitance zakuthupi zimatha kukwaniritsa ma dielectric makulidwe a 0.56mil, ndipo nthawi zonse dielectric ya 16 imakulitsa kwambiri capacitance pakati pama mbale.
Pambuyo powerengera, 3M c-ply yomwe idayikidwa ma capacitance imatha kukwaniritsa kuphatikizika kwa mbale ya 6.42nf pa inchi imodzi.
Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito chida chofanizira cha PI kuti mutheze kutsata kwa PDN, kuti muwone kapangidwe kake ka boardit imodzi ndikupewa mapangidwe owerengeka a capacitance oyikidwiratu komanso ma discrete capacitance. Chithunzi 7 chikuwonetsa zotsatira zoyeserera za PI zakukula kwamphamvu, pongoganizira momwe ma board board angapangire popanda kuwonjezera kukhudzika kwa discrete. Titha kuwona kuti pokhapokha pakuwonjezera mphamvu yakukwiriridwa, magwiridwe antchito a mphamvu yonse yamagetsi amathandizidwa bwino, makamaka pamwambapa 500MHz, yomwe ndi band ya pafupipafupi momwe bolodi limayendera fyuluta capacitor ndizovuta kugwira ntchito. Bolodi capacitor imatha kuchepetsa kuthekera kwamagetsi.