Cholinga chachikulu cha kuyesaku ndikutsimikizira kukana kutulutsa kwa ma electrostatic (ESD) komwe kumachitika chifukwa choyandikira kapena kulumikizana ndi chinthu kapena munthu kapena chida. Chinthu kapena munthu amatha kudziunjikira ndalama zamagetsi mkati mwamphamvu yoposa 15kv. Zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti zolephera zambiri zomwe sizinafotokozeredwe zimayambitsidwa ndi ESD. Potulutsa pa simulator ya ESD kupita pamwamba ndi pafupi ndi EUT, chida choyesera (EUT) chimagwira ntchito za ESD. Kukula kwakutulutsa kumafotokozedwa bwino pamiyeso yazogulitsa ndi mapulani a mayeso a EMC okonzedwa ndi wopanga. EUT imayang’ana zolephera kapena kusokonekera m’njira zake zonse. Njira zopitilira / kulephera ziyenera kufotokozedwa mu kuyesa kwa EMC ndikukhazikitsidwa ndi wopanga malonda.

PCB kukaniza kwakanthawi kochepa

Cholinga chachikulu cha kuyesaku ndikutsimikizira kukana kwa EUT kuzinthu zosakhalitsa komanso zazifupi ndi nthawi yofulumira yomwe ingapangidwe ndimitundumitundu kapena olumikizirana. Kuchuluka kwanthawi yayitali komanso kubwerezabwereza kwa mayesowa kumapangitsa kuti ma spike awa azilowera mosavuta ma circuits a EUT ndipo atha kusokoneza ntchito za EUT. Ma transients omwe amachita molunjika pamagetsi akulu ndi kuloleza kwa mzere wazizindikiro. M’mayeso ena a chitetezo cha PCB, EUT iyenera kuyang’aniridwa mopitilira / kulephera pogwiritsa ntchito kasinthidwe kantchito.

Kukaniza kwa PCB pama radiation yamagetsi yamagetsi

Cholinga chachikulu cha kuyesaku ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mankhwala a PCB odana ndi zosokoneza amalimbana ndi mawailesi, ma transceivers, mafoni a GSM / AMPS, ndi magawo osiyanasiyana amagetsi opangidwa kuchokera kumagwero amagetsi opanga mafakitale. Ngati dongosololi silikutetezedwa, ma radiation amagetsi amatha kulumikizidwa ndi chingwe cholumikizira ndikulowetsa njirayo kudzera panjira yopita; Kapena imatha kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi kulumikizidwa kwa dera losindikizidwa. Matalikidwe a rf yamagetsi yamagetsi ikakhala yokwanira, ma voliyumu oyendetsedwa ndi wonyamula katundu amatha kukhudza magwiridwe antchito a chipangizocho.

Kukana kwa ma radiation a PCB Mayeso oyeserera Mayesowa nthawi zambiri amakhala aatali kwambiri komanso ovuta kwambiri, ofuna zida zokwera mtengo kwambiri komanso zokumana nazo zambiri. Mosiyana ndi mayeso ena a chitetezo cha PCB, njira zopambana / kulephera zomwe wopanga adalemba ndi dongosolo loyesa ziyenera kutumizidwa kuchipinda choyesera. Mukamadyetsa EUT m’munda wama radiation, EUT iyenera kukhazikitsidwa mwanjira yoyenera komanso njira yovuta kwambiri.

Ntchito yabwinobwino iyenera kukhazikitsidwa mchipinda choyesera EUT ikakumana ndi magawo osokoneza omwe ma frequency awo amapitilira 80MHz mpaka 1GHz pafupipafupi. Miyezo ina yotsutsana ndi zosokoneza ya PCB imayamba pa 27MHz. Kukula kwake muyezo uwu kumafunikira kuchuluka kwa PCB kwa 1V / m, 3V / m, kapena 10V / m. Komabe, zida zamagetsi zitha kukhala ndi zofunikira zawo pamafupipafupi a “zovuta (zosokoneza)”. Mulingo woyenera wa ma radiation wa PCB wazomwe akuchita ndizosangalatsa kwa wopanga.

Zofunikira zogwirizana pamtundu Watsopano wa PCB kusokoneza kukakamira EN50082-1: 1997 kumatanthauza IEC / EN61000-4-3. IEC / EN61000-4-3 imafuna malo ogwirizana oyeserera potengera zitsanzo za mayeso. Malo oyeserera adakwaniritsidwa mchipinda cha anechoic chokhala ndi matailosi omwe adakonzedwa ndi ma ferrite kuti aletse kusinkhasinkha komanso kumveka bwino kuti athe kukhazikitsa malo ogwirizana oyeserera m’nyumba. Izi zimathetsa zolakwika mwadzidzidzi komanso mobwerezabwereza zoyeserera zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chowunikira komanso magawo azipinda zam’chipinda chosakhazikika. (Chipinda cha semi-anechoic ndi malo oyeserera poyesa kutulutsa kwa radiation m’malo abwinobwino amkati omwe amafunikira kulondola).

Ntchito yomanga zipinda zofananira ndi zipilala za RF idzakonzedwa pamakoma ndi kudenga la zipinda zoyeserera. Makaniko ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa RF akuyenera kukhala ndi matailosi olemera a ferrite omwe amakhala padenga la chipinda. Njerwa za Ferrite zimakhala pazinthu zopangira ma dielectric ndipo zimalumikizidwa kumtunda kwa chipinda. M’chipinda chopanda malire, mawonekedwe ochokera pazitsulo amatha kuyambitsa mafunde komanso maimidwe oyimirira, omwe amapanga nsonga ndi zikho mumphamvu yoyeserera. Zowoneka bwino m’chipinda chosasanjika zitha kukhala 20 mpaka 40dB, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti mayeso awoneke ngati akulephera mwadzidzidzi kumtunda wotsika kwambiri. Kukhazikika kwa chipinda kumapangitsa kuyeserera kotsika kwambiri poyeserera komanso kuchuluka kwa “kupasula”. (Izi zitha kubweretsa kupanga kopitilira muyeso kwa malonda.) PCB yatsopano yotsutsana ndi zosokoneza IEC1000-4-3, yomwe imafunikira zofunikira zomwezo pamunda, yathetsa zoperewera izi.

Ma hardware ndi mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuti apange tsamba loyeserera amafunikira cholumikizira champhamvu zamagetsi cha RF kuti ayendetsere Broadband transmitter antenna munthawi yopitilira 26MHz mpaka 2GHz, yomwe inali mita 3 kuchokera pomwe chipangizocho chikuyesedwa. Kuyesedwa kwathunthu ndi kuyerekezera pansi pa kuwongolera mapulogalamu kumapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu pakuyesa ndikuwongolera kwathunthu magawo onse ofunikira monga kuchuluka kwa sikani, nthawi yopuma pafupipafupi, kusinthasintha mphamvu ndi mphamvu zakumunda. Zipangizo zamagetsi zimalola kulumikizana kwa kuwunika ndi kukondoweza kwa magwiridwe antchito a EUT. Zowonjezera zimafunikira pakuyesa kwenikweni kuti zithandizire kusintha kwamapulogalamu oyeserera a EMC ndi magawo a EUT. Chowonjezerachi chimapatsa mwayi kuti deta yonse ilembedwe mwachangu kuti iwunikidwe bwino komanso kugawa magwiridwe antchito a EUT EMC.

Ma absorbers a piramidi Zoyeserera za piramidi zamtundu wachikhalidwe ndizothandiza, komabe kukula kwake kwa piramidi kumapangitsa kukhala kosatheka kuyesa malo ang’onoang’ono ogwiritsidwa ntchito mchipinda. Kwa mafupipafupi a 80MHz, kutalika kwa piramidi koyenera kuyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka 100cm, ndipo kuti igwire ntchito pama frequency otsika a 26MHz, kutalika kwa piramidi koyenera kuyenera kupitilira 2m. Ma absorber a piramidi amakhalanso ndi zovuta. Zimakhala zosalimba, zimawonongeka mosavuta ndi kugundana, ndipo zimatha kuyaka. Sizowonjezeranso kugwiritsa ntchito zotengera pansi pazipinda. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa piramidi, mphamvu yam’munda yoposa 200V / m kwakanthawi ingakhale ngozi yayikulu yamoto.

Chowotchera matayala a Ferrite

Matayala a Ferrite amakhala opindulitsa, komabe amawonjezera kulemera kwakukulu padenga, makoma ndi zitseko za chipinda, motero mawonekedwe amchipindacho amakhala ofunikira kwambiri. Amagwira ntchito bwino pamafupipafupi, koma amakhala osagwira ntchito pafupipafupi pamwamba pa 1GHz. Matayala a Ferrite ndi wandiweyani kwambiri (100mm × 100mm × 6mm wandiweyani) ndipo amatha kupirira mphamvu zakumunda zopitilira 1000V / m popanda chiopsezo chamoto.

Zovuta pakuyesedwa kwa ma radiation a PCB Chifukwa zida zothandizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa EUT zimapereka zisonyezo zodziwunikira momwe zikuyendera, ziyenera kukhala zosagwirizana ndi PCB pantchito yovuta iyi, yomwe imakhala yovuta poyesa kuyesa kwa radiation. Izi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zovuta, makamaka ngati zida zothandizira ndizovuta ndipo zimafunikira zingwe zambiri ndi malo olumikizira ku EUT omwe amalowetsedwa kudzera mchipinda choyeserera. Zingwe zonse zomwe zimadutsa mchipinda choyesera ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi / kapena kusefedwa kuti gawo loyeserera lizitetezedwa kwa iwo kuti lisachepetse magwiridwe antchito a chipinda choyesera. Kusagwirizana pakutchinjiriza kwa chipinda choyeserako kumatha kubweretsa kutuluka kosadziwika kwa tsamba loyeserera kumalo ozungulira, zomwe zingayambitse kusokoneza kwa ogwiritsa ntchito sipekitiramu. Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera za RF pamizere kapena mizere yama siginolo, monga ngati pali zambiri kapena pomwe maulalo azidziwitso othamanga agwiritsidwa ntchito.