Mea tatou te faʻamoemoe i le maeʻa PCB e masani lava o se foliga faʻatafata faʻalelei. E ui o le tele o ata e moni faatafafa, e tele manaʻomia laupapa ma le faʻasolosolo foliga, ia e le o taimi uma e faigofie ai ona mamanuina. This paper introduces how to design PCB with irregular shape.

Lenei aso, PCBS ua amata ona laʻititi ma sili atu ma sili atu gaioiga ua faʻaopopo i laupapa, lea, faʻatasi ai ma le faʻateleina o le uati televave, faia mamanu sili atu faigata. Ma, tatou vaʻai pe faʻafefea ona feutanaʻi ma se matagaluega laupapa ma sili atu ona faigata foliga.

As figure 1 shows, simple PCI board shapes can be easily created in most EDA Layout tools.

Ata 1: Foliga Vaaia o le masani taamilosaga laupapa PCI.

Peitaʻi, a manaʻomia e fesuiaʻiga foliga laupapa i fale faigata ma maualuga tapulaʻa, e le faigofie i le au mamanu PCB ona o gaioiga i nei mea faigaluega e le tutusa ma latou i masini CAD masini. O le laupapa laʻasaga faigata faʻaalia i le Ata 2 ua fuafuaina faapitoa mo pa-faʻamaonia fale ma e noatia i le tele faʻatapulaʻa masini. Trying to reconstruct this information in EDA tools can take a long time and be unproductive. E foliga mai ua uma ona faia e le inisinia masini le fale, matagaluega laupapa foliga, faʻaputu nofoaga pu, ma maualuga tapulaʻa manaʻomia e le PCB tisaini.

Ata 2: I lenei faʻataʻitaʻiga, e tatau ona fuafuaina le PCB e tusa ai ma faʻapitoa faʻapitoa masini ina ia mafai ona tuʻuina i totonu o pa-faʻamaonia koneteina.

Ata 2: I lenei faʻataʻitaʻiga, e tatau ona fuafuaina le PCB e tusa ai ma faʻapitoa faʻapitoa masini ina ia mafai ona tuʻuina i totonu o pa-faʻamaonia koneteina.

Ona o radians ma radii i totonu o le matagaluega laupapa, toe fausiaina mafai ona umi atu nai lo le faʻamoemoeina, tusa lava pe o le matagaluega laupapa foliga e le faigata (pei ona faʻaalia i le Ata 3).

Ata 3: Fuafuaina tele radians ma ‘eseʻese siva piʻo mafai ona umi se taimi.

Ata 3: Fuafuaina tele radians ma ‘eseʻese siva piʻo mafai ona umi se taimi.

Nei na o ni nai faʻataʻitaʻiga o lavelave matagaluega laupapa foliga. However, from today’s consumer electronics, you’d be surprised how many projects try to cram all the functionality into a small package that isn’t always rectangular. Smartphones and tablets are the first things that come to mind, but there are plenty of examples.

A e faʻafoʻi se taʻavale mautotogi, oe ono mafai ona vaʻai i se tagata faigaluega o loʻo faʻaaoga se scanner e uuina lima e faitau ai faʻamatalaga a le taʻavale ona fesoʻotaʻi lea ua leai se aoga ma le ofisa. The device is also connected to a thermal printer for instant receipt printing. E toetoe lava o nei masini uma e faʻaaoga laupapa malulu / fetuʻunaʻi (Ata 4), e fesoʻotaʻi ai laupapa PCB masani ma fetuunaʻi lolomi faʻasolosolo ina ia mafai ona gaugau i tamaʻi Avanoa.

Ata 4: Maʻaʻa / fegasoloaʻi matagaluega laupapa faʻatagaina avanoa maualuga faʻaaoga o avanoa avanoa.

Ata 4: Maʻaʻa / fegasoloaʻi matagaluega laupapa faʻatagaina avanoa maualuga faʻaaoga o avanoa avanoa.

O le fesili la, “Faʻafefea ona e faʻaulufaleina faʻauigaina masini inisinia faʻapitoa i totonu o se PCB tisaini mea faigaluega?” O le toe faʻaaogaina o nei faʻamatalaga i ata masini e faʻateʻaina ai le toe faia o se taumafaiga, ae sili ai ona taua, mea sese a tagata.

E mafai ona matou foʻia lenei faʻafitauli e ala i le faʻaulufale mai o faʻamatalaga uma i totonu ole PCB Layout software e faʻaaoga ai le DXF, IDF poʻo le ProSTEP. Ole mea lea e sefe ai le tele o taimi ma aveʻese ai le ono iai o se mea sese a tagata. Le isi, o le a tatou vaʻavaʻai atu i nei faʻatulagaina taʻitasi.

Graphics interchange format – DXF

DXF o se tasi o sili ona leva ma sili ona lautele faʻaaogaina fomu mo eletise fesuiaʻi faʻamatalaga i le va o masini ma PCB mamanu vaega. AutoCAD atiaeina i le amataga 1980s. O lenei faʻatulagaina e tele lava ina faʻaaogaina mo fesuiaʻiga o faʻamatalaga e lua. Tele PCB mea faigaluega faʻatau e lagolagoina lenei faʻatonuga, ma e faʻafaigofieina faʻamatalaga felafolafoaʻiga. DXF oloa faʻaulufale mai / auina atu i fafo manaʻomia faʻaopoopo gaioiga e faʻatonutonu ai le faaputuga, eseʻese kamupani ma iunite o le a faʻaaogaina i le fesuiaiga faʻagasologa. Ata 5 o se faʻataʻitaʻiga o le faʻaulufaleina mai laʻititi faigata laia laupapa foliga i le DXF faʻaogaina faʻaaogaina Mentor Graphics ‘PADS mea faigaluega:

Figure 5: PCB design tools (such as PADS described here) need to be able to control the various parameters required using DXF format.

Figure 5: PCB design tools (such as PADS described here) need to be able to control the various parameters required using DXF format.

I ni nai tausaga ua tuanaʻi, na amata ai ona aliali mai le 3D mea faigaluega i PCB mea faigaluega, ma sa manaʻomia se fomu e mafai ona fesiitaʻi ai faʻamatalaga 3D i le va o masini ma mea faigaluega a le PCB. Mai lenei mea, na fausia ai e le Mentor Graphics le ata o le IDF, ua leva na faʻaaoga e faʻaliliu ai le laupapa matagaluega ma faʻamatalaga o mea i le va o PCBS ma masini mea faigaluega.

E ui o le DXF format o loʻo i ai le laupapa tele ma le mafiafia, o le IDF format faʻaaogaina le X ma le Y tulaga o le vaega, o le vaega laititi numera, ma le z-au maualuga o le vaega. This format greatly improves the ability to visualize a PCB in a 3D view. Additional information about forbidden areas, such as height restrictions on the top and bottom of the board, may also be included in the IDF file.

E manaʻomia e le faiga ona faʻatonutonu mea o le a aofia i le faila IDF i se auala faʻapena i le DXF parameter Seti, pei ona faʻaalia i le Ata 6. Afai o nisi vaega e leai ni maualuga faʻamatalaga, IDF auina atu i fafo mafai ona faʻaopopo faʻamatalaga misia i le taimi o le foafoaga.

Figure 6: Parameters can be set in the PCB design tool (PADS in this example).

Figure 6: Parameters can be set in the PCB design tool (PADS in this example).

O le isi aoga o le IDF interface o se tasi o pati e mafai ona aveese le vaega i se nofoaga fou pe suia le laupapa foliga, ona faia lea o se isi faila IDF. O le le faʻamanuiaina o lenei auala o le manaʻomia lea ona e toe faʻaulufale maia atoa le faila e fai ma sui o suiga i le laupapa ma vaega, ma i nisi tulaga e mafai ona umi se taimi ona o le faila tele. In addition, it can be difficult to determine from the new IDF file what changes have been made, especially on larger boards. Users of IDF can eventually create custom scripts to determine these changes.

STEP ma ProSTEP

Ina ia mafai ona sili atu faʻasalalau tolu-itu faʻamatalaga, o loʻo sailia e le au mamanu se auala faʻalelei, STEP format na amata mai. O le STEP format mafai ona lafoina matagaluega laupapa itu ma vaega vaega, ae o le mea e sili ona taua, vaega e le toe i ai se faigofie foliga ma na o le maualuga taua. O le STEP vaega faʻataʻitaʻiga o se auiliiliga ma faigata faʻamatalaga o vaega i le tolu-dimensional fomu. Uma matagaluega laupapa ma vaega vaega mafai ona faʻaliliuina i le va o le PCB ma le masini. Peitai, e leai lava se metotia mo le sailia o suiga.

Ina ia faʻaleleia le STEP faila fesuiaiga, na matou faʻalauiloaina le ProSTEP format. This format moves the same data as IDF and STEP and has a big improvement – it can track changes and also provide the ability to work within the discipline’s original systems and review any changes once a baseline has been established. In addition to viewing changes, PCB and mechanical engineers can approve all or individual component changes in layout, board shape modifications. E mafai foi ona latou fautuaina ni laupapa eseese poʻo ni vaega o vaega. Lenei faʻaleleia fesoʻotaʻiga fausiaina se ECO (Engineering Suiga Poloaiga) i le va ECAD ma le masini au e leʻi i ai muamua (Ata 7).

Ata 7: Fautua se suiga, vaʻai le suiga i luga o le uluaʻi mea faigaluega, faʻamaonia le suiga, pe fautua se isi eseʻesega.

Ata 7: Fautua se suiga, vaʻai le suiga i luga o le uluaʻi mea faigaluega, faʻamaonia le suiga, pe fautua se isi eseʻesega.

O aso nei, o le tele o ECAD ma mechanical CAD system e lagolagoina le faʻaogaina o le ProSTEP format e faʻaleleia atili ai fesoʻotaʻiga, sefe ai le tele o taimi ma faʻaititia ai taugata mea sese e mafua mai i le faigata o le electromekanical. E le gata i lea, e mafai e inisinia ona sefe taimi e ala i le fausiaina o se laiga laiga laupapa foliga faʻatasi ai ma isi faʻafitauli ona lafoina atu lea o faʻamatalaga i luga o le eletise e aloese mai ai i se tasi le faʻauiga seseina o le matagaluega a le pulega.

faaiuga

Afai e te leʻi faʻaaogaina se tasi o nei DXF, IDF, STEP, poʻo ProSTEP faʻamaumauga faʻamatalaga e fesuiaʻi faʻamatalaga, oe tatau ona siaki a latou faʻaaogaina. Mafaufau e faʻaaoga lenei edi e taofi ai le faʻamaʻimau taimi e toe fausia ai ni foliga faigata o laupapa.