Ungawutshintsha njani umzobo wePCB?

PCB ukukopa ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-PCB cloning, ukukopisha i-PCB, ukwenza i-PCB, ukuyila umva kwe-PCB okanye ukukhula kwe-PCB.

Oko kukuthi, kwisiseko sokuba neemveliso ze-elektroniki ezibonakalayo kunye neebhodi zesekethe, uhlalutyo olungagungqiyo lweebhodi zesekethe lwenziwa ngophando lobuchwephesha kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, kunye neefayile zemveliso ye-PCB YOKUQALA, iifayile zeBOM, iifayile zesikimu zesikimu kunye namanye amaxwebhu obuchwephesha njenge Kunye neefayile zePCB zemveliso yesilika zibuyiselwa ku-1: 1.

Emva koko sebenzisa la maxwebhu obuchwephesha kunye namaxwebhu emveliso ekwenzeni ibhodi ye-PCB, i-welding yecandelo, uvavanyo lwenaliti ebhabha, ukulungisa ingxaki kwibhodi yesekethe, gcwalisa ikopi yesampulu yebhodi yesekethe.

ipcb

Uyenza njani into yokubuyela umva kwePCB yemizobo yesikimu yintoni inkqubo yokuphambuka?

Kwibhodi yokukopisha ye-PCB, abantu abaninzi abayiqondi, yintoni ibhodi yokukopa ye-PCB, abanye abantu bade bacinge ukuba ibhodi ye-PCB ekopa ikopi.

Ekuqondeni komntu wonke, i-shanzhai ithetha ukuxelisa, kodwa ukukopa kwe-PCB ngokuqinisekileyo ayisixelisi. Injongo yokukopisha i-PCB kukufunda itekhnoloji yoyilo lwesekethe lwangaphandle lwamva nje, kwaye emva koko ufunxe izikimu zoyilo ezigqwesileyo, emva koko uzisebenzise ekuphuhliseni nasekuyileni iimveliso ezingcono.

Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nobunzulu beshishini lokukopa ibhodi, ibhodi yePCP yanamhlanje yokukopa umxholo iye yandiswa kuluhlu olubanzi, ayisenamida kwibhodi yesekethe elula yokukopa kunye nokwenza izinto, kodwa ikwabandakanya nophuhliso lwesibini lweemveliso kunye nophando nophuhliso lwe iimveliso ezintsha.

Umzekelo, ngokwenza uhlalutyo lwamaxwebhu obuchwephesha kwimveliso, ukucinga kuyilo, iimpawu zobume kunye netekhnoloji yokuqonda kunye nengxoxo, inokubonelela ngohlalutyo lokunokwenzeka kuphando kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso ezintsha kunye nolwazi olunokhuphiswano, ukunceda uphando kunye noyilo lweeyunithi ukulandelela kwangexesha iindlela zophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yakutshanje, uhlengahlengiso kwangexesha ukuphucula uyilo lweemveliso, uphando kunye nophuhliso uninzi lunentengiso kwiimveliso ezintsha ezikhuphisanayo.

Inkqubo yokukopisha ibhodi ye-PCB inokuqonda uhlaziyo olukhawulezileyo, ukuphuculwa kunye nophuhliso lwesibini lweentlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso ze-elektroniki ngokukhutshwa kunye nokulungiswa kancinci kweefayile zedatha yobuchwephesha. Ngokomzobo woxwebhu kunye nomzobo wesikimu othathwe kwi-PCB yokukhuphela, abayili abaziingcali banokwandisa uyilo kwaye batshintshe i-PCB ngokweminqweno yomthengi.

Ngale ndlela, inokongeza imisebenzi emitsha kwimveliso okanye iyile kwakhona izinto ezisebenzayo, ukuze imveliso enemisebenzi emitsha ibonakale ngokukhawuleza okukhawulezayo kunye nokuma okutsha, kungekuphela nje kunamalungelo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, kodwa iphumelele Ithuba lokuqala kwimarike, izisa izibonelelo eziphindwe kabini kubathengi.

Nokuba isetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya umthetho-siseko webhodi yesekethe kunye neempawu zokusebenza kwemveliso kuphando olungagungqiyo, okanye isetyenziswe njengesiseko soyilo lwe-PCB kuyilo lwangaphambili, i-PCB schematic inendima ekhethekileyo.

Ke, ngokwexwebhu okanye into, indlela yokuqhuba umzobo we-PCB ngasemva, yintoni inkqubo ebuyela umva? Zithini iinkcukacha zokuhoya?

Amanyathelo abuyela umva:

1. Rekhoda iinkcukacha zePCB

Fumana i-PCB, okokuqala ephepheni ukurekhoda onke amacandelo emodeli, iiparameter, kunye nendawo, ngakumbi i-diode, ulwalathiso lwetyhubhu enamanqanaba amathathu, ulwalathiso lwenotshi ye-IC. Kungcono ukuthatha imifanekiso emibini yendawo ezikuyo izinto ngekhamera yedijithali. Uninzi lweebhodi ze-PCB ziqhubela phambili ngaphezulu kwe-diode triode ezinye azihoyi ukubona nje.

2. Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo

Susa zonke izinto kwaye ususe i-tin kwimingxunya ye-PAD. Coca i-PCB ngotywala kwaye uyibeke kwiskena eskena iipikseli eziphakamileyo kancinci ukuze ufumane umfanekiso obukhali.

Emva koko, polisha amanqwanqwa aphezulu kunye nezantsi kancinci ngephepha lomsonto wamanzi de ifilimu yobhedu ikhanye. Beka kwi-scanner, qalisa i-PHOTOSHOP, kwaye uhlambe iindawo ezihlukeneyo ngombala.

Qaphela ukuba i-PCB kufuneka ibekwe ngokuthe tye kwaye ngokuthe nkqo kwiskena, kungenjalo umfanekiso ovavanyiweyo awunakusetyenziswa.

3. Lungisa kwaye ulungise umfanekiso

Lungisa umahluko kunye nokukhanya kwe-tovas, ukuze indawo ngefilimu yobhedu kunye nenxalenye ngaphandle kobhedu lwefilimu ngokungafaniyo, emva koko ujike umhlathana kumnyama nomhlophe, jonga ukuba imigca icacile, ukuba akunjalo, phinda eli nyathelo. Ukuba icacile, umfanekiso uya kugcinwa njengefayile yeBMP emnyama kunye nemhlophe TOP BMP kunye neBOT BMP, ukuba inani lifunyenwe linengxaki linokulungiswa kwaye lilungiswe ngeFOTSHOPHOP.

4. Qinisekisa i-PAD kunye ne-VIA ngengozi yokuma

Guqula iifayile ezimbini ze-BMP kwiifayile ze-PROTEL ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye ugqithisele ii-layile ezimbini kwi-PROTEL. Umzekelo, isikhundla se-PAD kunye ne-VIA emva kwamanqanaba amabini ahambelana ngokuchanekileyo, ebonisa ukuba amanyathelo angaphambili enziwe kakuhle. Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukuphambuka, phinda inyathelo lesithathu. Ke ngoko, ukukopisha ibhodi ye-PCB ngumsebenzi onomonde kakhulu, kuba ingxaki encinci iya kuchaphazela umgangatho kunye nenqanaba lokuthelekisa emva kokukopa kwebhodi.

5. Zoba umaleko

Guqula TOP umaleko we-BMP ube yi-TOP PCB, qiniseka ukuguqula umaleko we-SILK, umaleko otyheli, emva koko ulandele umgca kwilayini ephezulu, kwaye ubeke isixhobo ngokokuzoba kwinyathelo 2. Cima umaleko weSILK emva kokupeyinta. Phinda de ube uzobe zonke iileya.

6. Umdibaniso we-TOP PCB kunye ne-BOT PCB

Yongeza i-TOP PCB kunye ne-BOT PCB kwi-PROTEL kwaye uzidibanise zibe ngumfanekiso omnye.

7.Ukuprintwa kwe-Laser TOP LAYER, BOTTOM LAYER

Sebenzisa umshicileli we-laser ukuprinta i-TOP LAYER kunye ne-BOTTOM LAYER kwifilimu ebonakalayo (1: 1 ratio), beka ifilimu kuloo PCB kwaye uthelekise ukuba ayilunganga, ukuba ilungile, ugqibile.

Uvavanyo 8.

Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-elektroniki kwebhodi yekopi akufani nebhodi yoqobo. Ukuba iyafana ke yenzekile.

Okwesibini, nikela ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha

1. Yahlula ngokufanelekileyo iindawo ezisebenzayo

Xa ujika umva uyilo lwesikimu se-PCB esime kakuhle, ulwahlulo olufanelekileyo lweendawo ezisebenzayo lunokunceda iinjineli zinciphise ingxaki engeyomfuneko kwaye ziphucule ukusebenza komzobo.

Ngokubanzi, izinto ezinomsebenzi ofanayo kwibhodi ye-PCB ziya kulungiswa kwindawo esembindini, ukuze ukwahlula okusebenzayo kweendawo kubonelele ngesiseko esifanelekileyo nesichanekileyo sokubuyisela umzobo wesikimu.

Nangona kunjalo, ukwahlulwa kwale ndawo yokusebenza akungqinelani. Ifuna iinjineli ukuba zibe nokuqonda okuthile kolwazi olunxulumene nesekethe lwe-elektroniki.

Kuqala kwinto zonke, khangela izinto ezingundoqo zeyunithi esebenzayo, kwaye emva kokudityaniswa kwentambo kunokukhangelwa ukufumanisa amanye amacandelo asebenza ngokulinganayo, ukuyilwa kwesahlulelo esisebenzayo.

Ukusekwa kwesahlulelo esisebenzayo sisiseko somzobo wobugcisa. Ukongeza, ungalibali ukusebenzisa inombolo yecandelo kwibhodi yesekethe ukukunceda ukwahlula imisebenzi ngokukhawuleza.

2. Fumana isiqwenga sesiseko esifanelekileyo

Esi siqwenga sesalathiso sinokuthi sisona sixhobo siphambili senethiwekhi ye-PCB kwisiqalo sokuzoba. Emva kokumisela iziqwenga zesalathiso, ukuzoba ngokungqinelana nezikhonkwane zala maqhekeza kunokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komzobo wesikimu kwinqanaba elikhulu.

Ibhentshi yeenjineli, ngokuqinisekileyo ayizizo izinto ezinzima kakhulu, ngokubanzi, inokukhetha ukudlala indima ekhokelayo kwizinto zesekethe njengebhentshi, ubukhulu becala zikhulu, zikhonkotha ngakumbi, ukuzoba okufanelekileyo, okunje ngesekethe edityanisiweyo, isiguquli, itransistor, njl. ., Zilungele njengomgangatho.

3. Yahlula ngokuchanekileyo imigca kwaye uzobe intambo efanelekileyo

Ukwahlulahlula ucingo emhlabeni, umgca wamandla kunye nomgca wesiginali, iinjineli nazo kufuneka zibe nolwazi olufanelekileyo lokunikezelwa kwamandla, uqhagamshelo lwesekethe, iintambo zePCB njalo njalo. Ukwahlula kwezi setyhula kungacazululwa kunxibelelwano lwezinto, ububanzi beefoyile zobhedu kunye neempawu zeemveliso zombane ngokwazo.

Kumzobo we-wiring, ukunqanda ukuwela umgca kunye nokuntywila, umhlaba ungasebenzisa inani elikhulu leesimboli zokomisa umhlaba, zonke iintlobo zemigca zingasebenzisa imibala eyahlukeneyo yemigca eyahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyaqondakala ngokucacileyo, kuba zonke iintlobo zamacandelo zingasebenzisa ezizodwa imiqondiso, kwaye unokwahlulahlula umzobo wesekethe, emva koko udityaniswe.

4. Yazi kakuhle inkqubo-sikhokelo esisiseko kwaye ujonge kwimizobo efanayo efanayo

Kwindlela ethile esisiseko yokwenziwa kwesakhelo se-elektroniki kunye nendlela yokudweba imigaqo, iinjineli kufuneka zikwazi, kungekuphela nje ukuba zikwazi ukuzoba ulwakhiwo olulula, olusisiseko lweyunithi yesekethe ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa ikwenze isakhelo esipheleleyo seesekethe zombane.

Kwelinye icala, ungayihoyi into yokuba uhlobo olufanayo lweemveliso ze-elektroniki zinokufana okuthile kumzobo wesakhelo sedolophu yenethiwekhi yePCB, iinjineli zinako ngokokuqokelelana kwamava, ukuzoba ngokupheleleyo umzobo wesekethe ofanayo ukwenza umva umtsha wento entsha Umzobo wemveliso.

5. Jonga kwaye wenze ngcono

Emva kokuba umzobo wesikimu ugqityiwe, uyilo olungagungqiyo lomzobo wePCB unokugqitywa kuphela emva kovavanyo kunye nokutshekishwa. Ixabiso lamagama ezinto ezibuthathaka kwiiparitha zokuhanjiswa kwePCB kufuneka zihlolwe kwaye zilungiselelwe. Ngokomzobo wefayile ye-PCB, umzobo wesikimu uthelekiswa, uhlalutye kwaye ujongiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umzobo wesikimu uhambelana ngokupheleleyo nomzobo wefayile.