Iqhaza lesendlalelo ngasinye ebhodini le-PCB nokucatshangelwa kokuklama

Abaningi PCB abathandi bomklamo, ikakhulukazi abasaqalayo, abaziqondi ngokugcwele izendlalelo ezihlukahlukene ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB. Abawazi umsebenzi nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Nansi incazelo ehlelekile yawo wonke umuntu:

1. Isendlalelo semishini, njengoba negama lisho, ukubukeka kwayo yonke ibhodi ye-PCB yokubunjwa komshini. Eqinisweni, uma sikhuluma ngongqimba lwemishini, sisho ukubukeka okuphelele kwebhodi le-PCB. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukusetha ubukhulu bebhodi lesifunda, amamaki edatha, amamaki okuqondanisa, imiyalelo yomhlangano kanye nolunye ulwazi lwemishini. Lolu lwazi luyahlukahluka kuye ngezidingo zenkampani yokuklama noma umkhiqizi we-PCB. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isendlalelo esisebenza ngomshini singangezwa kwezinye izendlalelo ukuze sikhiphe futhi siboniswe ndawonye.

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2. Gcina ngaphandle ungqimba (ungqimba lwezintambo olungavunyelwe), olusetshenziselwa ukuchaza indawo lapho izingxenye nezintambo zingafakwa khona ngempumelelo ebhodini lesifunda. Dweba indawo evaliwe kulesi sendlalelo njengendawo esebenzayo yomzila. Isakhiwo esizenzakalelayo nomzila akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwale ndawo. Isendlalelo sezintambo ezenqatshelwe sichaza umngcele lapho sibeka izici zikagesi zethusi. Okusho ukuthi, ngemva kokuba siqale sichaze isendlalelo se-wiring esenqatshelwe, inqubo ye-wiring yesikhathi esizayo, i-wiring enezici zikagesi ayikwazi ukudlula i-wiring enqatshelwe. Emngceleni wesendlalelo, kuvame ukuba nomkhuba wokusebenzisa isendlalelo se-Keepout njengesendlalelo somshini. Le ndlela empeleni ayilungile, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi wenze umehluko, ngaphandle kwalokho imboni yebhodi kuzodingeka iguqule izimfanelo zakho ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho ukhiqiza.

3. Isendlalelo sesignali: Isendlalelo sesignali sisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuhlela izintambo ebhodini lesifunda. Kuhlanganisa ungqimba oluPhezulu (ungqimba olungaphezulu), isendlalelo esingezansi (ungqimba olungezansi) no-30 MidLayer (ungqimba oluphakathi). Izendlalelo eziphezulu nezingezansi zibeka amadivaysi, futhi izendlalelo zangaphakathi ziyahanjiswa.

4. Top paste and Bottom paste are the top and bottom pad stencil layers, which are the same size as the pads. This is mainly because we can use these two layers to make the stencil when we do SMT. Just dug a hole the size of a pad on the net, and then we cover the stencil on the PCB board, and apply the solder paste evenly with a brush with solder paste, as shown in Figure 2-1.

5. I-Top Solder ne-Bottom Solder Lena imaski ye-solder ukuvimbela amafutha aluhlaza ukuthi angambozwa. Sivame ukuthi “vula iwindi”. Ithusi elivamile noma izintambo zimbozwe ngamafutha aluhlaza ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma sisebenzisa imaski ye-solder ngokufanele Uma iphathwa, izovimbela amafutha aluhlaza ukuba angayimbozi futhi aveze ithusi. Umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili ungabonakala esithombeni esilandelayo:

6. Ungqimba lwendiza yangaphakathi (amandla angaphakathi/ungqimba lomhlabathi): Lolu hlobo lwesendlalelo lusetshenziselwa kuphela amabhodi ezendlalelo eziningi, ikakhulukazi asetshenziselwa ukuhlela izintambo zikagesi nemigqa yaphansi. Sibiza amabhodi anezingqimba ezimbili, amabhodi anezingqimba ezine, namabhodi anezingqimba eziyisithupha. Inani lezendlalelo zesignali namandla angaphakathi/izendlalelo zaphansi.

7. Isendlalelo sesikrini sikasilika: Isendlalelo sesikrini sikasilika sisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukubeka ulwazi oluphrintiwe, olufana nezinhlaka zengxenye namalebula, izinhlamvu zezichasiselo ezihlukahlukene, njll. I-Altium inikeza izendlalelo ezimbili zesikrini sikasilika, I-Top Overlay kanye ne-Bottom Overlay, ukubeka amafayela esikrini sikasilika aphezulu kanye amafayela esikrini sikasilika aphansi ngokulandelana.

8. Ungqimba oluningi (ungqimba oluningi): Amaphedi nama-vias angena ebhodini lesekethe kufanele angene ebhodini lesekethe futhi asungule ukuxhumana kukagesi ngezingqimba zephethini yokuqhuba ezihlukene. Ngakho-ke, isistimu imise isendlalelo esingabonakali-sendlalelo esiningi . Ngokuvamile, ama-pads kanye nama-vias kufanele ahlelwe ngezingqimba eziningi. Uma lesi singqimba sivaliwe, amaphedi nama-vias awakwazi ukuboniswa.

9. I-Drill Drawing (ungqimba lokubhoboza): Isendlalelo sokumba sinikeza ulwazi lokumba ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza ibhodi lesifunda (njengamaphedi, ama-vias adinga ukubhola). I-Altium inikeza izendlalelo ezimbili zokumba: Igridi yokumba kanye nomdwebo we-Drill.