I. Isingeniso

Izindlela zokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka ku- PCB ibhodi yilezi:

1. Yehlisa indawo yesiginali yemodi yokuhlukanisa.

2. Yehlisa ukubuya komsindo wemvamisa ephezulu (ukuhlunga, ukuzihlukanisa nokumatanisa).

3. Yehlisa i-voltage yemodi evamile (i-grounding design). Izimiso ezingama-47 zokuklama kwe-PCB EMC yesivinini esikhulu II. Isifinyezo sezimiso zokuklama ze-PCB

Isimiso 1: Iwashi lewashi le-PCB lidlula u-5MHZ noma isikhathi sokukhuphuka kwesignali singaphansi kwama-5ns, ngokuvamile kudingeka kusetshenziswe ukwakheka kwebhodi lezendlalelo eziningi.

Isizathu: Indawo ye-signal loop ingalawulwa kahle ngokwamukela ukwakheka kwebhodi lezendlalelo eziningi.

Isimiso sesi-2: Kumabhodi anezingqimba eziningi, izingqimba zezintambo eziyinhloko (izingqimba lapho imigqa yewashi, amabhasi, imigqa yesignali yesixhumi esibonakalayo, imigqa yamafrikhwensi omsakazo, ukusetha kabusha imigqa yesignali, imigqa yesignali yokukhetha i-chip, kanye nemigqa yesignali yokulawula ehlukahlukene) kufanele ibe eduze. endizeni ephelele yaphansi. Okungcono phakathi kwezindiza ezimbili eziphansi.

Isizathu: Imigqa yesignali ebalulekile ngokuvamile imisebe eqinile noma imigqa yesignali ebucayi kakhulu. Izintambo eziseduze nendiza yaphansi zinganciphisa indawo yeluphu yesiginali, kunciphise ukushuba kwemisebe noma kuthuthukise ikhono lokunqanda ukuphazamiseka.

Isimiso sesi-3: Kumabhodi anongqimba olulodwa, izinhlangothi zombili zemigqa yesignali ebalulekile kufanele zimbozwe phansi.

Isizathu: Isiginali eyisihluthulelo imbozwe ngomhlabathi nhlangothi zombili, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inganciphisa indawo ye-loop yesiginali, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingavimbela ukuphambana phakathi komugqa wesiginali neminye imigqa yesiginali.

Isimiso sesi-4: Ebhodini elinezingqimba ezimbili, indawo enkulu yomhlabathi kufanele ibekwe endizeni yokuqagela yomugqa wesiginali yokhiye, noma ifane nebhodi elinohlangothi olulodwa.

Isizathu: kufana nokuthi isignali eyinhloko yebhodi le-multilayer iseduze nendiza yaphansi.

Isimiso sesi-5: Ebhodini lezingqimba eziningi, indiza yamandla kufanele ihoxiswe ngo-5H-20H uma kuqhathaniswa nendiza yayo yaphansi eseduze (H ibanga eliphakathi kokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nendiza yaphansi).

Isizathu: Ukuhlehliswa kwendiza yamandla ngokuhlobene nendiza yayo ebuyayo kungacindezela ngempumelelo inkinga yemisebe esemaphethelweni.

Isimiso sesi-6: Indiza yokuqagela yongqimba lwezintambo kufanele ibe sendaweni yongqimba lwendiza egeleza kabusha.

Isizathu: Uma ungqimba lwezintambo lungekho endaweni yokuqagela yongqimba lwendiza egeleza kabusha, luzodala izinkinga zemisebe enqenqemeni futhi lwandise indawo yeluphu yesiginali, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwemisebe yemodi yokuhlukanisa.

Isimiso sesi-7: Kumabhodi anezendlalelo eziningi, akumele kube nemigqa yesignali emikhulu kuno-50MHZ OKUPHEZULU kanye nezendlalelo ze-BOTTOM zebhodi elilodwa. Isizathu: Kungcono ukuhamba isignali yefrikhwensi ephezulu phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili zendiza ukuze ucindezele imisebe yayo emkhathini.

Isimiso 8: Kumabhodi angawodwa anamaza okusebenza ezinga lebhodi angaphezu kuka-50MHz, uma ungqimba lwesibili kanye nongqimba olungaphambili kuyizendlalelo zezintambo, izendlalelo eziPhezulu ne-Boottom kufanele zimbozwe ngefoyili yethusi ephansi.

Isizathu: Kungcono ukuhamba isignali yefrikhwensi ephezulu phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili zendiza ukuze ucindezele imisebe yayo emkhathini.

Isimiso sesi-9: Ebhodini lezingqimba eziningi, indiza yamandla esebenzayo eyinhloko (indiza yamandla esetshenziswa kakhulu) yebhodi elilodwa kufanele ibe seduze nendiza yayo ephansi.

Isizathu: Indiza yamandla eseduze nendiza yaphansi inganciphisa ngempumelelo indawo eyiluphu yesekethe yamandla.

Isimiso 10: Ebhodini elinesendlalelo esisodwa, kufanele kube nentambo yaphansi eduze futhi ehambisana nomkhondo wamandla.

Isizathu: nciphisa indawo ye-loop yamanje yokunikezwa kwamandla.

Isimiso 11: Ebhodini elinezingqimba ezimbili, kufanele kube nentambo yaphansi eduze futhi ehambisana nomkhondo wamandla.

Isizathu: nciphisa indawo ye-loop yamanje yokunikezwa kwamandla.

Isimiso 12: Kumklamo onezingqimba, zama ukugwema izendlalelo zezintambo eziseduze. Uma kungenakugwenywa ukuthi izendlalelo zezintambo zisondele komunye nomunye, isikhala sesendlalelo phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili zezintambo kufanele sande ngokufanelekile, futhi isikhala sesendlalelo phakathi kwesendlalelo sezintambo kanye nesekhethi yesignali kufanele sincishiswe.

Isizathu: Ukulandelela isignali ehambisanayo ezandlalweni zezintambo eziseduze kungabangela i-crosstalk yesignali.

Isimiso 13: Izendlalelo zendiza eziseduze kufanele zigweme ukugqagqana kwezindiza zazo eziqagelayo.

Isizathu: Uma ama-projection edlula, amandla okuhlanganisa phakathi kwezendlalelo azobangela umsindo phakathi kwezendlalelo ukuthi umbhangqe.

Isimiso 14: Lapho uklama isakhiwo se-PCB, gcina ngokugcwele isimiso sokuklama sokubeka umugqa oqondile eduze kwendlela yokugeleza kwesignali, bese uzama ukugwema ukuzungeza emuva naphambili.

Isizathu: Gwema ukuhlangana kwesignali okuqondile futhi uthinte ikhwalithi yesignali.

Isimiso 15: Uma amasekethe amamojula amaningi ebekwe ku-PCB efanayo, amasekhethi edijithali namasekhethi e-analog, namasekhethi anesivinini esikhulu nanejubane eliphansi kufanele abekwe ngokuhlukana.

Isizathu: Gwema ukugxambukela phakathi kwamasekhethi edijithali, amasekhethi e-analog, amasekhethi anesivinini esikhulu, namasekhethi anesivinini esiphansi.

Isimiso 16: Uma kukhona amasekhethi aphezulu, aphakathi nendawo, kanye nesivinini esiphansi ngesikhathi esisodwa ebhodini lesifunda, landela amasekhethi anesivinini esikhulu namaphakathi futhi uhlale kude nesixhumi esibonakalayo.

Isizathu: Gwema umsindo wesekethe we-high-frequency kusukela ekusakazeni kuya ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo.

Isimiso 17: Ukugcinwa kwamandla kanye nama-capacitor okuhlunga ama-high-frequency filter kufanele abekwe eduze kwamasekhethi amayunithi noma amadivayisi anezinguquko ezinkulu zamanje (njengamamojula okunikezwa kwamandla kagesi: amatheminali okokufaka nokukhiphayo, amafeni nama-relay).

Isizathu: Ukuba khona kwama-capacitor okugcina amandla kunganciphisa indawo eyiluphu yamalophu amakhulu amanje.

Isimiso 18: Isekhethi yokuhlunga yembobo yokufaka amandla yebhodi lesifunda kufanele ibekwe eduze kwesixhumi esibonakalayo. Isizathu: ukuvimbela ulayini ohlungiwe ukuthi uhlanganiswe futhi.

Isimiso 19: Ku-PCB, izingxenye zokuhlunga, zokuvikela nezihlukanisayo zesekethe yesixhumi esibonakalayo kufanele zibekwe eduze kwesixhumi esibonakalayo.

Isizathu: Ingakwazi ukufeza ngempumelelo imiphumela yokuvikela, ukuhlunga kanye nokuzihlukanisa.

Isimiso 20: Uma kukhona kokubili okokuhlunga kanye nesekhethi yokuvikela kusixhumi esibonakalayo, umgomo wokuvikela kuqala bese ukuhlunga kufanele kulandelwe.

Isizathu: Isekhethi yokuvikela isetshenziselwa ukucindezela ukugcwala kwangaphandle kanye ne-overcurrent. Uma isifunda sokuvikela sibekwe ngemuva komjikelezo wesihlungi, isifunda sokuhlunga sizolimazwa yi-overvoltage kanye ne-overcurrent.