Ma lalo o maʻamau PCB nā kūlana hoʻolālā, nā hopena aʻe e hoʻopili i ka impedance e ka hana PCB:

1. Kūlike ka mānoanoa o ka dielectric layer i ka waiwai impedance.

2. Kūlike kūlike ʻo Dielectric i ka waiwai impedance.

3. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka pepa keleawe keleawe i ka waiwai impedance.

4. Kūlike kūlike ka laulā laina i ka waiwai impedance.

5. Ka mānoanoa o ka inika a me ka waiwai impedance kūlike kūlike.

No laila pono mākou e nānā i nā helu i luna ke kaohi ʻana i ka impedance.