Kusindikizidwa bolodi dera imagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ukadaulo. Komabe, zimakhala zotsika mtengo kwambiri pakuyesa malingaliro musanapite pakupanga kwa PCB. Ma board a PCB amaloleza malingaliro kuti avomerezedwe motchipa asanasindikizidwe kwathunthu.

M’nkhaniyi, tikambirana mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ilipo komanso momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito matabwa a PCB kukonza mapulani omaliza a board.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito board ya PCB

Musanaphunzire zambiri za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bolodi ya PCB, muyenera kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamabotolo omwe alipo.

Mbale Perforated

Magulu ogwira ntchito ndi amodzi mwamitundu yomwe ilipo. Gawoli limadziwikanso kuti kapangidwe ka “padi pabowo”, momwe bowo lililonse limakhala ndi cholumikizira chake chopangidwa ndi mkuwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito makondawa, mutha kuyesa kulumikizana kwa solder pakati pama pads. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kulumikizana pakati pa ziyangoyango pamapaleti opota.

Mzere

Monga PCBS ina yodziwika bwino, bolodi yolumikizira imakhalanso ndi mapangidwe osiyana. M’malo mokhala ndi kanyumba kamodzi kokongoletsera kalikonse, zingwe zamkuwa zimayendera limodzi ndi kutalika kwa bolodi loyendetsa mabowo, chifukwa chake dzinalo. Zingwe izi zimalowetsa mawaya omwe mutha kudumphanso.

Mitundu yonse iwiri ya ziwonetsero za PCB zimagwira bwino ntchito yokonzekera. Chifukwa mawaya amkuwa alumikizidwa kale, mapulagi amakhalanso abwino pakupanga ma circuits osavuta. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, mugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe owotchera mbale ndi waya woyeserera poyesa matabwa omwe angakhalepo.

Tsopano mwakonzeka kuphunzira zambiri zamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mawonekedwe awapangidwe mwatsatanetsatane.

kukonzekera

Ngakhale mutadziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bolodi ya PCB, simukufuna kudumphira momwemo. Ngakhale ma board prototype ndiotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa ma board board osindikizidwa, amakhalabe ndi mawonekedwe olimba kwambiri. Musanayambe kuyika zigawo zikuluzikulu, muyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yokonzekera kuti mudzapeze zotsatira zabwino.

Njira yolunjika yoyambira ndikugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yoyang’anira dera pamakompyuta. Mapulogalamu otere amakupatsani mwayi wowonera dera musanayike chilichonse. Dziwani kuti mapulogalamu ena amagwira ntchito bwino ndi Perf ndi Stripboard, pomwe ena amagwira ntchito ndi mtundu umodzi wokha, choncho konzekerani kugula matabwa oyenerana nawo moyenera.

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira yocheperako ya digito, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito mapepala apakatikati pakapangidwe ka board. Lingaliro ndiloti malo aliwonse omwe mizere imadutsa ndimabowo. Zigawo ndi mawaya amatha kujambulidwa. Ngati matabwa akugwiritsidwa ntchito, zimathandizanso kuwonetsa komwe mukufuna kusokoneza wovulalayo.

Mapulogalamu a digito amakulolani kuti musinthe malingaliro mwachangu, koma zojambulidwa ndi manja zingakuthandizeni kutsata mapulojekiti m’njira zosiyanasiyana. Mulimonsemo, musadumphe gawo lokonzekera, chifukwa mutha kusunga nthawi ndi khama pomanga Protoboard.

Kudula bolodi yoyimira

Ndi Protoboard, mwina simusowa pepala lonse. Popeza matabwawo amasiyana kukula, mungafunike kudula imodzi. Samalani, komabe, chifukwa njirayi ikhoza kukhala yovuta.

Chimodzi mwazifukwa zake ndichifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zili pa board. Kapangidwe kameneka kamadzaza pepalali ndi utomoni womwe umatsutsa kutentha kwa soldering, komwe kumathandiza mukalowa mgawoli. Chosavuta ndichakuti utomoniwu umatha kuthyola mbale yoyambirira, chifukwa chake ndibwino kusamala kwambiri.

Njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri komanso yolondola yodulira bolodi yoyeserera ndikugwiritsa ntchito rula ndi mpeni wakuthwa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito m’mphepete ngati chitsogozo chodula mizere pomwe mukufuna kudula bolodi. Bwerezani mbali inayo, kenako ikani bolodi loyang’ana m’mphepete mwa malo athyathyathya monga tebulo. Mutha kutenga bolodi mwaukhondo malingana ndi zomwe mwalemba.

Akatswiri amati chotsuka chotsuka chitha kupezeka polemba malo abowo bolodi, chifukwa palibe bolodi lokhazikika lotere lomwe limatha kuphwanya ndikuphwanya mosavuta.

Macheka amabandi ndi zida zina zamagulu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma zida izi ndizotheka kwambiri kuwononga bolodi yomwe ikuchitika.

Mkate bolodi kuvula bolodi

Ngati mwachita ntchito iliyonse ya PCB, mwina mwakumana ndi bolodi. Matabwawa ndiabwino pakupanga mapangidwe chifukwa mutha kusuntha ndikusintha zigawo kuti mumange mapulani. Matabwa a buledi amathanso kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.

Poterepa, masanjidwewo atha kusunthidwa kupita pagulu loyeserera kuti ayesenso. Kuphatikiza apo, ma ribbon ndi ma perforated prototype samachepetsa kwambiri chifukwa mutha kupanga kulumikizana kovuta kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kuchoka pa bolodi kupita pa bolodi, mutha kuthandizira kugula njira yolowera yolowera kapena kuwononga zotsalira.

Ngati mukufuna kuti madera akanthawi akhale ndi kasinthidwe kolimba komanso kosatha, kusuntha magawo kuchokera ku mkate kupita ku bolodi ndi njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri.

Dulani malembedwe

Monga tanena kale, ma PCB a riboni amakhala ndi zingwe zamkuwa pansi zomwe zimagwirizana. Komabe, simusowa kulumikiza zinthu zonse nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake muyenera kusiya izi.

Mwamwayi, zonse zomwe mukusowa ndi kubowola. Zomwe mukuyenera kuchita ndikutenga pobowola 4mm ndikusindikiza nib pakhola lomwe mukufuna kuti mutsegule. Ndikapindika pang’ono ndikukakamiza, mkuwawo amatha kudulidwa kuti apange chingwe chotchinga. Mukaphunzira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bolodi yazoyimira ziwiri za PCB, onetsetsani kuti zojambulazo zamkuwa zili mbali zonse.

Ngati mukufuna china chapamwamba kwambiri kuposa muyezo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zina kuti muchepetse malumikizowo, koma njira ya DIY imagwiranso ntchito.

mapeto

Kudziwa nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito matabwa oterewa ndi luso lalikulu kwa aliyense amene akufuna kupanga ndi kuyesa mabodi oyang’anira popanda mtengo wowasindikiza. Ndi ma board a prototype, mutha kupita patsogolo kwambiri kuti mumalize kupanga malonda anu.