Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matabwa ozungulira

The bolodi losindikizidwa kapena PCB ndi gulu thandizo thupi pamene magetsi kulumikiza zigawo zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi za dongosolo lonse. Gulu loyang’anira dera limagwiritsa ntchito ma wiring oyendetsa, padding ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimamveka kuchokera pamkuwa.

Mbali imodzi

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, PCB ya mbali imodzi imapangidwa ndi chinthu chimodzi, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti “substrate.” On top of the base is a thin foil layer made of copper. Izi zimagwira ntchito ngati kondakitala wamagetsi.

Awa ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya PCBS ndipo ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakupanga voliyumu chifukwa cha mtengo wawo wotsika. Ma board awa amapezeka kawirikawiri mu makamera, ma Calculator ndi zida za wailesi.

Amapezekanso muzojambula zosavuta zamasewera.

Mbali ziwiri

Ma board osindikizidwa a mbali ziwiri amagwira ntchito ngati matabwa osindikizidwa a mbali imodzi, koma amapangidwa pakati pa zigawo zoyendetsera mbali zonse. In addition, they are designed to have holes drilled into the plate.

These holes are placed on the board to allow the circuit to be mounted on either side of the PCB or fed through the board. Additional flexibility and conductive surfaces allow double-sided materials to be used in more advanced applications.

PCBS yokhala ndi mbali ziwiri nthawi zambiri imapezeka m’mafoni a m’manja, makina ogulitsira malonda, zowunikira magalimoto ndi zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Multilayer

Mapangidwewo ndi a mbali ziwiri ndipo amakulitsa pamenepo. Multilayer ndi gulu la PCBS zosachepera zitatu (3) za mbali ziwiri. Amatenga ukadaulo wokhazikitsidwa pano ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zawo zopangira.

Kukula ndi danga ndi ubwino waukulu wa Mipikisano wosanjikiza PCBS. Angagwiritse ntchito bolodi la multilayer m’malo mwa matabwa angapo.

Ndiwo gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamabwalo othamanga kwambiri chifukwa kukula kwawo kwa board kumalola masanjidwe oyenera owongolera ndi mphamvu.

Kuumitsa

Rigid PCBS can be single, double, or multi-layered. Kukhazikika kumatanthawuza gawo lapansi lomwe matabwa amapangidwa. When a PCB is rigid, it is, as the name implies, made of materials that resist distortion or deformation.

A very common rigid PCB is the motherboard on a computer. Zapangidwa kuti zikhale zolimba ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamalo amodzi ndi mawonekedwe.

Rigid PCBS benefit from ease of maintenance and ease of use. Mapulojekiti onse ali ndi malo ndipo amalembedwa bwino akapangidwa. Iwo sali ndi mapangidwe amodzi ndipo amatha kuchoka pagawo limodzi mpaka khumi (10) mapangidwe a PCB.

kusintha

flexible PCBS ntchito chimodzimodzi monga PCBS okhwima, koma opangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana.

Ma mbale olimba amapangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba (kutanthauza kuti azigwira mawonekedwe awo) (nthawi zambiri osakaniza a fiberglass), pomwe mbale zosinthika nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena zinthu zofanana.

Kusinthasintha kwenikweni ndiye mwayi waukulu wa PCBS wosinthika. Kuchepetsa mtengo kumatheka chifukwa cha kuthekera kwawo “kumanga” malo omwe mbale zolimba zimayenera kuyenda.

The main applications of flexible PCBS are in systems that may cause damage to the environment. Mapangidwe awo amawapangitsa kukhala osagwirizana kwambiri ndi kutentha, madzi, dzimbiri ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimatha kuwononga mbale zolimba.

Mixing and soft

Rigid-flexibility Bridges the gap between the two types built on text and graphics, which is most common in mobile phones and digital cameras.

Izi zikuphatikiza mabwalo osinthika olumikizidwa ndi mbale zolimba zingapo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mapangidwewo akhale osavuta, chifukwa amaphatikiza zinthu zonse zofunika pazigawozi kukhala gawo “limodzi”.

Kusasunthika ndi kusinthasintha kumapezekanso m’mapulogalamu azachipatala.

Aluminium kumbuyo

Kutentha kwapakati ndipakati pa PCB. Pamene kutentha kwadongosolo kumaganiziridwa, kugwiritsa ntchito aluminium backboard PCB ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri, chomwe chimaphatikizapo ubwino wina woonekeratu.

Mapangidwe a PCB ndi ofanana ndi osanjikiza amodzi kapena awiri, koma zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizosiyanasiyana.

Amakhala olimba komanso okonda zachilengedwe. Aluminiyamu ndi yopanda poizoni komanso yosavuta kuyikonzanso. On top of that, it’s incredibly cheap, it’s one of the cheapest metals in mining, and it’s cheap to make.

Kutalika kwambiri

Hf PCBS sinamangidwe m’njira yatsopano, mwachitsanzo, kufananiza limodzi ndi magawo angapo, koma tchulani mtundu wa ntchito. High frequency PCBS itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma siginecha akufunika kufalitsidwa pamitengo yoposa 1GHz. They are mainly used in large communication systems.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito PCB

Ngakhale mtundu uliwonse wa bolodi uli ndi ubwino wake, pali ubwino wambiri wogwiritsa ntchito PCB nthawi zonse.

Easy trouble shooting and maintenance

Kapangidwe, kapena “kufufuza,” kwa bolodi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzindikira zida zomwe zili ndi vuto ndikuzisintha

Remove and reattach to board

Kuchita bwino kwa: Palibe chifukwa chomanganso dera lonselo pokonza kapena kusintha

Dongosolo la dera ndi dongosolo lopangidwa kale ndipo limatenga nthawi yochepa kuti limangidwe kuposa mabwalo achikhalidwe

Phokoso lotsika: Mawonekedwe a PCB opangidwa bwino angapangitse kuti pakhale zida zamagetsi zotsika, zomwe zimadziwika kuti “cross talk.”

Imathandiza kuthetsa phokoso lamagetsi lomwe lingawononge magwiridwe antchito a chipangizocho

kudalirika: Choncho, kugwirizana kwa bolodi kumayikidwa ndi waya wamkuwa. Palibe zolumikizira zotayirira kapena “mawaya ogwedezeka.”

Kuwotcherera kumagwirizanitsa zigawo zonse ku bolodi lokha, kotero zimagwira ntchito ngakhale bolodi itasunthidwa.