Ungaba kanjani i- PCB injiniyela yokwakha

Kusuka konjiniyela behardware abazinikele kochwepheshe abahlukahlukene kanye nabasebenzi bokusekela, ukwakheka kwe-PCB kufaka izindima eziningi ezahlukahlukene:

Onjiniyela be-Hardware: Laba onjiniyela babhekele ukwakheka kwesifunda. Imvamisa bakwenza lokhu ngokudweba ama-circuit schematics ohlelweni lwe-CAD olukhethelwe ukubanjwa kohlelo, futhi bavame ukwenza ukwakheka komzimba kwe-PCB futhi.

Onjiniyela Bokuhlela: Laba onjiniyela ngongoti bezakhiwo ezikhethekile abazohlela ukwakheka komzimba wezinto zikagesi ebhodini futhi baxhume zonke izimpawu zabo zikagesi ngentambo yensimbi. Lokhu futhi kwenziwa ohlelweni lwe-CAD olunikezelwe ukwakheka ngokomzimba, okwakha ifayili elithile elizothunyelwa kumenzi we-PCB.

Onjiniyela bamaMechanical: Labonjiniyela banesibopho sokuklama izici zebhodi lesifunda, njengosayizi nokuma, ukuze zikulingane nendlu yedivayisi eyakhiwe namanye ama-PCBS.

Onjiniyela beSoftware: Laba onjiniyela bangabenzi banoma iyiphi isoftware edingekayo ukuze ibhodi lisebenze njengoba kuhlosiwe.

Ochwepheshe bokuhlola nokusebenza kabusha: Labo ngoti basebenza namabhodi akhiqizwayo ukulungisa iphutha nokuqinisekisa ukuthi asebenza kahle, nokwenza ukulungisa noma ukulungisa amaphutha njengoba kudingeka.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zindima ezithile, kukhona abakhiqizi nabasebenza emhlanganweni abazobhekana nokwenza amabhodi wesifunda nabanye abaningi abasendleleni.

Iningi lalezi zikhundla lidinga iziqu zobunjiniyela, noma ngabe ezikagesi, ezomshini noma zesoftware. Kodwa-ke, izikhundla eziningi zobuchwepheshe zidinga kuphela iziqu zomuntu ohambisanayo ukunika amandla abasebenzi abakulezo zikhundla ukuthi bafunde futhi ekugcineni bakhule babe yizikhundla zobunjiniyela. Ngamazinga aphezulu okugqugquzela kanye nemfundo, inkambo yomsebenzi yonjiniyela bokuklama ikhanya impela impela.

Inqubo ye-PCB design

Uma ucabanga ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zonjiniyela bokudizayina ababandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB, kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo uma ucabanga ngomkhondo ongalandelwa. Ukukusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela ozohamba ngayo, nayi ukubuka kafushane kwenqubo yokwakhiwa kwe-PCB nokuthi onjiniyela abahlukahlukene bangena kanjani ekuhambeni komsebenzi:

Umqondo: Kufanele wakhe ngaphambi kokuklama. Kwesinye isikhathi kungumkhiqizo wento entsha, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuyingxenye yenqubo enkulu yentuthuko yohlelo lonke. Imvamisa, ochwepheshe bezokumaketha banquma izidingo nemisebenzi yomkhiqizo, bese bedlulisa imininingwane bayiyise emnyangweni wobunjiniyela bokuklama.

Ukwakhiwa kwesistimu: Dizayina lonke uhlelo lapha bese unquma ukuthi yimaphi ama-PCBS athile adingekayo nokuthi uwahlanganisa kanjani wonke ohlelweni oluphelele.

Ukubanjwa kwesikimu: Izingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha noma onjiniyela bakagesi manje sebekwazi ukuklama amasekethe e-PCB eyodwa. Lokhu kuzobandakanya ukubeka izimpawu ku-schematics nokuxhuma izintambo kuzikhonkwane ezibizwa ngamanethiwekhi wokuxhuma kagesi. Esinye isici sokubanjwa kohlelo ukulingisa. Amathuluzi wokulingisa avumela onjiniyela bokudizayina ukuthi babone izinkinga ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB yangempela ngaphambi kokusebenza ekwakhiweni kwayo nasekwakhiweni kwayo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwelabhulali: wonke amathuluzi e-CAD adinga izingxenye zelabhulali ukuze azisebenzise. Okwe-schematics, kuzoba nezimpawu, zezakhiwo, kuzoba nokubumbana kwezingxenye zomzimba, futhi kwemishini, kuzoba nezinhlobo ze-3D zezici zemishini. Kwezinye izimo, lezi zingxenye zizongeniswa emtatsheni wezincwadi kusuka emithonjeni yangaphandle, kanti ezinye zizokwakhiwa onjiniyela.

Umklamo womshini: Ngokuklanywa kokuklanywa kwemishini kohlelo, ubukhulu nobume be-PCB ngayinye kuzonqunywa. Idizayini izofaka nokubekwa kwezixhumi, amabakaki, amaswishi nezibonisi, kanye nokuhlangana phakathi kwezindlu zohlelo ne-PCB.

Ukuhlelwa kwe-PCB: Ngemuva kokuthi ukwakheka okuhlelekile nokwenziwe ngomshini kuqediwe, le datha izothunyelwa kuthuluzi lokuhlelwa kwe-PCB. Unjiniyela wesakhiwo uzobeka izinto ezichazwe kuskimu ngenkathi enamathela ezinkingeni zomzimba ezichazwe ekwakhiweni kwemishini. Lapho izingxenye sezikhona, igridi esesikimeni izoxhunyaniswa ndawonye kusetshenziswa izintambo ezincanyana eziyogcina sezizintambo zensimbi ebhodini. Amanye ama-PCBS angaba nezinkulungwane zalezi zixhumanisi, futhi ukuhambisa zonke lezi zingcingo ukuhambisana nemikhawulo yokusebenza kanye nokulinganiselwa kokusebenza kungaba ngumsebenzi owesabekayo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kweSoftware: Ukuthuthukisa isoftware ngenkathi kuqedwa zonke ezinye izici zephrojekthi yokwakhiwa. Kusetshenziswa ukucaciswa kokusebenza okwenziwe yimakethe nezakhi kanye nokucaciswa kukagesi okwenziwe yihadiwe, iqembu lesoftware lizokwakha ikhodi elenza ibhodi lisebenze.

Ukwenziwa kwe-PCB: Ngemuva kokuthi ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sekuqediwe, idokhumende lokugcina lizothunyelwa ukuba lenziwe. Umenzi we-PCB uzodala ibhodi elingenalutho, kuyilapho isihlanganisi se-PCB sizoshisela zonke izingxenye ebhodini.

Ukuhlolwa nokuqinisekiswa: Lapho nje umenzi eqinisekisa ukuthi ibhodi liyasebenza, iqembu lokwakha lidlula uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ukulungisa iphutha ebhodini. Le nqubo ivame ukuveza izindawo zebhodi ezidinga ukulungiswa bese zibuyiselwa emuva ukuze zakhiwe kabusha. Lapho zonke izivivinyo seziphothulwe ngempumelelo, ibhodi selikulungele ukukhiqizwa nokusebenza.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kunezici eziningi ezahlukahlukene zokuklanywa kwebhodi lesifunda, okubandakanya ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene. Lapho usuqale ukusebenza njengonjiniyela wokuklama, ungabheka lezi zikhundla ezahlukahlukene bese unquma ukuthi yiziphi izindawo ofuna ukugxila kuzo.