Antenas na -enwe mmetụta maka gburugburu ha. Therefore, when there is an antenna on the PCB, nhazi imewe kwesịrị iburu n’uche ihe antenna chọrọ, n’ihi na nke a nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ ikuku nke ngwaọrụ ahụ nke ukwuu. Great care should be taken when integrating antennas into new designs. Ọbụnadị ihe, ọnụọgụ nke akwa na ọkpụrụkpụ nke PCB nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ antenna.

Debe antenna iji melite arụmọrụ

Antennas na-arụ ọrụ n’ụdị dị iche iche, yana dabere n’otú antennas si agbapụta, ọ nwere ike ịdị mkpa ka etinye ha n’ọnọdụ ụfọdụ – n’akụkụ mkpụmkpụ, akụkụ ogologo, ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke PCB.

N’ozuzu, akuku PCB bụ ebe dị mma idobe antenna. This is because the corner position allows the antenna to have gaps in five spatial directions, and the antenna feed is located in the sixth direction

Antenna manufacturers offer antenna design options for different positions, so product designers can choose the antenna that best fits their layout. Na-emekarị, mpempe akwụkwọ data nke onye nrụpụta na-egosi nhazi ntụaka nke, ọ bụrụ na esoro ya, na-enye ezigbo arụmọrụ.

Product designs for 4G and LTE typically use multiple antennas to build MIMO systems. In such designs, when multiple antennas are used at the same time, the antennas are usually placed at different corners of the PCB

Ọ dị mkpa ịghara itinye ihe ọ bụla na mpaghara dị nso na antenna ka ha nwere ike igbochi ọrụ ya. Yabụ, nkọwapụta antenna ga -akọwapụta nha mpaghara echekwara, nke bụ mpaghara dị nso na gburugburu antenna nke a ga -anọrịrị na ihe ndị nwere ọla. This will apply to each layer in the PCB. In addition, do not place any components or even install screws in this area on any layer of the board.

Antenna na-enwu n’ụgbọ elu ala, na ụgbọ elu ala na-ejikọta ugboro ole antenna na-arụ ọrụ. Ya mere, ọ dị ngwa ịnye oke na oghere kwesịrị ekwesị maka ụgbọ elu ala nke antenna ahọrọ.

Ụgbọ elu ala

Ogo nke ụgbọ elu ala kwesịkwara iburu n’uche wires ọ bụla ejiri na-ekwurịta okwu na batrị ma ọ bụ eriri ọkụ eji eme ihe. If the grounding plane is of the right size, ensure that cables and batteries connected to the device have less impact on the antenna

Ụfọdụ antenna nwere njikọ na ụgbọ elu ala, nke pụtara na PCB n’onwe ya na -aghọ akụkụ ala nke antenna iji mee ka antenna dị ugbu a, na ala PCB nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ antenna. N’okwu a, ọ dị mkpa ka ị ghara itinye batrị ma ọ bụ LCDS n’akụkụ antenna.

Mpempe akwụkwọ data nke onye nrụpụta kwesịrị ịkọwa mgbe niile ma antenna ọ chọrọ radieshon ikuku nke ala ma, ọ bụrụ otu a, nha ụgbọ elu chọrọ. This may mean that the gap area should surround the antenna.

Na nso akụkụ PCB ndị ọzọ

Ọ dị oke mkpa idobe antenna pụọ ​​na ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike igbochi ụzọ antenna na-enwu. One thing to watch out for is batteries; Ngwa metal LCD, dị ka USB, HDMI na Ethernet njikọ; Na mkpọtụ ma ọ bụ ihe ngbanwe dị elu nke metụtara ịgbanye ọkụ ọkụ.

Ebe dị mma dị n’etiti antenna na akụrụngwa ọzọ dịgasị iche dabere na ịdị elu nke akụrụngwa ahụ. In general, if a line is drawn at an 8 degree Angle to the bottom of the antenna, the safe distance between the component and the antenna if it is below the line.

Ọ bụrụ na e nwere antenna ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ n’otu oge n’akụkụ, ọ nwere ike ime ka antenna abụọ ahụ pụta, ebe ha na-emetụta radieshon ibe ha. Anyị na-akwado ka e belata nke a site na ikewapụ opekata mpe -10 dB antennas na ugboro ugboro ruo 1 GHz yana opekata mpe -20 dB antennas na 20 GHz. Enwere ike ime nke a site na ịhapụ ohere dị n’etiti antenna ma ọ bụ site n’ịtụgharị ha ka ewe dobe ha ogo 90 ma ọ bụ 180 n’akụkụ ibe ha.

Chepụta ahịrị nnyefe

Ahịrị nnyefe bụ eriri rf nke na-ebufe ike RF gaa na site na antenna iji zipu mgbaàmà na redio. Ekwesịrị ịhazi ahịrị nnyefe ka ọ bụrụ 50, ma ọ bụghị ya, ha nwere ike igosipụta akara azụ na redio wee mee ka ọdịda nke ụda mkpọtụ (SNR), nke nwere ike mee ka ndị nnata redio enweghị isi. A na -atụle ntụgharị uche dị ka oke ikuku na -eguzo ọtọ (VSWR). A good PCB design will exhibit suitable VSWR measurements that can be taken when testing the antenna.

Anyị na -akwado ka ejiri nlezianya chepụta usoro nnyefe. Nke mbụ, ahịrị mgbasa ozi kwesịrị ịdị kwụ ọtọ, n’ihi na ọ bụrụ na o nwere akụkụ ma ọ bụ gbagọrọ agbagọ, ọ nwere ike bute mfu. Site n’itinye perforation n’akụkụ abụọ nke waya ahụ, mkpọtụ na mfu mgbaàmà nke nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ antenna nwere ike idowe ya n’ogo dị ala, n’ihi na enwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ site n’iwepụ mkpọtụ na-agbasa n’akụkụ wires dị nso ma ọ bụ ala ala.

Usoro nnyefe dị gịrịgịrị nwere ike bute nnukwu mfu. A na-eji akụkụ dakọtara RF na obosara nke eriri nnyefe na-edozi antenna ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na njirimara njirimara nke 50 ω. Ogo nke eriri nnyefe na -emetụta arụmọrụ, yana eriri nnyefe kwesịrị ịdị mkpụmkpụ ka enwere ike maka ịrụ ọrụ antenna dị mma.

Kedu ka esi enweta arụmọrụ ka mma?

Ọ bụrụ na ị kwe ka ụgbọ elu mgbada ala ziri ezi wee tinye antenna n’ọnọdụ dị mma, ị nwetala mmalite dị mma, mana enwere ọtụtụ ihe ọzọ ị nwere ike ime iji melite arụmọrụ antenna. Ịnwere ike iji netwọkụ dakọtara iji tụọ antenna – nke a ga -akwụghachi ụgwọ ihe ụfọdụ nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ antenna.

Akụkụ RF bụ isi bụ antenna, nke dabara na netwọk na mmepụta RF ya. Nhazi nke na-etinye ihe ndị a nso na-ebelata mfu mgbaàmà. N’otu aka ahụ, ọ bụrụ na imewe gị gụnyere netwọkụ dabara, antenna ahụ ga -arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma ọ bụrụ na ogologo eriri ya dakọtara na nkọwapụta ngwaahịa nke onye nrụpụta.

Ihe mkpuchi gburugburu PCB nwekwara ike ịdị iche. Ihe mgbaàmà antenna enweghị ike ịgafe na ọla, yabụ ịtụba antenna n’ime ụlọ ọla ma ọ bụ ụlọ nwere ihe nwere ọla agaghị aga nke ọma.

Ọzọkwa, kpachara anya mgbe ị na -etinye antenna n’akụkụ plastik, n’ihi na nke a nwere ike bute arụmọrụ antenna. Ụfọdụ plastik (dịka ọmụmaatụ, fiberglass jupụtara naịlọn) na -efu efu ma nwee ike ire ure n’ime mgbaàmà RF nke ANTENNA. Plastik nwere ọnụnọ ọnya anwụ dị elu karịa ikuku, nke nwere ike imetụta mgbama ahụ nke ukwuu. Nke a pụtara na antenna ga-edekọ dielectric dị elu mgbe niile, na-abawanye ogologo eletrik nke antenna ma na-ebelata ugboro nke radieshon antenna.