Mapangidwe a EMC mu PCB bolodi iyenera kukhala gawo la kapangidwe kake kachipangizo chilichonse chamagetsi ndi makina, ndipo ndiyotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa njira zina zomwe zimayesa kuti chinthucho chifike ku EMC. Ukadaulo wofunikira wamapangidwe ofananira ndi ma elekitiroma ndi kuphunzira kwa magwero osokoneza a electromagnetic. Kuwongolera kutulutsa kwamagetsi kuchokera kumagwero osokoneza ma elekitiroma ndi yankho lokhazikika. Kuwongolera kutulutsa kwa magwero osokoneza, kuwonjezera pakuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa phokoso lamagetsi opangidwa ndi makina amagetsi osokoneza magetsi, kutchingira (kuphatikiza kudzipatula), kusefa, ndi ukadaulo woyika pansi kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Njira zazikulu zamapangidwe a EMC zimaphatikizapo njira zotchingira ma elekitirodi, njira zosefera madera, komanso chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pamapangidwe oyambira omwe amalumikizana.

Chimodzi, piramidi yopangira EMC mu bolodi la PCB
Chithunzi 9-4 chikuwonetsa njira yovomerezeka ya mapangidwe abwino kwambiri a EMC a zida ndi machitidwe. Ichi ndi chithunzi cha piramidi.

Choyamba, maziko a mapangidwe abwino a EMC ndikugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zabwino zamapangidwe amagetsi ndi makina. Izi zikuphatikizanso kudalirika, monga mawonekedwe amisonkhano mkati mwa kulolera kovomerezeka, njira zabwino zolumikizirana, ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoyesera zomwe zikupangidwa.

Nthawi zambiri, zida zomwe zimayendetsa zida zamakono zamakono ziyenera kuyikidwa pa PCB. Zidazi zimapangidwa ndi zigawo ndi mabwalo omwe amatha kusokoneza komanso amakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, mapangidwe a EMC a PCB ndiye nkhani yotsatira yofunika kwambiri pamapangidwe a EMC. Malo omwe ali ndi magawo omwe akugwira ntchito, kayendetsedwe ka mizere yosindikizidwa, kufananiza kwa cholepheretsa, mapangidwe apansi, ndi kusefa kwa dera zonse ziyenera kuganiziridwa panthawi ya mapangidwe a EMC. Zina za PCB ziyenera kutetezedwa.

Chachitatu, zingwe zamkati zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza ma PCB kapena zigawo zina zamkati. Chifukwa chake, kapangidwe ka EMC ka chingwe chamkati kuphatikiza njira yolowera ndi kutchingira ndikofunikira kwambiri ku EMC yonse ya chipangizo chilichonse.

Momwe mungapangire mapangidwe a EMC mu PCB board?

Pambuyo pa mapangidwe a EMC a PCB ndi kapangidwe ka chingwe chamkati, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakupanga chitetezo cha chassis ndi njira zopangira mipata yonse, ma perforations ndi chingwe kudzera m’mabowo.

Pomaliza, ayeneranso kuganizira athandizira ndi linanena bungwe magetsi ndi nkhani zina zosefera chingwe.

2. Electromagnetic shielding
Kutchinga makamaka kumagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zopangira, zopangidwa kukhala zipolopolo zosiyanasiyana ndikulumikizidwa ndi dziko lapansi kuti zidule njira yofalitsa phokoso la electrostatic yopangidwa ndi ma electrostatic coupling, kulumikizana kochititsa chidwi kapena kusinthana kwa ma electromagnetic field kupyola mumlengalenga. Kudzipatula makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito relays, kudzipatula thiransifoma kapena photoelectric Isolators ndi zipangizo zina kudula kufalitsa njira ya electromagnetic phokoso mu mawonekedwe a conduction amakhala ndi kulekanitsa dongosolo pansi mbali ziwiri za dera ndi kudula kuthekera lumikiza kudzera. kulephera.

Kuchita bwino kwa thupi lotchinga kumayimiridwa ndi chitetezo champhamvu (SE) (monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 9-5). Kuchita bwino kwachitetezo kumatanthauzidwa motere:

Momwe mungapangire mapangidwe a EMC mu PCB board?

Ubale pakati pa kutetezedwa kwa ma elekitiroma ndi kufowoketsa mphamvu zakumunda walembedwa mu Table 9-1.

Momwe mungapangire mapangidwe a EMC mu PCB board?

Kukwera kwachitetezo champhamvu, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri pakuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa 20dB. Mlandu wa zida za boma nthawi zambiri umangofunika chitetezo cha pafupifupi 40dB, pomwe zida zankhondo nthawi zambiri zimafunikira chitetezo chopitilira 60dB.

Zida zokhala ndi madutsidwe apamwamba amagetsi ndi maginito permeability zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zotetezera. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza zida ndi mbale zachitsulo, mbale za aluminiyamu, zojambulazo za aluminiyamu, mbale zamkuwa, zojambulazo zamkuwa ndi zina zotero. Ndi zofunika zolimba zama electromagnetic pakupanga zinthu wamba, opanga akuchulukirachulukira atengera njira yopaka faifi tambala kapena mkuwa pamlandu wapulasitiki kuti atetezeke.

Mapangidwe a PCB, chonde lemberani 020-89811835

Chachitatu, kusefa
Kusefa ndi njira yosinthira phokoso lamagetsi pama frequency domain, ndikupereka njira yotsika yoletsa phokoso lamagetsi kuti akwaniritse cholinga chopondereza kusokoneza kwamagetsi. Dulani njira yomwe kusokoneza kumafalikira motsatira mzere wa chizindikiro kapena chingwe chamagetsi, ndipo kutchingira pamodzi kumapanga chitetezo chokwanira chosokoneza. Mwachitsanzo, fyuluta yamagetsi imapereka kutsekeka kwakukulu kwa ma frequency a 50 Hz, koma imapereka kutsika kochepa kwa phokoso lamagetsi.

Malinga ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosefera, fyulutayo imagawidwa mu fyuluta yamagetsi ya AC, fyuluta yotumizira ma signal ndi fyuluta yodutsa. Malingana ndi gulu lafupipafupi la fyuluta, fyulutayo ikhoza kugawidwa m’mitundu inayi ya zosefera:-pass-pass, high-pass, band-pass, ndi band-stop.

Momwe mungapangire mapangidwe a EMC mu PCB board?

Chachinayi, magetsi, teknoloji yoyambira
Kaya ndi zida zaukadaulo wazidziwitso, zamagetsi zamagetsi, ndi zamagetsi, ziyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi gwero lamagetsi. Mphamvu yamagetsi imagawidwa kukhala magetsi akunja ndi magetsi amkati. Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi gwero lalikulu komanso lowopsa la kusokoneza kwa ma elekitiroma. Monga momwe gululi lamagetsi limakhudzira mphamvu, nsonga yapamwamba imatha kukhala yokwera kwambiri kuposa ma kilovolts kapena kupitilira apo, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zida kapena dongosolo. Kuphatikiza apo, chingwe chamagetsi cha mains ndi njira yoti zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana zosokoneza ziwononge zida. Chifukwa chake, makina opangira magetsi, makamaka kapangidwe ka EMC kosinthira magetsi, ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga gawo la gawo. Miyezoyo ndi yosiyana siyana, monga chingwe chamagetsi chimatengedwa kuchokera pachipata chachikulu cha gridi yamagetsi, AC yotengedwa kuchokera ku gululi yamagetsi imakhazikika, kusefa kwapang’onopang’ono, kudzipatula pakati pa mawotchi osinthira magetsi, kutchingira, kuponderezana kwamphamvu, ndi overvoltage ndi overcurrent chitetezo.

Kuyika pansi kumaphatikizapo kuyika pansi, kuyika chizindikiro, ndi zina zotero. Mapangidwe a thupi lokhazikapo pansi, kamangidwe ka waya woyikapo pansi, komanso kutsekeka kwa waya wokhazikika pama frequency osiyanasiyana sizongokhudzana ndi chitetezo chamagetsi cha chinthu kapena dongosolo, komanso zokhudzana ndi kuyanjana kwamagetsi ndi ukadaulo wake woyezera.

Kuyika bwino kumatha kuteteza magwiridwe antchito a zida kapena makina ndi chitetezo chamunthu, ndikuchotsa kusokonezedwa kwa ma elekitiroma ndi kugunda kwa mphezi. Choncho, mapangidwe apansi ndi ofunika kwambiri, koma ndi nkhani yovuta. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mawaya apansi, kuphatikizapo logic ground, sign ground, chishango, ndi malo otetezera. Njira zoyikapo pansi zimathanso kugawidwa m’malo amodzi, malo okhala ndi mfundo zambiri, osakanikirana komanso oyandama. Malo abwino oyambira pansi ayenera kukhala opanda mphamvu, ndipo palibe kusiyana komwe kungatheke pakati pa malo oyambira. Koma kwenikweni, “nthaka” iliyonse kapena waya wapansi amatsutsa. Pamene panopa ikuyenda, kutsika kwa magetsi kudzachitika, kotero kuti kuthekera kwa waya pansi si zero, ndipo padzakhala voteji pansi pakati pa mfundo ziwiri zoyambira. Deralo likakhazikika pazigawo zingapo ndipo pali kulumikizana kwa ma siginecha, lipanga mphamvu yosokoneza ya loop. Choncho, teknoloji yoyambira pansi ndiyopadera kwambiri, monga kuyika chizindikiro ndi kukhazikitsa mphamvu ziyenera kulekanitsidwa, mabwalo ovuta amagwiritsira ntchito masitepe ambiri ndi malo amodzi.