Momwe mungabwezeretsere dera pozungulira ndi bolodi?

Mukapeza chinthu, nthawi zambiri, timakhala opanda dera loyang’anira dera, chifukwa chake ife, pankhaniyi, momwe tingadziwire mfundo ya PCB ndi momwe zinthu zikugwirira ntchito, uku ndikuti asinthe chiwonetsero chenicheni cha dera.
Mukakumana ndi zinthu zazing’ono, kapena pakafunika chosowa, mukakumana ndi zinthu zamagetsi popanda zojambula, ndikofunikira kujambula chithunzi chozungulira malinga ndi zinthuzo. Ngakhale zikafika pamlingo wokulirapo pang’ono, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, koma titatha kudziwa mfundo zotsatirazi, ndikukhulupirira kuti titha kuzichita, pagawo losavuta, popanda vuto.

1. Sankhani voliyumu yayikulu, zikhomo zambiri ndipo zimagwira gawo lalikulu pazigawo zamagawo monga ma circuits ophatikizika, ma thiransifoma, ma transistor ndi zina zojambulidwa, kenako kuchokera pazosankhidwa za pini kuyamba kujambula, zitha kuchepetsa zolakwika.
2. Ngati bolodi la PCB lili ndi zilembo zosakanikirana (monga VD870, R330, C466, ndi zina zambiri), popeza manambalawa ali ndi malamulo ake, zigawo zomwe zili ndi dzina loyambirira la alphanumeric ndizofanana, choncho ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru pojambula. Kusiyanitsa bwino zigawo zikuluzikulu za magwiridwe antchito omwewo ndiye maziko azithunzi.
3. Ngati nambala ya serial ya chipangizocho sichidatchulidwa pa bolodi losindikizidwa, ndibwino kuwerengera chigawocho kuti chitheke ndikusanthula dera. Pofuna kupanga cholumikizira cha mkuwa kukhala chachifupi kwambiri, zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito zimakonzedwa munjira yapakatikati pomwe wopanga amapanga zigawo za bolodi. Mukapeza chipangizocho chomwe chili pakatikati pa chipinda chimodzi, mutha kuchifufuza kuzinthu zina zomwe zili mgawo lomwelo.
4. Siyanitsani bwino chingwe cha pansi, chingwe chamagetsi, ndi chingwe cha siginecha ya bolodi YOSindikizidwa. Tengani dera lamagetsi monga chitsanzo, kumapeto koyipa kwa chubu chokonzanso cholumikizidwa ndi chosinthira magetsi chachiwiri ndiye mtengo wabwino wamagetsi, ndipo waya wapansi nthawi zambiri amalumikizidwa ndi fyuluta yayikulu yama capacitor, ndipo chipolopolo cha capacitor ndi chizindikiro ndi polarity. Muthanso kupeza chingwe chamagetsi ndi waya wapansi kuchokera pini yolamulira kumapeto atatu. Mukalumikizira matabwa osindikizira, kuti mupewe kudzikongoletsa komanso kulimbana ndi zovuta, fakitoleyo imakhazikitsa zojambulazo zamkuwa zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi (dera lamafupipafupi nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi gawo lalikulu lazitsulo zamkuwa), lotsatiridwa ndi zojambulazo zamkuwa mzere wamagetsi ndi chojambula chaching’ono kwambiri chamkuwa cha mzere wazizindikiro. Kuphatikiza apo, pazinthu zamagetsi zomwe zimakhala ndi ma circuits a analog ndi digito, matabwa osindikizidwa nthawi zambiri amasiyanitsa mawaya awo apansi kuti apange maukonde odziyimira pawokha, omwe amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko ozindikiritsa ndi kuweruza.
5. Pofuna kupewa kulumikizana kochulukirapo kwa zikhomo zamagawo kuti apange kulumikizana kwa dera loyenda ndikulowerera, komwe kumabweretsa chisokonezo cha kujambula, magetsi ndi waya wapansi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikilo zambiri ndi zizindikilo . Ngati pali zinthu zambiri, gawo lililonse limatha kujambulidwa padera kenako ndikuphatikizidwa.
6. Mukulangizidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito pepala lowunikira poyang’ana zingwe zapansi, zingwe zamagetsi, zingwe zamagetsi, ndi zida zake ndi utoto pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha mitundu ingapo. Mukasintha, pang’onopang’ono lowetsani utoto kuti zojambulazo zikhale zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino, kuti muwunikire dera.
7. Amadziwika bwino ndi kapangidwe kake komanso kujambulidwa kwapadera kwama circuits ena, monga mlatho wokonzanso, magetsi oyendetsa magetsi ndi magwiridwe antchito, digito yophatikiza digito, ndi zina zambiri. Choyamba, ma circuits amtunduwu amakokedwa mwachindunji kuti apange chithunzi cha dera, amene angathe kusintha dzuwa kujambula.
8. Pojambula zithunzi za dera, tiyenera kuyesetsa momwe tingathere kuti tipeze zojambula zadongosolo lazofananazo, kuti tipeze zotsatira ziwiri ndi theka la kuyeserera.
Kulimba mtima pamwambapa, ndikofunikira, ndikhulupilira kuti inu pazinthu zophunzirira mpaka dera loyambira, mutha kuyambira pazinthuzi, kuti mugwiritse ntchito ukadaulo uwu, chifukwa awa ndiye maziko a ogwira ntchito zamagetsi