Ungawubuyisela kanjani umdwebo wesifunda nge ibhodi yesifunda?

Uma uthola umkhiqizo, isikhathi esiningi, asinawo umdwebo wesifunda, ngakho-ke thina kulokhu singasho kanjani isimiso somthetho PCB nesimo sokusebenza, lokhu kungukuguqula umdwebo wohlelo lwesifunda uqobo.
Lapho uhlangabezana nezinto ezithile ezincane, noma lapho kunesidingo, lapho uhlangabezana nemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ngaphandle kwemidwebo, kuyadingeka ukudweba umdwebo wesikimu wesifunda ngokusho kwezinto. Yize esimweni sesikali esikhudlwana, kuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kepha ngemuva kokuthola kahle amaphuzu alandelayo, ngikholwa ukuthi sisengakwenza, ngokwesekethe elula, akunankinga.

1. Khetha ivolumu enkulu, izikhonkwane eziningi futhi udlale indima enkulu ezingxenyeni zesekethe ezifana namasekhethi ahlanganisiwe, ama-transformer, ama-transistor nezinye izingxenye zezithenjwa zokudweba, bese kuthi ezingxenyeni ezikhethiwe zezikhombo zokuqala ukudweba, kunganciphisa amaphutha.
2. Uma ibhodi le-PCB limakwe ngezinombolo ze-serial serial (njenge-VD870, R330, C466, njll.), Njengoba lezi zinombolo ze-serial zinemithetho ethile, izinto ezinesiqalo se-alphanumeric ezifanayo ziyingxenye efanayo yokusebenza, ngakho-ke kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuhlakanipha ekudwebeni. Izinto ezihlukanisa kahle iyunithi efanayo yokusebenza ziyisisekelo sokuhlelwa komdwebo.
3. Uma inombolo ye-serial yengxenye ingamakiwe ebhodini eliphrintiwe, kungcono ukufaka inombolo entweni ukuze kube lula ukuhlaziya nokuhlola isekethe. Ukuze wenze intambo yocingo yocingo ifushane, izingxenye zophiko olufanayo olusebenzayo ngokuvamile zihlelwe ngendlela eyodwa lapho umenzi eklama izingxenye zebhodi eliphrintiwe. Lapho usuthole idivayisi esemaphakathi neyunithi, ungayilandelela kwezinye izingxenye zophiko olufanayo.
4. Hlukanisa kahle ikhebula lomhlabathi, ikhebuli yamandla, nentambo yesiginali yebhodi ELIPHrintiwe. Thatha isekethe yokuphakelwa kwamandla njengesibonelo, ukuphela okungekuhle kwethubhu yokulungisa exhunywe ku-transformer yamandla wesibili yisigxobo esihle sokuphakelwa kwamandla, futhi ucingo lwasemhlabeni ngokuvamile luxhunywe nomthamo omkhulu wokuhlunga amandla, negobolondo le-capacitor kumakwe nge-polarity. Ungathola futhi ulayini wamandla nocingo lomhlabathi kusuka kupini yokulawula emithathu. Lapho kwenziwa izintambo amabhodi aphrintiwe, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuzithokozisa nokulwa nokuphazamiseka, ifektri ngokuvamile isetha ucwecwe lwethusi olubanzi kakhulu lwentambo yomhlabathi (isifunda esinemvamisa ephezulu ngokuvamile sinendawo enkulu yocwecwe lwethusi lomhlabathi), silandelwe ucwecwe lwethusi ulayini wamandla nocezu oluncane lwethusi lwentambo yesiginali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi enamasekethe womabili e-analog nedijithali, amabhodi aphrintiwe ngokuvamile ahlukanisa izintambo zawo zomhlabathi ukwakha amanethiwekhi azimele wodwa, angasetshenziswa futhi njengesisekelo sokuhlonza nokwahlulela.
5. Ukugwema ukuxhumana okuningi kakhulu kwezikhonkwane zezinto ukwenza izintambo zesiphambano somdwebo wesifunda zingene, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni komdwebo, amandla kagesi nocingo lomhlabathi bangasebenzisa inani elikhulu lamamaki wokugcina nezimpawu zokubeka phansi . Uma kunezinto eziningi, isekethe ngalinye leyunithi lingadwetshwa ngokwehlukana bese lihlanganiswa ndawonye.
6. Uyelulekwa ukuthi usebenzise iphepha lokulandela okusobala ukudweba izintambo zomhlabathi, izintambo zikagesi, izintambo zesiginali, nezinto zalo ngombala usebenzisa ipeni elinemibala eminingi. Lapho uguqula, kancane kancane ujulise umbala ukuze wenze umdwebo ube enembile futhi uhehe iso, ukuze uhlaziye isifunda.
7. Ujwayele ukwakheka okuyisisekelo nokudweba okudala kwamasekethe athile amayunithi, afana nebhulogi lokulungisa kabusha, isekethe yokulawula amandla kagesi kanye nesikhulisi sokusebenza, isekethe edidiyelwe edijithali, njll. ezingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komdwebo.
8. Lapho udweba imidwebo yesifunda, kufanele sizame ngakho konke okusemandleni ukuthola imidwebo yesifunda yemikhiqizo efanayo ukuze isetshenziselwe inkomba, ezothola umphumela ophindwe kabili ngomzamo oyingxenye.
Isifinyezo esingenhla, sibalulekile, ngiyethemba wena entweni yokufunda kufinyelela kumdwebo wesekethe, ungaqala kusuka kula maphuzu, ukuqonda lobu buchwepheshe, ngoba lokhu kuyisisekelo sabasebenzi abasebenza ngogesi