Haddii aad maqashay ereyga “PCB oo aan halogen lahayn”Oo aad rabto inaad waxbadan ka barato, waxaad timid meeshii saxda ahayd. Waxaan wadaagnaa sheekada ka dambeysa guddigan wareegga daabacan.

Soo hel xaqiiqooyinka ku saabsan halogens-ka PCB, halogens-ka guud ahaan iyo shuruudaha ereyga “halogen-free”. Waxaan sidoo kale eegnay faa’iidooyinka aan lahayn halogen-ka.

Waa maxay PCB-ga aan halogen lahayn?

In order to meet the requirements of a halogen-free PCB, the board must contain no more than a certain amount of halogens in parts per million (PPM).

Halogens ee biphenyl polychlorinated ah

Halogens have a variety of uses in relation to PCBS.

Chlorine is used as a flame retardant or protective coating for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) wires. Waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa sidii dareere loogu talagalay horumarinta semiconductor ama nadiifinta jajabka kombiyuutarka.

Bromine can be used as a flame retardant to protect electrical components or to sterilize components.

Heerkee ayaa loo tixgeliyaa bilaa halogen?

The International Electrochemistry Commission (IEC) sets the standard at 1,500 PPM for total halogen content by limiting halogen use. Xadka koloriin iyo bromiin waa 900 PPM.

Xadka PPM waa isku mid haddii aad u hoggaansanto xadka Maandooriyaha Khatarta ah (RoHS).

Please note that various halogen standards exist on the market. Maadaama wax-soo-saarka bilaa halogen-ka ahi aanu ahayn shuruud sharci ah, heerarka la oggol yahay ee ay dejiyaan hay’adaha madaxa-bannaan, sida soo-saarayaasha, way kala duwanaan karaan.

Halogen-free board design

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waa in aan ogaano in PCBS-da runta ah ee aan lahayn halogen ay adag tahay in la helo. Waxaa laga yaabaa inay jiraan xaddiyo yaryar oo halogens ah oo ku yaal looxyada wareegga, oo xeryahooda ayaa lagu qarin karaa meelo aan la filayn.

Aynu faahfaahinno tusaalooyinka qaarkood. Guddiga wareegga cagaaran ma aha halogen-free haddii substrate cagaaran laga saaro filimka iibiya.

Epoxy resins that help protect PCBS may contain chlorine. Halogens -ka ayaa sidoo kale laga yaabaa inay ku qarsoon yihiin maaddooyinka sida jellada dhalada, wakiilada qoyan iyo daawaynta, iyo dhiirrigeliyeyaasha cusbi.

You should also be aware of the potential pitfalls of using halogen-free materials. Tusaale ahaan, maqnaanshaha halogens -ka, iibiyaha saamiga dareeraha ayaa saamayn kara, taasoo keenta xoqan.

Maskaxda ku hay in dhibaatooyinka noocaas ah aysan ahayn in laga gudbo. Hab fudud oo looga fogaado xoqitaanku waa in la isticmaalo iska caabinta alxanka (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan iska -caabbinta alxanka) si loo qeexo suufka.

Waxaa muhiim ah in lala kaashado soosaarayaasha PCB ee caanka ah si loo hubiyo hufnaanta maadada halogen ee PCB. Despite their recognition, not every manufacturer currently has the capacity to produce these boards.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, hadda oo aad ogtahay meesha halogens -ka ay yihiin iyo waxa ay yihiin, waxaad cayimi kartaa shuruudaha. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad si dhow ula shaqeyso soo -saaraha si aad u go’aamiso habka ugu wanaagsan ee looga fogaan karo halogens -ka aan loo baahnayn.

In kasta oo helitaanka 100% PCB-ga aan halogen lahayn ay noqon karto caqabad, haddana waxaad soo saari kartaa PCB-ga heer la aqbali karo sida waafaqsan xeerarka IEC iyo RoHS.

Waa maxay halogens?

Halogens -ku ma aha kiimikooyin ama walxo. Ereyga wuxuu ka tarjumayaa Giriigga una tarjumay “wakiil milix-sameeye” wuxuuna ula jeedaa taxane ka kooban waxyaabo la xiriira miiska xilliyeedka.

Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah koloriin, bromiin, iodine, fluorine iyo A – kuwaas oo qaarkood laga yaabo inaad taqaanid. Xaqiiqo xiiso leh: Ku dar soodhiyam iyo halogens si aad milix u samaysato! Intaa waxaa dheer, cunsur kastaa wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin u gaar ah oo anfacaya.

Iodine is a common disinfectant. Xeryaha Fluoride sida fluoride ayaa lagu daraa sahayda biyaha dadweynaha si kor loogu qaado caafimaadka ilkaha, waxaana sidoo kale laga helaa saliidaha iyo qaboojiyaha.

Aad dhif u ah, dabeecaddiisa ayaa si xun loo fahmay, Tennessee Tinge weli waa la baranayaa.

Chlorine and bromine are found in everything from water disinfectors to pesticides and, of course, PCBS.

Why create halogen-free PCBS?

Although halogens play a vital role in PCB structures, they have a disadvantage that is hard to ignore: toxicity. Yes, these substances are functional flame retardants and fungicides, but they cost a lot.

Chlorine and bromine are the main culprits here. Soo -gaadhista mid kasta oo ka mid ah kiimikooyinkaan waxay sababi kartaa calaamado raaxo -darro, sida lallabbo, qufac, cuncun maqaarka iyo aragga oo xumaada.

Wax ka qabashada PCBS oo ay ku jiraan halogens uma badna inay ka dhalan karto soo -gaadhis khatar ah. Still, if the PCB catches fire and emits smoke, you can expect these adverse side effects.

If chlorine happens to mix with hydrocarbons, it produces dioxins, a deadly carcinogen. Nasiib darro, iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay kheyraadka xaddidan ee la heli karo si ammaan ah dib loogu warshadeeyo PCBS, waddamada qaarkood waxay u muuqdaan inay sameeyaan qashin -qubid liidata.

Sidaa darteed, si aan habboonayn u tuurista PCBS oo ay ku jirto koloriin aad u sarreeya ayaa khatar ku ah nidaamka deegaanka. Burning these gadgets to eliminate them (which does happen) can release dioxins into the environment.

Benefits of using halogen-free PCBS

Hadda oo aad ogaatay xaqiiqooyinka, maxaad u isticmaashaa PCB-ga aan halogen lahayn?

The main advantage is that they are less toxic alternatives to halogen filled alternatives. Mudnaanta koowaad siinta badbaadada adiga, farsamayaqaannadaada, iyo dadka maamuli doona looxyada ayaa ku filan inay tixgeliyaan adeegsiga loox.

Intaa waxaa dheer, khataraha deegaanka ayaa aad uga hooseeya qalabka ay ku jiraan xaddi badan oo kiimikooyin halis ah. Gaar ahaan meelaha aan laga heli karin hababka dib -u -warshadaynta PCB ee ugu fiican, maaddada halogen -ka hoose waxay hubisaa in si ammaan ah loo tuuro.

Da’da tiknoolajiyadda soo koraysa, halkaas oo ay macaamiishu si aad ah ugu baraarugsan yihiin sunta alaabadooda, codsiyada ayaa ku dhowaad aan xad lahayn-sida ugu fiican, halogen-ka bilaashka ah ee elektaroonigga baabuurta, taleefannada gacanta iyo aaladaha kale ee aan si dhow ula xiriirno.

Laakiin sunta la dhimay ma aha faa’idada kaliya: waxay sidoo kale leeyihiin faa’iidooyin waxqabad. PCBS-yadu badiyaa waxay u adkeysan karaan heerkulka sare, taasoo ka dhigaysa inay ku habboon yihiin wareegyada aan leedhka lahayn. Maaddaama macdanta ‘lead’ ay tahay isku -dar kale oo warshadaha badankoodu isku dayaan inay ka fogaadaan, waxaad ku dili kartaa laba shimbir dhagax.

Dahaarka PCB-ga ee Halogen-ka ah ayaa laga yaabaa inuu noqdo mid kharash-ku-ool ah oo wax-ku-ool u ah qalabka elektiroonigga ee la tuuro. Ugu dambayn, sababta oo ah guddiyadaani waxay gudbiyaan joogteynta dielectric -ga hooseysa, way fududahay in la joogteeyo daacadnimada signalada.

Dhammaanteen waa inaan ku dadaalnaa inaan kor u qaadno wacyiga si loo xaddido khataraha laga fogaan karo ee qalabka muhiimka ah sida PCBS. In kasta oo PCBS-ka aan lahayn halogen-ka aan weli sharcigu xakamayn, haddana waxaa lagu dadaalayaa magaca ururrada ay khusayso in la joojiyo isticmaalka xeryahan waxyeellada leh.