Ikiwa umesikia juu ya neno “PCB isiyo na halojeni”Na unataka kujifunza zaidi, umekuja mahali pazuri. Tunashiriki hadithi nyuma ya bodi ya mzunguko iliyochapishwa.

Tafuta ukweli juu ya halojeni kwenye PCB, halojeni kwa jumla na mahitaji ya neno “halogen-bure”. Tuliangalia pia faida za kutokuwa na halogen.

PCB isiyo na halogen ni nini?

In order to meet the requirements of a halogen-free PCB, the board must contain no more than a certain amount of halogens in parts per million (PPM).

Halojeni katika biphenyl yenye polychlorini

Halogens have a variety of uses in relation to PCBS.

Chlorine is used as a flame retardant or protective coating for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) wires. Pia hutumiwa kama kutengenezea kwa maendeleo ya semiconductor au kusafisha chips za kompyuta.

Bromini inaweza kutumika kama kiwindaji moto ili kulinda vifaa vya umeme au kutuliza vifaa.

Je! Ni kiwango gani kinachozingatiwa bila halogen?

The International Electrochemistry Commission (IEC) sets the standard at 1,500 PPM for total halogen content by limiting halogen use. Mipaka ya klorini na bromini ni 900 PPM.

Mipaka ya PPM ni sawa ikiwa unazingatia kikomo cha Dawa za Hatari (RoHS).

Please note that various halogen standards exist on the market. Kwa kuwa uzalishaji usio na halojeni sio hitaji la kisheria, viwango vinavyoruhusiwa vilivyowekwa na vyombo huru, kama watengenezaji, vinaweza kutofautiana.

Halogen-free board design

Kwa wakati huu, tunapaswa kutambua kuwa PCBS za kweli zisizo na halogen ni ngumu kupata. Kunaweza kuwa na idadi ndogo ya halojeni kwenye bodi za mzunguko, na misombo hii inaweza kufichwa katika sehemu zisizotarajiwa.

Wacha tufafanue mifano kadhaa. Bodi ya mzunguko wa kijani haina halogen isipokuwa substrate ya kijani imeondolewa kwenye filamu ya solder.

Epoxy resins that help protect PCBS may contain chlorine. Halojeni pia inaweza kujificha kwenye viungo kama glasi za glasi, mawakala wa kunyonya na kuponya, na waendelezaji wa resini.

You should also be aware of the potential pitfalls of using halogen-free materials. Kwa mfano, kwa kukosekana kwa halojeni, solder kwa uwiano wa flux inaweza kuathiriwa, na kusababisha mikwaruzo.

Kumbuka kwamba shida kama hizo sio lazima zishindwe. Njia rahisi ya kuepuka mikwaruzo ni kutumia kipinga cha solder (pia inajulikana kama solder resist) kufafanua pedi.

Ni muhimu kushirikiana na watengenezaji maarufu wa PCB ili kuhakikisha uwazi wa yaliyomo kwenye halogen kwenye PCB. Despite their recognition, not every manufacturer currently has the capacity to produce these boards.

Walakini, kwa kuwa sasa unajua halojeni ziko wapi na ni za nini, unaweza kutaja mahitaji. Unaweza kuhitaji kufanya kazi kwa karibu na mtengenezaji kuamua njia bora ya kuzuia halojeni zisizohitajika.

Ingawa kupata 100% isiyo na halogen inaweza kuwa changamoto, bado unaweza kutengeneza PCB kwa kiwango kinachokubalika kulingana na kanuni za IEC na RoHS.

Halojeni ni nini?

Halojeni sio wenyewe kemikali au vitu. Neno hilo hutafsiri kutoka kwa Uigiriki kwenda kwa “wakala wa kutengeneza chumvi” na inahusu safu ya vitu vinavyohusiana kwenye jedwali la upimaji.

Hizi ni pamoja na klorini, bromini, iodini, fluorine na A – zingine ambazo unaweza kuzijua. Ukweli wa kufurahisha: Unganisha na sodiamu na halojeni kutengeneza chumvi! Kwa kuongezea, kila kitu kina sifa za kipekee ambazo ni muhimu kwetu.

Iodine is a common disinfectant. Mchanganyiko wa fluoride kama vile fluoride huongezwa kwa usambazaji wa maji ya umma kukuza afya ya meno, na pia hupatikana katika vilainishi na majokofu.

Nadra sana, asili yake haieleweki vizuri, na Tennessee Tinge bado anajifunza.

Chlorine and bromine are found in everything from water disinfectors to pesticides and, of course, PCBS.

Why create halogen-free PCBS?

Although halogens play a vital role in PCB structures, they have a disadvantage that is hard to ignore: toxicity. Yes, these substances are functional flame retardants and fungicides, but they cost a lot.

Chlorine and bromine are the main culprits here. Mfiduo wa yoyote ya kemikali hizi zinaweza kusababisha dalili za usumbufu, kama kichefuchefu, kukohoa, kuwasha ngozi na kuona vibaya.

Kushughulikia PCBS zilizo na halojeni kuna uwezekano wa kusababisha athari hatari. Still, if the PCB catches fire and emits smoke, you can expect these adverse side effects.

If chlorine happens to mix with hydrocarbons, it produces dioxins, a deadly carcinogen. Unfortunately, due to the limited resources available to safely recycle PCBS, some countries tend to perform poor disposal.

Kwa hivyo, utupaji usiofaa wa PCBS na yaliyomo juu ya klorini ni hatari kwa ikolojia. Burning these gadgets to eliminate them (which does happen) can release dioxins into the environment.

Benefits of using halogen-free PCBS

Sasa kwa kuwa unajua ukweli, kwanini utumie PCB isiyo na halogen?

The main advantage is that they are less toxic alternatives to halogen filled alternatives. Kutanguliza usalama wako, mafundi wako, na watu ambao watashughulikia bodi hiyo inatosha kuzingatia kutumia bodi.

In addition, the environmental risks are much lower than for equipment that contains large amounts of such hazardous chemicals. Hasa katika maeneo ambayo njia bora za kuchakata PCB hazipatikani, yaliyomo chini ya halojeni huhakikisha utupaji salama.

In an age of booming technology, where consumers are becoming increasingly aware of toxins in their products, the applications are almost limitless — ideally, halogen-free for the electronics in cars, mobile phones and other devices we keep in close touch with.

Lakini kupunguza sumu sio faida pekee: pia wana faida ya utendaji. PCBS hizi kawaida zinaweza kuhimili joto kali, na kuzifanya kuwa bora kwa nyaya zisizo na risasi. Since lead is another compound that most industries try to avoid, you can kill two birds with a rock.

Ufungaji wa PCB isiyo na halogen inaweza kuwa na gharama nafuu na inayofaa kwa umeme unaoweza kutolewa. Mwishowe, kwa sababu bodi hizi hupitisha dielectric ya chini kila wakati, ni rahisi kudumisha uadilifu wa ishara.

Sisi sote tunapaswa kujitahidi kuongeza uelewa ili kupunguza hatari zinazoweza kuepukika katika vifaa muhimu kama vile PCBS. Ingawa PCBS isiyo na halogen bado haijasimamiwa na sheria, juhudi zinafanywa kwa niaba ya mashirika yanayohusika kumaliza matumizi ya misombo hii hatari.