Ramin hawa a ciki PCB is an important element in electronic design. Kowane mai zanen PCB zai fahimci manufar ramukan hawa PCB da ƙirar asali. Hakanan, lokacin da aka haɗa rami mai hawa zuwa ƙasa, ana iya ajiye wasu matsalolin da ba dole ba bayan shigarwa.

Yadda ake amfani da ramukan PCB don rage EMI?

Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, ramukan hawa PCB suna taimakawa tabbatar da PCB zuwa mahalli. Koyaya, wannan shine amfani da injin na zahiri, ban da aikin electromagnetic, ana iya amfani da ramukan hawa PCB don rage tsangwama na lantarki (EMI). PCBS mai kula da Emi yawanci ana saka su a cikin shinge na ƙarfe. Don rage EMI yadda yakamata, ana buƙatar haɗa ramukan hawa PCB zuwa ƙasa. Bayan wannan garkuwar ƙasa, duk wani tsangwama na electromagnetic za a jagoranta daga shingen ƙarfe zuwa ƙasa.

Yadda ake amfani da ramukan PCB don rage EMI? Me yasa haɗin ƙasa ke da mahimmanci?

Tambayar gama gari da talakawan sabon zanen ke tambaya shine wacce ƙasa kuke haɗa ta? A cikin na’urorin lantarki na yau da kullun, akwai sigina, sansanonin gidaje da shimfida. A matsayina na babban yatsa, kada a haɗa ramukan hawa don nuna alamar ƙasa. Ƙasa sigina ita ce ƙasa don abubuwan haɗin lantarki a cikin ƙirar da’irar ku, kuma gabatar da kutse na lantarki a ciki ba kyakkyawan ra’ayi ba ne.

Abin da kuke son haɗawa shi ne yanayin ƙasa. Anan ne duk hanyoyin haɗin ginin majalisar ke haɗuwa. Yakamata a haɗa ƙasa ta Chassis a lokaci ɗaya, zai fi dacewa ta hanyar haɗin tauraro. Wannan yana guje wa haifar da madaukai na ƙasa da haɗin ƙasa da yawa. Multiple grounding connections can cause a slight voltage difference and cause current to flow between chassis grounding. Daga nan ne aka sanya chassis a ƙasa don matakan tsaro.

Me yasa yake da mahimmanci a sami ingantattun hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa?

Idan tushen harsashi na hukumar PCB harsashi ne na ƙarfe, to dukkan harsashin ƙarfe shine ƙasa. An haɗa waya ta ƙasa na 220V wutar lantarki zuwa ƙasa. Duk musaya suna buƙatar haɗawa da ƙasa, kuma yakamata a haɗa dunƙulen da ƙasa. In this way, incoming interference in EMC testing is discharged directly from the ground to the ground without interfering with the internal system. Bugu da kari, na’urorin kariya na EMC dole ne su kasance da kowane ke dubawa, kuma yakamata ya kasance kusa da ke dubawa.

If it’s a plastic case, it’s best to have a metal plate embedded in it. Idan babu wata hanyar da za a cimma, to lallai ya zama dole a yi la’akari da ƙarin abubuwa a cikin tsarin wayoyi, siginar mahimmanci (agogo, sake saitawa, crystal oscillator, da sauransu) layin yana buƙatar kare aikin ƙasa, ƙara hanyar sadarwar tacewa (guntu, oscillator crystal). , tushen wutan lantarki).

Haɗa ramukan da aka ɗora a kan faranti ɗin shine mafi kyawun aiki, amma ba shine mafi kyawun aikin da za a bi ba. Don tabbatar da cewa an kare na’urarka, dole ne a haɗa giyar chassis ɗin ku zuwa tashar da ta dace. Misali, idan ka gina injin biya na atomatik wanda ba shi da tushe sosai, ƙila ka sami abokan ciniki suna gunaguni da “girgizar lantarki” yayin biyan kuɗi. Wannan na iya faruwa lokacin da abokin ciniki ya taɓa ɓangaren ƙarfe mara shinge na yadi.

Shockarƙarar wutar lantarki mai sauƙi na iya faruwa lokacin da ba a yi amfani da madaidaicin ikon kwamfuta. Hakanan yana iya faruwa lokacin da aka katse igiyoyin ƙasa waɗanda ke haɗa tashoshin wutar lantarki zuwa bene na ginin. Wannan na iya haifar da taso kan ruwa akan injin da ya dace.

The principle of EMI shielding depends on proper grounding connections. Samun haɗin ƙasa mai iyo ba wai kawai yana fallasa abokin cinikin ku ga rauni na lantarki mai sauƙi ba, amma yana iya yin illa ga amincin abokin cinikin ku idan gajeriyar kayan aikin ku. Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi da ke ƙasa, ingantaccen tushe yana da mahimmanci don aminci da garkuwar EMI.

Fasaha na asali don ƙera ramukan hawa PCB

Ana amfani da ramukan hawa PCB a ƙira. Akwai simplean ƙa’idodin ƙa’idodi masu sauƙi idan aka zo hawa ramuka. Na farko, kula da daidaiton ramukan hawa. Kuskure anan zai haifar kai tsaye ba a shigar da PCB ɗin ku daidai a cikin mahalli ba. Hakanan tabbatar cewa ramin hawa shine girman da ya dace don dunƙule da kuka zaɓa.

Babbar manhajar ƙirar kewaya, kamar software na jere na Altium Designer, na iya sanya ramukan hawa daidai da ayyana ƙa’idodi masu alaƙa da tazarar aminci. Kada a sanya ramukan hawa da yawa a gefen PCB. Ƙananan kayan wuta a gefuna na iya haifar da fasa a cikin PCB yayin shigarwa ko rarrabuwa. Hakanan yakamata ku bar isasshen sarari tsakanin ramukan hawa da sauran sassan.