Umgodi okhuphukayo ungene PCB kuyinto ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-elekthronikhi. Wonke umklami we-PCB uzoqonda inhloso yezimbobo zokufaka ze-PCB nokwakhiwa okuyisisekelo. Futhi, lapho umgodi okhuphukayo uxhunywe phansi, ezinye izinkinga ezingadingekile zingagcinwa ngemuva kokufakwa.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani izimbobo ze-PCB ukunciphisa i-EMI?

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, izimbobo zokufaka i-PCB zisiza ukuvikela i-PCB ezindlini. Kodwa-ke, lokhu ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kwemishini, ngaphezu komsebenzi we-electromagnetic, izimbobo zokufaka i-PCB zingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI). Ama-PCBS azwela ngama-emi ajwayele ukufakwa ezivalekweni zensimbi. Ukuze wehlise ngempumelelo i-EMI, izimbobo zokufaka i-PCB ezifakiwe kufanele zixhunywe phansi. Ngemuva kwalesi sihlangu sokubeka phansi, noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kuzoqondiswa kusuka endaweni ebiyelwe yensimbi kuye phansi.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani izimbobo ze-PCB ukunciphisa i-EMI? Kungani ukuxhumana komhlaba kubalulekile?

Umbuzo ovamile obuzwe ngumklami omusha ojwayelekile uthi uyixhuma kumuphi umhlaba? Kuma-elekthronikhi ajwayelekile, kunezibonakaliso, izisekelo zezindlu kanye nokubeka phansi. Njengomthetho wesithupha, ungaxhumi izimbobo ezikhuphukayo ukukhombisa umhlabathi. Umhlabathi wesiginali uyisethenjwa sezinto ze-elekthronikhi ekwakhiweni kwesekethe yakho, futhi ukwethula ukuphazanyiswa kwamandla kagesi kulo akuwona umqondo omuhle.

Okufuna ukukuxhuma yisisekelo secala. Yilapho konke ukuxhumana kwesisekelo sekhabhinethi kuhlangana khona. Isisekelo seChassis kufanele sixhunywe ngasikhathi sinye, okungcono ngokuxhuma kwenkanyezi. Lokhu kugwema ukudala izingodo zokubeka phansi nokuxhumeka okuningi kokusekela. Ukuxhumeka kokusekelwa okuningi kungadala umehluko omncane wamandla futhi kubangele ukugeleza kwamanje phakathi kokumiswa kwe-chassis. I-chassis bese ibekwa phansi phansi ngezinyathelo zokuphepha.

Kungani kubalulekile ukuba nokuxhumana okufanelekile?

Uma isisekelo segobolondo sebhodi le-PCB siyigobolondo lensimbi, khona-ke lonke igobolondo lensimbi ngumhlaba. Intambo yomhlaba kagesi ka-220V ixhunywe emhlabeni. Zonke izixhumi zokuxhumana zidinga ukuxhunyaniswa nomhlaba, futhi nezikulufo kufanele futhi zixhunywe emhlabeni. Ngale ndlela, ukuphazamiseka okungenayo ekuhlolweni kwe-EMC kukhishwa ngqo kusuka phansi kuya phansi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa uhlelo lwangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadivayisi wokuvikela we-EMC kufanele abe nokusebenzisana ngakunye, futhi kufanele asondele kusixhumi esibonakalayo.

Uma kuyipulasitiki, kungcono ukuthi kufakwe ipuleti lensimbi kuyo. Uma ingekho indlela yokufeza, lapho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele okuningi kusakhiwo sezintambo, isinali elizwelayo (iwashi, ukusetha kabusha, i-crystal oscillator, njll.) Ulayini udinga ukuvikela ukucubungula komhlaba, ukwandisa inethiwekhi yokuhlunga (chip, crystal oscillator , Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi).

Ukuxhuma izimbobo zokufaka ophahleni kufesi chassis kuwumkhuba omuhle kakhulu, kepha hhayi ukuphela kwendlela engcono kakhulu ongayilandela. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi yakho ivikelekile, isisekelo sakho se-chassis kufanele sixhunywe kwisizinda esifanelekile sokubeka phansi. Isibonelo, uma wakha umshini wokukhokha wokupaka othomathikhi ongabekiwe kahle, ungahle ube namakhasimende ekhononda “ngokushaqeka kukagesi” ngenkathi ukhokha. Lokhu kungenzeka lapho ikhasimende lithinta ingxenye yensimbi engavikeleki yendawo ebiyelwe.

Ukushaqeka okuncane kagesi kungenzeka futhi lapho i-chassis yamandla wekhompyutha ingabekiwe kahle. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi lapho izintambo zomhlaba ezixhuma izindawo zikagesi phansi kwesakhiwo zingasaxhumeki. Lokhu kungaholela ekubekeni ezintantayo emshinini ohambisanayo.

Umgomo wokuvikela i-EMI uncike ekuxhumaneni okuyisisekelo okufanelekile. Ukuba nokuxhumeka okuntantayo komhlaba akuvezi nje kuphela ikhasimende lakho ekushoneni okuncane kagesi, kepha kungabeka engozini ukuphepha kwekhasimende lakho uma idivayisi yakho imfushane. Njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingezansi, ukubekwa phansi okufanele kubalulekile ekuphepheni nasekuvikelweni kwe-EMI.

Amasu ayisisekelo okuklama izimbobo zokufaka i-PCB

Izimbobo zokufaka i-PCB zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuklama. Kunemithetho embalwa eyisisekelo elula uma kukhulunywa ngezimbobo ezikhuphukayo. Okokuqala, naka izixhumanisi zemigodi ekhuphukayo. Iphutha lapha lizoholela ngqo ekutheni i-PCB yakho ingafakwa kahle ezindlini zayo. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi umgodi okhuphukayo usayizi ofanele wesikulufa osikhethayo.

Isoftware enhle yokwakhiwa kwesekethe, efana nesoftware yokulandelana kwe-Altium Designer, ingabeka ngqo izimbobo ezikhuphukayo futhi ichaze imithetho ehambisana nokuhlukaniswa okuphephile. Musa ukubeka izimbobo zokufaka kude kakhulu emaphethelweni e-PCB. Izinto ezincane kakhulu zedizili emaphethelweni zingadala imifantu ku-PCB ngesikhathi sokufakwa noma ukuqaqwa. Kufanele futhi ushiye isikhala esanele phakathi kwezimbobo ezihlanganayo nezinye izingxenye.