Wasu da aka saba amfani da su PCB hanyoyin shimfidawa

Galibi tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki, abubuwan da ke tasiri:

Hanyar Hanya Dama Dama

Yayi garkuwar waya

Matsalar tawaya

Dogon layin tuƙi

Rage hayaniyar fitarwa

Dalilin shi ne diode juya halin yanzu ba zato ba tsammani da madauki rarraba inductance. Diode junction capacitors samar da high-mita attenuation oscillations, da kuma daidai jerin inductance na tace capacitors raunana rawar da tacewa, don haka mafita ga kololuwar kutsawa a cikin fitarwa waveform gyara shi ne don ƙara kananan inductor da high mita capacitors.

Don diodes, ya kamata a yi la’akari da matsakaicin ƙarfin ƙarfin amsawa, matsakaicin halin yanzu na gaba, baya na yanzu, juzu’in ƙarfin lantarki da mitar aiki.

Hanyoyi na asali na ikon hana tsangwama sune:

Ana amfani da mai sarrafa wutar lantarki na AC da matatar wutar AC don nunawa da ware wutar lantarki, kuma ana amfani da varistor don ɗaukar ƙarfin lantarki. A cikin yanayi na musamman cewa ingancin wutar lantarki yana da girma sosai, ana iya amfani da saitin janareta ko inverter don samar da wutar lantarki, kamar UPS na kan layi wanda ba ya katse wutar lantarki. Dauki raba wutar lantarki da rarraba wutar lantarki. Ana haɗa capacitor mai haɗawa tsakanin wutar lantarki na kowane PCB da ƙasa. Yakamata a dauki matakan kariya ga taransfoma. An yi amfani da TVS mai jujjuya wutar lantarki. TVS na’urar kariyar da’ira ce da ake amfani da ita sosai wacce za ta iya ɗaukar ƙarfin haɓaka har zuwa kilowatts da yawa. TVS yana da tasiri musamman akan tsayayyen wutar lantarki, overvoltage, tsoma bakin grid, yajin walƙiya, kunna wuta, juyar da wutar lantarki da hayaniyar mota/ƙarar da girgiza.

Canjin analog na Multichannel: A cikin ma’auni da tsarin sarrafawa, yawan sarrafawa da madaidaicin madauki sau da yawa hanyoyi da yawa ko dozin. Ana amfani da da’irori na yau da kullun na A/D da D/A don A/D da D/A na jujjuya sigogin tashoshi masu yawa. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da maɓallin analog da yawa don sauya hanya tsakanin kowane da’irar sarrafawa ko gwadawa da kuma A / D da D / A da’irar jujjuya bi da bi, don cimma manufar sarrafa raba lokaci da gano mai tafiya. Ana haɗa siginar shigarwa da yawa zuwa amplifier ko mai canza A / D ta hanyar multixer ta hanyar hanyar haɗin kai-ɗaya da bambanci, wanda ke da ƙarfin hana tsangwama.

Canje-canje na faruwa lokacin da multixer ke juyawa daga wannan tasho zuwa wancan, yana haifar da juzu’in ƙarfin lantarki a wurin fitarwa. Don kawar da kuskuren da wannan al’amari ya haifar, ana iya amfani da da’irar da’ira tsakanin abubuwan da ake fitarwa na multixer da amplifier, ko kuma hanyar yin samfurin jinkirin software.

Shigar da mai canza multix sau da yawa ana ƙazantar da su ta hanyar hayaniyar muhalli iri-iri, musamman amo na gama gari. An haɗa shaƙar yanayin gama-gari zuwa ƙarshen shigarwar mai canza multix don murkushe hayaniyar yanayin mitar gama gari da na’urori masu auna firikwensin waje suka gabatar. Babban hayaniyar mitar da aka haifar yayin babban samfurin mitar mai canzawa ba kawai yana rinjayar daidaiton aunawa ba, har ma yana iya haifar da microcontroller ya rasa iko. A lokaci guda kuma, saboda girman gudun SCM, shi ma babbar hanyar hayaniya ce don mai canza multix. Saboda haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da ma’auni na photoelectric tsakanin microcontroller da keɓewar A/D.

Amfilifa: Zaɓin amplifier gabaɗaya yana amfani da haɗe-haɗen haɓaka aiki daban-daban. A cikin hadaddun da matsananciyar yanayin aiki na firikwensin, yakamata a zaɓi ma’aunin ma’auni. Yana da halaye na babban shigarwar impedance, ƙarancin fitarwa mai ƙarfi, juriya mai ƙarfi ga tsangwama na yanayin gama gari, ƙarancin zafin jiki, ƙarancin wutar lantarki da riba mai ƙarfi, don haka ana amfani da shi azaman preamplifier a cikin tsarin sa ido mara ƙarfi. Ana iya amfani da na’urori masu haɓakawa don hana hayaniyar yanayin gama gari shiga tsarin. Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙarawa yana da halaye na kyakkyawan layi da kwanciyar hankali, babban rabo na kin amincewa da yanayin gama gari, da’irar aikace-aikace mai sauƙi da samun haɓaka mai canzawa. Za’a iya zaɓar 2B30 / 2B31 module tare da haɓakawa, tacewa da ayyukan motsa jiki lokacin amfani da firikwensin juriya. Adaftar siginar juriya ce tare da babban madaidaici, ƙaramar amo da cikakkun ayyuka.

High impedance yana gabatar da amo: Maɗaukakin shigar da matsa lamba yana da kula da shigar da halin yanzu. Wannan yana faruwa idan gubar daga babban shigarwar impedance yana kusa da gubar mai saurin canzawar ƙarfin lantarki (kamar layin siginar dijital ko agogo), inda aka haɗa cajin zuwa babban jagorar impedance ta hanyar ƙarfin parasitic.

Ana nuna alaƙar kebul ɗin biyu a hoto na 7. A cikin adadi, ƙimar ƙarfin parasitic tsakanin igiyoyi biyu ya dogara ne akan nisa tsakanin igiyoyi (d) da tsawon igiyoyin biyu da suka rage a layi daya (L). Yin amfani da wannan ƙirar, halin yanzu da aka samar a cikin manyan wayoyi masu ƙarfi daidai yake da: I = C dV/dt

Inda: Ni ne halin yanzu na high-impedance wiring, C ne capacitance darajar tsakanin biyu PCB wayoyi, dV ne da ƙarfin lantarki canji na wayoyi tare da sauyawa mataki, dt ne lokacin da ake dauka don ƙarfin lantarki canja daga daya matakin zuwa na gaba matakin.

A cikin kirtan ƙafar RESET zuwa cikin juriya na 20K, haɓaka aikin hana tsangwama sosai, juriya dole ne ya dogara da ƙafar sake saitin CPU.