Pazosinthira zamagetsi zilizonse, kapangidwe kake ka PCB bolodi ndiye ulalo womaliza. Ngati njira yopangirayo ili yosayenera, PCB imatha kuwunikira kwambiri kusokoneza kwamagetsi ndikupangitsa kuti magetsi azigwira ntchito mosakhazikika. M’munsimu muli zinthu zofunika kuziganizira pa sitepe iliyonse.

1. Mapangidwe akuyenda kuchokera ku schema mpaka ku PCB

Khazikitsani magawo a zigawo-“input principle netlist -” zoikamo zopangira-“masanjidwe apamanja-“wiring pamanja -” mapangidwe otsimikizira-“kuwunikanso -” zotuluka za CAM.

2. Kuyika kwa Parameter

Mtunda pakati pa mawaya oyandikana nawo uyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zachitetezo chamagetsi, ndipo kuti athe kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi kupanga, mtunda uyenera kukhala wotakata momwe ungathere. Kutalikirana kocheperako kuyenera kukhala koyenera kunyamula

Voteji

Pamene kachulukidwe ka mawaya ali otsika, mipata ya mizere yolumikizira imatha kukulitsidwa moyenera. Kwa mizere yolumikizira yokwera ndi yotsika, masinthidwe azikhala aafupi momwe angathere ndipo masitayilo awonjezeke. Nthawi zambiri, masitayilo amawaya amakhala 8mil. Mtunda pakati pa m’mphepete mwa dzenje lamkati la pad ndi m’mphepete mwa bolodi losindikizidwa liyenera kukhala lalikulu kuposa 1mm, zomwe zingapewe zolakwika za pad panthawi yokonza. Pamene zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mapepala zimakhala zopyapyala, kugwirizana pakati pa mapepala ndi zizindikiro ziyenera kupangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe a dontho. Ubwino wa izi ndikuti mapadi sali osavuta kusenda, koma zowunikira ndi mapadi sizimaduka mosavuta.

3. Chigawo chachigawo

Kuchita kwatsimikizira kuti ngakhale

dera

Kukonzekera kwadongosolo ndi kolondola, ndipo bolodi losindikizidwa losindikizidwa silinapangidwe bwino.

zamagetsi

Kudalirika kwa zida kumakhudzidwa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mizere iwiri yopyapyala yofananira ya bolodi yosindikizidwa ili pafupi, mawonekedwe a mafunde amachedwa ndipo phokoso lowonekera lidzapangidwa pa terminal ya chingwe chotumizira. Kuchita kumatsika, kotero popanga bolodi losindikizidwa, muyenera kulabadira njira yoyenera. Mphamvu iliyonse yosinthira imakhala ndi mafunde anayi

Chingwe:

Mphamvu yosinthira AC yozungulira

Zowongolera zotulutsa za AC

Chizindikiro cholowetsera chizolowezi chamakono

Kutulutsa kwa loop yaposachedwa ya loop

Dulani pafupifupi DC yamakono kuti mulowetse

mphamvu

Kulipiritsa, fyuluta capacitor makamaka ntchito ngati burodibandi mphamvu yosungirako; mofananamo, chotulutsa fyuluta capacitor chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kusunga mphamvu yafupipafupi kuchokera ku chowongolera chotulutsa ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuchotsa mphamvu ya DC ya loop yotulutsa katundu. Chifukwa chake, ma terminals a zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa zosefera ndizofunikira kwambiri. Zolowetsa ndi zotuluka pakali pano ziyenera kulumikizidwa kokha ndi magetsi kuchokera ku ma terminals a fyuluta capacitor motsatana; ngati kugwirizana pakati pa kulowetsa / kutulutsa kuzungulira ndi mphamvu yowonjezera / rectifier loop sikungagwirizane ndi capacitor The terminal imagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji, ndipo mphamvu ya AC idzalowetsedwa mu chilengedwe ndi cholowetsa kapena chotulutsa fyuluta capacitor.

Dongosolo la AC la chosinthira mphamvu ndi AC yozungulira ya rectifier imakhala ndi mafunde amplitude trapezoidal. Zigawo za harmonic za mafundewa ndizokwera kwambiri. Ma frequency ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa ma frequency a switch. Kukula kwapamwamba kumatha kukhala kuwirikiza ka 5 kuchulukitsa kwamagetsi opitilira / zotulutsa za DC. Nthawi yosinthira nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupifupi 50ns. Malupu awiriwa ndi omwe amakonda kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma, kotero malupu a AC awa ayenera kuyalidwa pamaso pa mizere ina yosindikizidwa mumagetsi. Zigawo zitatu zazikuluzikulu za lupu lililonse ndi zosefera ma capacitor, zosinthira mphamvu kapena zosinthira,

kulephera

transformer

Ayenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mzake, sinthani malo a zigawozo kuti njira yomwe ilipo pakati pawo ikhale yochepa momwe mungathere.

Njira yabwino yokhazikitsira masinthidwe amagetsi osinthira ndikufanana ndi kapangidwe kake kamagetsi. Njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira izi ndi iyi:

1. Ikani thiransifoma

2. Pangani chosinthira chamagetsi chamakono

3. Konzani chowongolera chowongolera pakali pano

4. Dongosolo loyang’anira lolumikizidwa ndi dera lamagetsi la AC

Kupanga kolowera komweku komwe kumayambira kuzungulira ndi kulowa

sefa

Mukamapanga loop yotulutsa katundu ndi zosefera zotulutsa molingana ndi gawo loyendera dera, poyala magawo onse adera, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:

Chinthu choyamba kuganizira ndi kukula kwa PCB. Pamene kukula kwa PCB kuli kwakukulu, mizere yosindikizidwa idzakhala yaitali, kusokoneza kudzawonjezeka, mphamvu yotsutsa phokoso idzachepa, ndipo mtengo udzawonjezeka; ngati kukula kwa PCB kuli kochepa kwambiri, kutentha kwa kutentha sikungakhale bwino, ndipo mizere yoyandikana nayo idzasokonezeka mosavuta. Mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a board board ndi amakona anayi, okhala ndi chiyerekezo cha 3: 2 kapena 4: 3. Zigawo zomwe zili m’mphepete mwa bolodi lozungulira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosachepera 2mm kutali ndi m’mphepete mwa bolodi. Mukayika zigawozo, ganizirani za soldering zam’tsogolo, osati zowonda kwambiri Tengani gawo lalikulu la dera lililonse logwira ntchito ngati likulu ndikuyala mozungulira. Zigawozi ziyenera kukhala zofanana, zokonzedwa bwino komanso zowonongeka pa PCB, kuchepetsa ndi kufupikitsa kutsogolera ndi kugwirizana pakati pa zigawozo, ndi decoupling capacitor iyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi VCC ya chipangizocho. Madera omwe amagwira ntchito pama frequency apamwamba ayenera kuganizira za zigawozo. Magawo ogawa. Kawirikawiri, dera liyenera kukonzedwa mofanana momwe zingathere. Mwa njira iyi, sizokongola kokha, komanso zosavuta kukhazikitsa ndi solder, komanso zosavuta kupanga zokolola. Konzani malo a gawo lililonse logwira ntchito molingana ndi kayendedwe ka dera, kotero kuti masanjidwewo ndi osavuta kuyenda kwazizindikiro, ndipo chizindikirocho chimakhala chokhazikika momwe mungathere. Mfundo yoyamba ya masanjidwe ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mawaya a waya. Samalani kugwirizana kwa mayendedwe owuluka mukasuntha chipangizocho, ndikuyika zida zolumikizidwa palimodzi kuti muchepetse malo ozungulira momwe mungathere kuti mutseke kusokoneza kwa ma radiation a magetsi osinthira.

4. Kulumikizana

Mphamvu yosinthira imakhala ndi ma siginecha apamwamba kwambiri. Mzere uliwonse wosindikizidwa pa PCB ukhoza kugwira ntchito ngati mlongoti. Kutalika ndi m’lifupi mwa mzere wosindikizidwa zidzakhudza impedance yake ndi inductance, motero zimakhudza kuyankha pafupipafupi. Ngakhale mizere yosindikizidwa yomwe imadutsa ma siginecha a DC imatha kulumikizana ndi ma siginecha a wailesi kuchokera ku mizere yosindikizidwa yoyandikana ndikuyambitsa mavuto ozungulira (ngakhalenso ma siginecha osokoneza). Choncho, mizere yonse yosindikizidwa yomwe imadutsa AC panopa iyenera kupangidwa kuti ikhale yaifupi komanso yayikulu momwe zingathere, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zigawo zonse zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mizere yosindikizidwa ndi mizere ina yamagetsi iyenera kuikidwa pafupi kwambiri.

Kutalika kwa mzere wosindikizidwa ndi wofanana ndi inductance ndi impedance, ndipo m’lifupi mwake ndi mosagwirizana ndi inductance ndi impedance ya mzere wosindikizidwa. Utali wake umasonyeza kutalika kwa yankho la mzere wosindikizidwa. Kutalikirako, kumachepetsa mafupipafupi omwe mzere wosindikizidwa umatha kutumiza ndi kulandira mafunde a electromagnetic, ndipo umatha kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri zamawayilesi. Malinga ndi kukula kwa gulu losindikizidwa dera panopa, yesetsani kuonjezera m’lifupi mwa mzere mphamvu kuchepetsa kuzungulira kukana. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pangani mayendedwe a mzere wamagetsi ndi mzere wapansi kuti ukhale wogwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika panopa, zomwe zimathandiza kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zotsutsana ndi phokoso. Kuyika pansi ndi nthambi yapansi ya malupu anayi apano a magetsi osinthira. Zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ngati malo odziwika bwino a dera, ndipo ndi njira yofunikira yoletsa kusokoneza. Choncho, kuyika kwa waya wapansi kuyenera kuganiziridwa mosamalitsa pakukonzekera. Kusakaniza maziko osiyanasiyana kumayambitsa kusakhazikika kwa magetsi.