Akungabazeki ukuthi indalo schematic futhi PCB ukwakheka kuyizici ezibalulekile zobunjiniyela bukagesi, futhi kunengqondo ukuthi izinsiza ezifana nezindatshana zobuchwepheshe, amanothi ohlelo lokusebenza, nezincwadi zokufunda zivame ukugxila kulezi zingxenye zenqubo yokuklama. Kodwa-ke, akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi uma ungazi ukuthi ungaguqula kanjani ifayela lokuklama eliqediwe libe yibhodi lesifunda elihlangene, i-schematic ne-layout akusizi kakhulu. Ngisho noma ujwayelene noku-oda nokuhlanganisa ama-PCB, ungase ungazi ukuthi izinketho ezithile zingakusiza uthole imiphumela eyanele ngenani eliphansi.

Ngeke ngixoxe ngokwenziwa kwe-DIY kwama-PCB, futhi angikwazi ukuncoma ngokwethembeka le ndlela. Namuhla, ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB okuqeqeshiwe ishibhile kakhulu futhi kulula, futhi sekukonke, umphumela ungcono kakhulu.

Sekuyisikhathi eside ngihlanganyela ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB ezimele futhi enevolumu ephansi, futhi kancane kancane ngathola ulwazi olwanele olufanele ukuze ngibhale i-athikili eningilizayo ngale ndaba. Noma kunjalo, ngingumuntu nje futhi ngokuqinisekile angazi yonke into, ngakho-ke ngicela ningangabazi ukwelula umsebenzi wami ngesigaba sokuphawula esisekupheleni kwalesi sihloko. Siyabonga ngegalelo lakho.

Isikimu esiyisisekelo

I-schematic ikakhulukazi yakhiwe izingxenye nezintambo ezixhunywe ngendlela ekhiqiza ukuziphatha okufiswayo kagesi. Izintambo zizoba yimikhondo noma zithele ithusi.

Lezi zingxenye zihlanganisa izinyathelo (amaphethini omhlaba), okungamasethi ezimbobo kanye/noma amaphedi okukhweza angaphezulu afana netheminali yejometri yengxenye ebonakalayo. Izinyathelo zezinyawo zingaqukatha imigqa, izimo, nombhalo. Le migqa, umumo, nombhalo sekuhlangene kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphrinta kwesikrini. Lezi ziboniswa ku-PCB njengezinto ezibonakalayo kuphela. Abawuhambisi ugesi futhi ngeke baphazamise umsebenzi wesekethe.

Isibalo esilandelayo sinikeza izibonelo zezingxenye zohlelo kanye nezinyathelo ezihambisanayo ze-PCB (imigqa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ikhombisa amaphedi okugxiviza okuxhumeke kuwo iphinikhodi ngayinye).

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Guqula isikimu sibe isakhiwo se-PCB

I-schematic ephelele iguqulwa isofthiwe ye-CAD ibe isakhiwo se-PCB esakhiwe izingxenye zephakheji nemigqa; leli gama elingajabulisi libhekisela ekuxhumekeni kukagesi okungakaguqulwa kube ukuxhumana okubonakalayo.

Umklami uqale ahlele izingxenye, bese esebenzisa imigqa njengomhlahlandlela wokudala iminonjana, ukuthululwa kwethusi, kanye nama-vias. Imbobo ethi A ngokusebenzisa imbobo encane enokuxhumana kukagesi kuzendlalelo ze-PCB (noma izendlalelo eziningi). Isibonelo, i-thermal via ingase ixhunywe kungqimba lwangaphakathi lomhlabathi, futhi ucingo lwethusi lomhlabathi luzothululelwa phansi ebhodini).

Ukuqinisekisa: Khomba izinkinga kusakhiwo se-PCB

Isinyathelo sokugcina ngaphambi kokuqala kwesigaba sokukhiqiza sibizwa ngokuthi ukuqinisekiswa. Umqondo ojwayelekile lapha ukuthi amathuluzi e-CAD azozama ukuthola amaphutha esakhiwo ngaphambi kokuthi athinte kabi umsebenzi webhodi noma aphazamise inqubo yokukhiqiza.

Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokuqinisekisa (yize kungase kube nezinhlobo eziningi):

Ukuxhunywa kukagesi: Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zenethiwekhi zixhunywe ngohlobo oluthile lwesakhiwo sokuqhuba.

Ukuvumelana phakathi kwesikimu nesakhiwo: Lokhu kuzibonakalisa. Ngicabanga ukuthi amathuluzi e-CAD ahlukene anezindlela ezihlukile zokufeza leli fomu lokuqinisekisa.

I-DRC (Ukuhlola Umthetho Wokuklama): Lokhu kuhambisana ikakhulukazi nesihloko sokwenziwa kwe-PCB, ngoba imithetho yokuklama iyimikhawulo okufanele uyibeke kusakhiwo sakho ukuze uqinisekise ukukhiqiza okuphumelelayo. Imithetho evamile yokuklama ihlanganisa isikhala esincane sokulandela umkhondo, ububanzi obuncane bokulandelela, kanye nobubanzi obuncane bokubhoboza. Lapho ubeka ibhodi lesifunda, kulula ukwephula imithetho yokuklama, ikakhulukazi uma uphuthuma. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa umsebenzi we-DRC wethuluzi le-CAD. Isibalo esingezansi sidlulisa imithetho yokuklama engiyisebenzisele ibhodi lokulawula irobhothi le-C-BISCUIT.

Imisebenzi ye-PCB ifakwe kuhlu ngokuvundlile nangokuqondile. Inani elisempambana wemigqa namakholomu ahambisana nezici ezimbili libonisa ubuncane bokuhlukaniswa (ngama-mils) phakathi kwezici ezimbili. Isibonelo, uma ubheka umugqa ohambelana ne “Ibhodi” bese uya kukholomu ehambisana ne “Pad”, uzothola ukuthi ibanga elincane phakathi kwephedi kanye nomkhawulo webhodi yi-11 mils.