Kuyini igolide elisetshenziswa PCB yokukhiqiza?

Amabhizinisi nabathengi bathembele kumadivayisi kagesi cishe kuzo zonke izici zempilo yabo yansuku zonke.Izimoto zigcwele ibhodi yesifunda ephrintiwe (PCB) yakho konke kusuka ekukhanyeni nasekuzijabuliseni kuya kuzinzwa ezilawula ukusebenza kwemisebenzi ebucayi yemishini. Amakhompyutha, amathebulethi, ama-smartphone kanye namathoyizi amaningi izingane eziwajabulelayo zisebenzisa izinto ze-elekthronikhi ne-PCB ekwenzeni imisebenzi yazo eyinkimbinkimbi.

Abaqambi be-PCB banamuhla babhekene nenselelo yokwakha amabhodi athembekile enza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ngenkathi elawula izindleko nokwehlisa usayizi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuma-Smartphones, ama-drones nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, lapho isisindo kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuzimpawu ze-PCB.

Igolide liyinto ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-PCB, futhi unake “iminwe” ekubonisweni okuningi kwe-PCB, kufaka phakathi oxhumana nabo bensimbi abenziwe ngegolide. Le minwe imvamisa iyinsimbi enezinhlavu eziningi futhi ingafaka into eboshwe ngengqimba yokugcina yegolide, enjengethini, umthofu, i-cobalt noma i-nickel. Laba oxhumana nabo begolide babalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-PCB evelayo, kusungula ukuxhumana nomkhiqizo oqukethe ibhodi.

Kungani igolide?

Umbala wegolide wemfanelo wenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-PCB. Izixhumi ezingamaphethelo egolide zinikela ngokuqedwa kobuso okungaguquguquki kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezigqokwa kakhulu, njengezindawo zokufakwa kwepuleti. Ubuso begolide obukhuni bunendawo ezinzile emelana nokugqoka okubangelwa yilomsebenzi ophindaphindiwe.

Ngokwemvelo, igolide likulungele ukusetshenziswa kwezobuchwepheshe:

Kulula ukwakha nokusebenzisa izixhumi, izintambo noxhumana nabo abadluliselwe kubo

Igolide liqhuba ugesi kahle kakhulu (imfuneko esobala yezicelo ze-PCB)

Ingathwala inani elincane lamanje, elibaluleke kakhulu ku-elektroniki yanamuhla.

Ezinye izinsimbi zingahlanganiswa negolide, njenge-nickel noma i-cobalt

Akukwenzi umbala noma ukonakalise, okwenza kube indawo yokuxhumana ethembekile

Ukuncibilikisa nokusebenzisa kabusha igolide kuyinqubo elula

Isiliva nethusi kuphela okunikeza ukuqhutshwa kwamandla kagesi okuphezulu, kepha ngakunye kuthambekele ekugqoleni, kudale ukumelana kwamanje

Ngisho nezicelo zegolide ezincanyana zinikeza oxhumana nabo abathembekile futhi abazinzile abanokumelana okuphansi

Ukuxhumeka kwegolide kungamelana nokushisa okuphezulu

Ukwehluka kobukhulu i-NIS ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezicelo ezithile

Cishe yonke imishini ye-elekthronikhi inezinga elithile legolide, kufaka phakathi i-TVS, ama-smartphones, amakhompyutha, amadivayisi we-GPS, nobuchwepheshe obugqokekayo. Amakhompyutha ayisicelo semvelo se-PCBS equkethe igolide nezinye izinto zegolide, ngenxa yesidingo sokudluliswa okuthembekile, kwejubane eliphezulu kwezimpawu zedijithali ezilungele kangcono igolide kunanoma iyiphi enye insimbi.

Igolide alinakulinganiswa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza kufaka phakathi amandla we-voltage ephansi kanye nokumelana okuphansi, okwenza kube inketho ekahle yoxhumana nabo be-PCB nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-elekthronikhi. Ukusetshenziswa kwegolide ezintweni zikagesi manje kudlula kude ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi eziyigugu kubucwebe.

Elinye igalelo elenziwe yigolide kubuchwepheshe imboni ye-aerospace. Ngenxa yesikhathi sokuphila esiphakeme nokuthembeka kokuxhuma kwegolide kanye ne-PCBS okuhlanganiswe nemikhumbi-mkhathi neziphuphutheki, igolide kwaba ukukhetha kwemvelo kwezinto ezibucayi.

Ezinye izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa ku-PCB

Vele, kukhona izingqinamba ekusebenziseni igolide ku-PCBS:

Intengo – Igolide liyinsimbi eyigugu enezinsizakusebenza ezinqunyelwe, okwenza kube yinto ebizayo esetshenziswa ezigidini zamadivayisi kagesi.

Ukulahleka kwezinsizakusebenza – isibonelo esisodwa ukusetshenziswa kwegolide kumadivayisi wanamuhla njengama-smartphone. Iningi lama-smartphones aliphindi lisetshenziswe kabusha, futhi ukulahlwa ngokunganaki kungalahlekelwa unomphela inani elincane legolide. Yize inani lincane, inani lemishini yokulahla inkulu futhi lingaveza inani elikhulu legolide elingashintshiwe.

Ukuzimboza ngokwakho kungathambekela ekugqokeni nasekugcobeni ngaphansi kwezimo eziphindaphindwayo noma eziphakeme zokufaka / ukuslayida. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kusebenze kahle kakhulu ukusebenzisa izinto ezinzima zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingxenyeni ezihambisanayo. Okunye ukucatshangelwa kokusetshenziswa kwe-PCB ukuhlanganisa igolide nenye insimbi, njenge-nickel noma i-cobalt, ukwakha i-alloy ebizwa ngokuthi “igolide eliqinile”.

I-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ibika ukuthi i-e-waste ikhula ngokushesha ukwedlula noma iyiphi enye into edotiwayo. Lokhu akubandakanyi ukulahleka kwegolide kuphela, kepha futhi nezinye izinsimbi eziyigugu kanye nezinto ezinobuthi.

Abakhiqizi be-PCB kumele balinganise ngokucophelela ukusetshenziswa kwegolide ekukhiqizeni i-PCB: ukusebenzisa insimbi encane kakhulu kungalulaza noma kulimaze ibhodi. Ukusebenzisa ukushuba okwengeziwe kuba kudla imali futhi kubize ukukhiqiza.

Njengamanje, abakhiqizi be-PCB banezinketho ezilinganiselwe kakhulu noma ezinye izindlela zokuphila ngokuvumelana namakhono nezakhiwo zemvelo zama-alloys egolide noma egolide. Ngisho nenani layo eliphakeme, le nsimbi eyigugu ngokungangabazeki iyinto ekhethwayo yokwakhiwa kwe-PCB.