PCB structar:

Tha PCB bunaiteach a ’toirt a-steach pìos de stuth dìon agus còmhdach de foil copair, lannaichte air an t-substrate. Bidh dealbhan ceimigeach a ’dealachadh copar gu luaidhe air leth ris an canar slighean no lorgan cuairteachaidh, padalan airson ceanglaichean, tuill troimhe airson ceanglaichean a ghluasad eadar sreathan copair, agus feartan raointean a tha làidir airson dìon EM no airson diofar adhbharan. Bidh na rèilichean a ’frithealadh mar uèirichean air an cumail nan àite agus tha iad air an insaladh bho chèile le stuthan substrate adhair agus PCB. Is dòcha gu bheil còmhdach air uachdar a ’PCB a dhìonas an copar bho bhith a’ truailleadh agus a lùghdaicheas an cothrom gun tèid solder a ghiorrachadh eadar lorgan no conaltradh dealain gun iarraidh le uèirichean gun lorg air seacharan. Air sgàth a chomas ro-innse cuairtean goirid tàthaidh, canar an aghaidh solder ris a ’chòmhdach.

In addition, the main design as well as the necessary steps required for PCB design should be discussed.

Simple PCB design:

There are many PCB design tutorials on the Internet, basic PCB design steps and major PCB design software currently in use. But if you want a complete guide on PCB structural design and the different types and models, there is an informative portal on the Internet about PCBS called RAYMING PCB& Pàirtean. A h-uile prototypes PCB agus diofar thagraidhean PCB, gheibhear a h-uile dad air an làrach portal seo.

Gus PCB a dhealbhadh, feumaidh sinn an toiseach an diagram sgeama den PCB a tharraing. Bheir an sgeama dhut plana-gorm den PCB, a chuireas an structar a-mach no a lorgas suidheachadh diofar phàirtean air a ’PCB.

Ceumannan dealbhaidh PCB:

The following are the necessary steps to design a PCB;

Install software to design the PCB.

Design using PCB design software schematic.

Set the cable width.

An sealladh 3 d

Bathar-bog dealbhaidh PCB:

There are many different and useful software on the market for designing the schematic part of a PCB. This is what the schematic part of a PCB looks like;

Understand PCB and learn simple PCB design and PCB proofing

Figure 2: SCHEMATIC diagram of PCB circuit

Gus am pàirt sgeamaigeach de PCB a dhealbhadh, thathas a ’cleachdadh mòran de bhathar-bog, a’ cleachdadh sa mhòr-chuid;

KiCad

Proteus

na h-iolaire

Orcad

Dealbhaich PCB air Proteus:

Proteus is currently used to design PCBS. It is very easy to use and anyone who is not familiar with it will quickly become familiar with it and have all the features. Tha seo air sgàth gu bheil eadar-aghaidh gu math sònraichte agus furasta a chleachdadh. Is urrainn dhut gu furasta na pàirtean gu lèir a tha thu airson a chur ris a ’PCB agad a lorg. Faodar diofar uèirichean agus an eadar-cheanglaichean a dhèanamh gu furasta cuideachd.

Understand PCB and learn simple PCB design and PCB proofing

Familiarity with software is essential to getting the job done. Proteus provides a lot of convenience to find all the necessary components that you want to have in your PCB. You can easily access connections and all tools from the main window, as shown in the image above. Faodaidh luchd-cleachdaidh cuideachd modalan de dhiofar phàirtean fhaicinn, gus an urrainn dhaibh inneal a thaghadh le modail sònraichte gus PCB a dhealbhadh.

The complete PCB design created on Proteus is given below;

Understand PCB and learn simple PCB design and PCB proofing

Figure 4: PCB layout design

Tha cruth iomlan PCB air a dhealbhadh le bathar-bog Proteus air a shealltainn gu h-àrd. Chìthear gu furasta na diofar phàirtean air an aon ràmh agus air an structaradh còmhla gus coinneachadh ri feumalachdan a ’PCB obrach, capacitor, LED agus na uèirichean uile ceangailte ann an òrdugh.

Routing:

Aon uair ‘s gu bheil am pàirt sgeamaichte de dhealbhadh PCB air a chrìochnachadh le cuideachadh bhon bhathar-bog, bidh uèirleadh a’ PCB a ’tachairt. But before wiring, PCB users can check the validity of the design circuit with the help of simulation. An dèidh sgrùdadh a dhèanamh air èifeachd, tha an t-slighe deiseil. Ann an gnàthachadh, tha a ’mhòr-chuid de bhathar-bog a’ toirt seachad dà roghainn.

Manual routing

Sligheadh ​​fèin-ghluasadach

Ann an stiùireadh làimhe, bidh an neach-cleachdaidh a ’cur gach pàirt fa leth agus ga cheangal a rèir an diagram cuairte, agus mar sin ann an stiùireadh làimhe, chan fheumar an diagram sgeama a tharraing mus tèid a uèirleadh.

A thaobh uèirleadh fèin-ghluasadach, chan fheum an neach-cleachdaidh ach an leud wiring a thaghadh. Then the PCB is designed by automatically placing components through the automatic wiring software, and then connected according to the schematic diagram designed by the user. Try different connection combinations in automatic routing software so that errors do not occur. Faodaidh luchd-cleachdaidh PCBS singilte no ioma-fhilleadh a dhealbhadh a rèir an tagraidh.

Set the cable width:

The width trace depends on the current flow through it. The formula used to calculate trace area is as follows:

An seo is e “I” an teòthachd gnàthach, “δ T”, agus is e “A” an roinn lorg. Now calculate the width of the trace,

Width = Area/(thickness * 1.378)

K = 0.024 for the inner layer and 0.048 for the outer layer

Tha am faidhle ruith airson PCB le dà thaobh a ’coimhead mar seo:

Figure 1: Routing file

Tha loidhnichean buidhe air an cleachdadh airson crìochan PCB, a ’cuingealachadh cruth phàirtean agus cruth wiring ann an uèirleadh fèin-ghluasadach. The red and blue lines show the bottom and top copper traces, respectively.

An sealladh 3 d:

Certain software such as Proteus and KiCad provide 3D view capabilities, which provide a 3D view of the PCB with components placed on it for better visualization. Faodaidh aon a bhith a ’breithneachadh gu furasta cò ris a bhios an cuairteachadh coltach às deidh dha a bhith air a dhèanamh. After wiring, the PDF or Gerber file of the copper wire can be exported and printed on the negative.