PCB isakhiwo:

I-PCB eyisisekelo iqukethe isiqeshana sezinto zokuzivikela kanye nocwecwe lwe-foil yethusi, olunamathele ku-substrate. Imidwebo yamakhemikhali ihlukanisa ithusi ukuhlukanisa imikhondo ebizwa ngamathrekhi noma imikhondo yesekethe, amapayipi wokuxhuma, izimbobo zokudlulisa ukuxhumeka phakathi kwezendlalelo zethusi, nezimpawu zezindawo eziqhuba kahle ukuvikelwa kwe-EM noma ngezinhloso ezihlukile. Ojantshi basebenza njengezintambo ezigcinwe endaweni futhi bahlukaniswa ngumoya nangezinto ze-PCB substrate. Ubuso be-PCB bungaba nesembozo esivikela ithusi ekugqobeni futhi kunciphise amathuba okushoda kwe-solder phakathi kwemikhondo noma ukuxhumana kagesi okungafuneki ngezingcingo ezingadalulwanga. Ngenxa yekhono layo lokuqagela ukushisela amasekhethi amafushane, ukumbozwa kubizwa ngokuthi ukumelana ne-solder.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuklanywa okuyinhloko kanye nezinyathelo ezidingekayo zokwakhiwa kwe-PCB kufanele kuxoxwe ngazo.

Idizayini elula ye-PCB:

Kunezifundo eziningi ze-PCB design on the Internet, izinyathelo eziyisisekelo ze-PCB design kanye nesoftware enkulu ye-PCB design esetshenziswayo njengamanje. Kepha uma ufuna umhlahlandlela ophelele ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo se-PCB nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene namamodeli, kukhona ingosi efundisayo kwi-Intanethi mayelana ne-PCBS ebizwa ngeRAYMING PCB & Izingxenye. Zonke izinhlobo ze-PCB nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene ze-PCB, konke kungatholakala kule sayithi yengosi.

Ukuklama i-PCB, kufanele siqale ngokudweba umdwebo we-PCB. I-schematic izokunikeza uhlelo lwe-PCB, oluzobeka isakhiwo noma ukulandelela indawo yezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ku-PCB.

PCB design izinyathelo:

Lokhu okulandelayo yizinyathelo ezidingekayo zokwakha i-PCB;

Faka isoftware ukuklama i-PCB.

Idizayini esebenzisa i-PCB design software schematic.

Setha ububanzi bekhebula.

Umbono ongu-3 d

Isoftware ye-PCB design:

Kunezinhlelo eziningi ezahlukahlukene nezisebenzisekayo ezimakethe zokuklama ingxenye ye-PCB. Lokhu kubukeka kanjani njengengxenye yesikimu ye-PCB;

Qonda i-PCB futhi ufunde ukwakheka kwe-PCB elula nokuhlola kwe-PCB

Umdwebo 2: Umdwebo weSCHEMATIC wesifunda se-PCB

Ukuze kuklanywe ingxenye ehleliwe ye-PCB, kusetshenziswa ama-software amaningi, ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa;

I-KiCad

I-Proteus

I-Eagle

I-Orcad

Idizayini ye-PCB ku-Proteus:

I-Proteus okwamanje isetshenziselwa ukuklama i-PCBS. Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa futhi noma ubani ongajwayelene nayo uzokwazi ngokushesha futhi abe nazo zonke izici. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ine-interface eyingqayizivele futhi esebenziseka kalula. Ungathola kalula zonke izinto ofuna ukuzengeza ku-PCB yakho. Izintambo ezahlukahlukene nokuxhumeka kwazo kungenziwa kalula.

Qonda i-PCB futhi ufunde ukwakheka kwe-PCB elula nokuhlola kwe-PCB

Ukujwayela isoftware kubalulekile ekwenzeni umsebenzi wenziwe. I-Proteus inikeza okuningi okulula ukuthola zonke izinto ezidingekayo ofuna ukuba nazo kwi-PCB yakho. Ungafinyelela kalula ukuxhumana kanye nawo wonke amathuluzi avela ewindini elikhulu, njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingenhla. Abasebenzisi futhi bangabona amamodeli wezinto ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke bangakhetha idivaysi enemodeli ethile ukuze bakhe i-PCB.

Idizayini ephelele ye-PCB eyenziwe ku-Proteus inikezwe ngezansi;

Qonda i-PCB futhi ufunde ukwakheka kwe-PCB elula nokuhlola kwe-PCB

Umdwebo 4: Idizayini yokuhlelwa kwe-PCB

Ukuhlelwa okuphelele kwe-PCB eyenzelwe kusetshenziswa isoftware yamaProteus kuboniswe ngenhla. Umuntu angabona kalula izingxenye ezahlukahlukene ziqondaniswe futhi zahlelwa ndawonye ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-PCB esebenzayo, i-capacitor, i-LED nazo zonke izintambo ezixhunywe ngokulandelana.

Ukuhamba:

Lapho ingxenye ehleliwe yomklamo we-PCB isiqediwe ngosizo lwesoftware, ukwenziwa kwentambo kwe-PCB kwenzeka. Kepha ngaphambi kokufaka izintambo, abasebenzisi be-PCB bangahlola ubuqiniso besekethe yokuklama ngosizo lokulingisa. Ngemuva kokubheka ubuqiniso, umzila usuphelile. Ekuhambeni, isoftware eningi inikela ngezinketho ezimbili.

Umzila owenziwa ngesandla

Umzila othomathikhi

Kumzila owenziwa ngesandla, umsebenzisi ubeka ingxenye ngayinye ngokuhlukile futhi ayixhume ngokuya ngomdwebo wesifunda, ngakho-ke kumzila wezandla, asikho isidingo sokudweba umdwebo wesikimu ngaphambi kwentambo.

Endabeni yokuxhuma okuzenzakalelayo, umsebenzisi udinga kuphela ukukhetha ububanzi bezintambo. Ngemuva kwalokho i-PCB yakhelwe ngokubeka ngokuzenzakalela izingxenye ngokusebenzisa isoftware ezenzakalelayo, bese ixhunywe ngokuya ngomdwebo wesikimu owenzelwe umsebenzisi. Zama inhlanganisela yokuxhuma ehlukile kusoftware yomzila othomathikhi ukuze amaphutha angenzeki. Abasebenzisi bangakha i-PCBS eyodwa noma enezingqimba eziningi ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza.

Setha ububanzi bekhebula:

Ukulandelwa kobubanzi kuncike ekugelezeni kwamanje kuwo. Ifomula esetshenziselwa ukubala indawo yokulandela umkhondo imi kanje:

Lapha “Mina” izinga lokushisa lamanje, “δ T” liyakhuphuka, futhi i- “A” yisifunda sokulandela umkhondo. Manje bala ububanzi bomkhondo,

Ububanzi = Indawo / (ukujiya * 1.378)

K = 0.024 kusendlalelo sangaphakathi no-0.048 kusendlalelo sangaphandle

Ifayela lokuhambisa i-PCB emaceleni amabili libukeka kanjena:

Umdwebo 1: Ifayela lomzila

Olayini abaphuzi basetshenziselwa imingcele ye-PCB, kukhawulela ukwakheka kwengxenye nokuhlelwa kwentambo kuzintambo ezizenzakalelayo. Imigqa ebomvu neblue ikhombisa iminonjana yethusi engezansi nangaphezulu, ngokulandelana.

Umbono ongu-3 d:

Isoftware ethile efana neProteus ne-KiCad inikezela ngamakhono wokubuka we-3D, okunikeza umbono we-3D we-PCB enezinto ezibekwe kuyo ukuze ibonwe kangcono. Umuntu angahlulela kalula ukuthi isifunda sizobukeka kanjani ngemuva kokuthi senziwe. Ngemuva kwezintambo, ifayili le-PDF noma le-Gerber yocingo lethusi lingathunyelwa futhi liphrintwe kokungalungile.