PCB yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nrog rau kev nce hauv kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv txhua yam ntawm peb lub neej thiab vim lawv lub neej luv luv, ib yam yog qhov nce ntawm cov e-kua pov tseg. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam tawm tshiab xws li Is Taws Nem ntawm Yam thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov cuab yeej tsav tsheb siab tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam tsheb, qhov kev loj hlob no tsuas yog ua kom nrawm dua.

Vim li cas PCB pov tseg yog qhov teeb meem tiag tiag?

Txawm hais tias PCB tsim tuaj yeem siv tau ntau xyoo, qhov tseeb yog tias cov cuab yeej me me uas PCB tswj hwm tau raug hloov pauv ntawm qhov txaus ntshai. Yog li ntawd, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim yog qhov teeb meem decomposition, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem ib puag ncig. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws tsim, vim hais tias ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pov tseg raug thauj mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg, lawv tso cov tshuaj lom rau hauv ib puag ncig, xws li:

Mercury-tej zaum yuav ua rau lub raum thiab lub hlwb puas.

Cadmium-paub tias ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.

Lead-paub ua rau lub hlwb puas

Brominated nplaim retardants (BFR)-paub tias cuam tshuam rau poj niam txoj haujlwm hormonal.

Beryllium-paub tias ua rau mob qog noj ntshav

Txawm hais tias lub rooj tsavxwm tau rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov siv dua es tsis txhob muab pov rau hauv qhov chaw pov tseg, cov txheej txheem rov ua dua yog qhov txaus ntshai thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv. Lwm qhov teeb meem yog vim tias peb cov khoom siv me me thiab sib dua, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev sib cais los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Ua ntej tshem tawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab, tag nrho cov kua nplaum thiab cov nplaum siv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm manually. Yog li ntawd, tus txheej txheem yog heev laborious. Feem ntau, qhov no txhais tau tias xa PCB boards mus rau cov teb chaws tsim tsawg dua nrog cov nqi zog qis dua. Cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no (cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw pov tseg lossis lawv rov ua dua tshiab) yog qhov tseeb biodegradable PCB, uas tuaj yeem txo cov e-khoom pov tseg zoo heev.

Hloov cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj lom tam sim no nrog cov hlau tsis tu ncua (xws li tungsten lossis zinc) yog ib kauj ruam loj hauv kev coj ua no. Ib pab pawg kws tshawb fawb ntawm Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory ntawm University of Illinois ntawm Urbana-Champaign tau teeb tsa los tsim lub PCB ua haujlwm tau zoo uas decomposes thaum raug dej. PCB yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:

Cov khoom lag luam tawm ntawm lub txee

Magnesium muab tshuaj txhuam

Tungsten muab tshuaj txhuam

Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Na-CMC) Substrate

Polyethylene oxide (PEO) sib txuas txheej

Qhov tseeb, tag nrho biodegradable PCBs tau tsim los siv biocomposites ua los ntawm ntuj cellulose fibers muab rho tawm los ntawm txiv tsawb stems thiab nplej gluten. Cov khoom siv biocomposite tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Cov biodegradable transient PCBs muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws rau cov PCBs. Qee qhov biodegradable PCBs kuj tau tsim los siv cov plaub hau thiab iav fibers.

Biopolymers xws li carbohydrates thiab cov proteins yog biodegradable, tab sis cov khoom siv ntuj tsim lawv xav tau (xws li av thiab dej) tau dhau los ua tsawg. Rov ua dua tshiab thiab muaj txiaj ntsig biopolymers tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb pov tseg (xws li txiv tsawb fiber), uas yog muab rho tawm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag stems. Cov khoom siv ua liaj ua teb no tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom siv biodegradable tag nrho.

Puas yog pawg thawj coj saib kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig puas ntseeg tau?

Feem ntau, lo lus “kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig” ceeb toom rau tib neeg ntawm cov duab ntawm cov khoom tawg yooj yim, uas tsis yog tus cwj pwm peb xav koom nrog PCBs. Qee qhov ntawm peb cov kev txhawj xeeb txog ntsuab PCB boards suav nrog:

Mechanical zog-Qhov tseeb hais tias ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg boards yog ua los ntawm txiv tsawb fiber ua rau peb xav tias boards tej zaum yuav tsis yooj yim li nplooj. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias cov kws tshawb fawb tau sib txuas cov ntaub ntawv substrate los ua cov laug cam uas sib piv rau lub zog rau cov rooj sib txoos.

Thermal kev ua tau zoo-PCB yuav tsum tau zoo heev nyob rau hauv thermal kev ua tau zoo thiab tsis yooj yim rau ntes hluav taws. Nws paub tias cov khoom siv roj ntsha muaj qhov ntsuas kub qis dua, yog li hauv kev nkag siab, qhov kev ntshai no tau tsim zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kub tsis tshua muaj kub tuaj yeem pab kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem no.

Dielectric tas li-Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm biodegradable board yog tib yam li cov tsoos board. Cov dielectric tsis tu ncua ua tiav los ntawm cov phiaj no zoo nyob rau hauv qhov xav tau.

Kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav-Yog tias PCB ntawm cov khoom siv biocomposite raug rau cov av noo lossis kub siab, qhov kev sib txawv ntawm cov zis yuav tsis raug pom.

Thaum tshav kub kub dissipation-biocomposite cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ua kom muaj cua sov ntau, uas yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm PCBs.

Raws li kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau thiab ntau dua, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau qhov txaus ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, cov xov xwm zoo yog tias nrog kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, cov laug cam ntsuab yuav dhau los ua kev lag luam muaj tseeb, yog li txo cov teeb meem e-khoom pov tseg thiab e-recycling. Thaum peb tab tom sib cav nrog yav dhau los e-khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tam sim no, nws yog lub sijhawm rau peb saib mus rau yav tom ntej thiab xyuas kom muaj kev siv dav ntawm biodegradable PCBs.