PCB ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea sehlahisoa se seng le se seng sa elektroniki. Ka keketseho ea tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa elektronike likarolong tsohle tsa bophelo ba rona le ka lebaka la nako ea bona e khutsufalitsoeng, ntho e le ‘ngoe ke ho eketseha ha palo ea litšila tsa elektronike. Ka ntshetsopele ya diindaseteri tse ntseng di tswela pele tse kang Inthanete ya Dintho le ntshetsopele e matla ya dithekenoloji tse tswetseng pele tsa thuso ya bakganni lekaleng la makoloi, kgolo ena e tla potlaka feela.

Hobaneng litšila tsa PCB e le bothata ba ‘nete?

Le hoja meralo ea PCB e ka sebelisoa ka lilemo tse ngata, ‘nete ke hore lisebelisoa tsena tse nyenyane tse laoloang ke PCB li nkeloa sebaka ka lebelo le tšosang. Ka hona, taba e ka sehloohong e hlahang ke bothata ba ho bola, bo lebisang mathateng a mangata a tikoloho. Haholo-holo linaheng tse tsoetseng pele, hobane palo e kholo ea lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki tse lahliloeng li isoa litsing tsa mobu, li lokolla lintho tse chefo tikolohong, joalo ka:

Mercury-e ka baka tšenyo ea liphio le boko.

Cadmium – e tsejoang ho baka mofetše.

Loto e tsebahalang ho baka tšenyo ea boko

Brominated flame retardants (BFR) -e tsejoang ka ho ama tšebetso ea lihomone tsa basali.

Beryllium – e tsejoang ka ho baka mofetše

Esita le haeba boto e ka sebelisoa hape ‘me ea sebelisoa hape ho e-na le ho e lahlela sebakeng sa ho lahlela lithōle, mokhoa oa ho tsosolosa o kotsi ‘me o ka baka likotsi tsa bophelo bo botle. Bothata bo bong ke hore ha thepa ea rona e ntse e fokotseha, ke mosebetsi o boima ho e arola ho sebelisa likarolo tse ka sebelisoang hape. Pele o ntša thepa leha e le efe e ka sebelisoang hape, likhomaretsi tsohle le likhomaretsi tse sebelisitsoeng li hloka ho ntšoa ka letsoho. Ka hona, mokhoa ona o boima haholo. Hangata, sena se bolela ho romela liboto tsa PCB linaheng tse sa tsoelang pele ka litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa basebetsi. Karabo ea lipotso tsena (thepa ea elektronike e bokelletsoeng ka har’a lithōle kapa li sebelisoa hape) ho hlakile hore ke PCB e ka senyehang habonolo, e ka fokotsang litšila tsa elektronike haholo.

Ho nkela lisebelisoa tse chefo sebakeng sa litšepe tsa nakoana (tse kang tungsten kapa zinki) ke mohato o moholo ntlheng ena. Sehlopha sa bo-rasaense ba Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Univesithing ea Illinois e Urbana-Champaign e ikemiselitse ho theha PCB e sebetsang ka botlalo e senyehang ha e pepesehetse metsi. PCB e entsoe ka lisebelisoa tse latelang:

Likarolo tsa khoebo tse kantle ho sethala

Magnesium peista

Peista ea Tungsten

Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Na-CMC) Substrate

Polyethylene oxide (PEO) e kopanyang lera

Ebile, li-PCB tse senyehang ka botlalo li entsoe ho sebelisoa li-biocomposites tse entsoeng ka likhoele tsa tlhaho tsa cellulose tse ntšitsoeng kutung ea banana le gluten ea koro. Thepa ea biocomposite ha e na lik’hemik’hale. Li-PCB tsena tsa nakoana tse ka senyehang li na le thepa e tšoanang le ea li-PCB tse tloaelehileng. Li-PCB tse ling tse senyehang ka tlhaho le tsona li entsoe ho sebelisoa masiba a likhoho le likhoele tsa khalase.

Li-biopolymers tse kang lik’habohaedreite le liprotheine li khona ho senyeha, empa mehloli ea tlhaho eo li e hlokang (e kang mobu le metsi) e ntse e haella. Li-biopolymers tse nchafalitsoeng le tse tšoarellang li ka boela tsa fumanoa litšila tsa temo (joalo ka faeba ea banana), e ntšoang kutung ea semela. Lihlahisoa tsena tsa temo li ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa lisebelisuoa tse kopantsoeng ka botlalo tse senyehang.

Na boto ea tšireletso ea tikoloho e ka tšeptjoa?

Hangata, lentsoe “ts’ireletso ea tikoloho” le hopotsa batho ka setšoantšo sa lihlahisoa tse senyehang, e seng tšobotsi eo re batlang ho e amahanya le li-PCB. Tse ling tsa lintho tseo re amehileng ka tsona mabapi le liboto tse tala tsa PCB li kenyelletsa:

Mechanical properties-Taba ea hore mapolanka a sireletsang tikoloho a entsoe ka fiber ea banana e etsa hore re nahane hore liboto li ka senyeha joaloka makhasi. Empa ‘nete ke hore bafuputsi ba kopanya lisebelisoa tsa substrate ho etsa mapolanka a ka bapisoang ka matla le mapolanka a tloaelehileng.

Thermal performance-PCB e hloka ho sebetsa hantle haholo ts’ebetsong ea mocheso ‘me ho se bonolo ho ts’oara mollo. Hoa tsebahala hore lisebelisoa tsa likokoana-hloko li na le mocheso o tlase oa mocheso, kahoo ka tsela e itseng, tšabo ena e thehiloe hantle. Leha ho le joalo, mocheso o tlaase oa solder o ka thusa ho qoba bothata bona.

Dielectric constant-Sena ke sebaka seo ts’ebetso ea boto ea biodegradable e ts’oanang le ea boto ea setso. Li-constants tsa dielectric tse fihletsoeng ke lipoleiti tsena li hantle ka har’a sebaka se hlokahalang.

Ts’ebetso tlas’a maemo a feteletseng-Haeba PCB ea lisebelisoa tsa biocomposite e pepesehetse mongobo o phahameng kapa mocheso o phahameng, ho kheloha ha tlhahiso ho ke ke ha hlokomeloa.

Lisebelisoa tsa ho senya mocheso-biocomposite li ka hlahisa mocheso o mongata, e leng tšobotsi e hlokahalang ea li-PCB.

Ha tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tsa elektronike e ntse e ata le ho feta, litšila tsa elektronike li tla tsoela pele ho hōla ka mokhoa o tšosang. Leha ho le joalo, litaba tse monate ke hore ka nts’etsopele e tsoelang pele ea lipatlisiso mabapi le likhetho tsa ts’ireletso ea tikoloho, liboto tse tala li tla fetoha ‘nete ea khoebo, ka hona ho fokotsa mathata a e-waste le e-recycling. Ha re ntse re qabana le lisebelisoa tsa nakong e fetileng tsa e-waste le lisebelisoa tsa morao-rao tsa elektroniki, ke nako ea hore re shebe bokamoso le ho netefatsa ts’ebeliso e atileng ea li-PCB tse senyehang ka tlhaho.