PCB bolodi kamangidwe, ayenera kuganizira kukula kwa bolodi PCB, mwa panopa, kusankha abwino mzere m’lifupi. Kukopera kwa PCB kumadziwikanso kuti kukopera kwa PCB, kupanga kwa PCB, kukopera kwa PCB, kupanga kwa PCB, kapangidwe ka PCB kapena kapangidwe kake ka PCB.

Ndiye kuti, poganiza zokhala ndi zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi ma board a dera, kusanthula kosinthika kwa ma board board kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wofufuza komanso chitukuko, ndi mafayilo OYAMBA a PCB, mafayilo a BOM, mafayilo azithunzi ndi zina komanso mafayilo opanga ma silkscreen a PCB abwezeretsedwanso 1: 1.

Kenako ntchito zikalata luso ndi zikalata kupanga PCB bolodi kupanga, chigawo kuwotcherera, zouluka singano mayeso, dera bolodi debugging, malizitsani choyambirira dera bolodi nyemba buku.

Ndi chitukuko mosalekeza ndi kuzama kwa makampani kukopera gulu, PCB masiku ano bolodi kukopera lingaliro akhala anawonjezera mu osiyanasiyana onse, salinso zokhazo yosavuta dera dera kukopera ndi cloning, komanso kumafuna chitukuko yachiwiri ya mankhwala ndi kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha zatsopano.

Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi chikalatacho kapena chinthu, momwe mungachitire chithunzi chojambula cha PCB cham’mbuyo, njira yobwerera m’mbuyo ndiyotani? Kodi ndi mfundo ziti zofunika kuzimvera?

Masitepe obwerera kumbuyo

1. Lembani zambiri za PCB

Pezani PCB, choyamba papepala kuti mulembe zonse zopangira mtundu, magawo, ndi malo, makamaka diode, malangizo a chubu cha magawo atatu, malangizo a IC notch. Ndibwino kujambula zithunzi ziwiri za komwe zinthuzo zili ndi kamera yadigito. Mabungwe ambiri a PCB amatsogola kwambiri kuposa diode triode ena samvera kuti angowona.

2. Zithunzi zojambulidwa

Chotsani zinthu zonse ndikuchotsa malata m’mabowo a PAD. Sambani PCB ndi mowa ndikuyiyika mu sikani yomwe imayang’ana mapikiselo apamwamba pang’ono kuti mupeze chithunzi cholimba.

Kenako, pukutani kumtunda ndi pansi mopepuka ndi pepala loluka madzi mpaka filimu yamkuwa iwala. Ikani mu sikani, yambani PHOTOSHOP, ndikusakaniza magawo awiriwo mosiyanasiyana.

Dziwani kuti PCB iyenera kuyikidwa mopendekera komanso mozungulira mu sikani, apo ayi chithunzichi sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

3. Sinthani ndikuwongolera chithunzicho

Sinthani kusiyanasiyana komanso kupepuka kwa chinsalucho, kuti gawoli ndi kanema wamkuwa komanso gawo lopanda kusiyanasiyana mwamphamvu, kenako mutembenuzire gawo lakuda ndi loyera, muwone ngati mizereyo ili yoyera, ngati sichoncho, bwerezani izi. Ngati zikuwonekeratu, chithunzicho chimasungidwa ngati ma fayilo akuda ndi oyera a BMP TOP BMP ndi BOT BMP, ngati chithunzichi chikupezeka kuti chili ndi mavuto akhozanso kukonzedwa ndikukonzedwa ndi PHOTOSHOP.

4. Tsimikizani mwangozi PAD ndi VIA

Sinthani mafayilo awiri a BMP kukhala mafayilo a PROTEL motsatana, ndikusamutsa magawo awiri kukhala PROTEL. Mwachitsanzo, maudindo a PAD ndi VIA pambuyo pa zigawo ziwiri zimagwirizana, kuwonetsa kuti mayendedwe am’mbuyomu adachitika bwino. Ngati pali kupatuka kulikonse, bwerezani sitepe yachitatu. Chifukwa chake, kukopera ma board a PCB ndi ntchito yoleza mtima kwambiri, chifukwa vuto laling’ono limakhudza mtunduwo komanso digiri yofananira mukakopera.

5. Jambulani wosanjikiza

Sinthani TOP wosanjikiza BMP kukhala TOP PCB, onetsetsani kuti mutembenuza SILK wosanjikiza, wosanjikiza wachikaso, kenako mumatsata mzere pa TOP wosanjikiza, ndikuyika chipangizocho molingana ndi kujambula kwa gawo 2. Chotsani SILK wosanjikiza mutatha kujambula. Bwerezani mpaka mutakonza zigawo zonse.

6. Kuphatikiza kwa TOP PCB ndi BOT PCB

Onjezani TOP PCB ndi BOT PCB mu PROTEL ndikuziphatikiza kukhala chithunzi chimodzi.

7. Laser kusindikiza TOP LAYER, BOTTOM LAYER

Gwiritsani ntchito chosindikizira cha laser kusindikiza TOP LAYER ndi BOTTOM LAYER mufilimu yowonekera (1: 1 ratio), ikani kanemayo pa PCB ija ndikuyerekeza ngati ili yolakwika, ngati ili yolondola, mwatha.

Yesani 8.

Yesani magwiridwe antchito amama board of copy sikofanana ndi bolodi loyambirira. Ngati ndi chimodzimodzi ndiye kuti zachitikadi.

1. Gawani malo ogwira ntchito moyenera

Mukasinthiratu kapangidwe ka PCB yosasunthika, magawano oyenera amalo ogwira ntchito amatha kuthandiza akatswiri kuthana ndi mavuto osafunikira ndikuwongolera kukoka.

Nthawi zambiri, zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito yofanana pa bolodi ya PCB zithandizidwa pakatikati, kuti magawidwe azigawo azitha kupereka maziko oyenera komanso olondola pakubwezeretsanso chithunzichi.

Komabe, kugawidwa kwa malo ogwira ntchitowa sikungosinthasintha. Zimafunikira akatswiri kuti amvetsetse zina zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi.

Choyambirira, fufuzani zigawo zikuluzikulu zamagulu ogwirira ntchito, kenako molumikizana ndi kulumikizana kwa waya kuti mufufuze zigawo zina za chinthu chomwecho, mapangidwe a magawano ogwira ntchito.

Mapangidwe magawidwe ogwira ntchito ndiye maziko azithunzi zojambula. Kuphatikiza apo, musaiwale kugwiritsa ntchito nambala yamagawo pa board board kukuthandizani kugawa ntchito mwachangu.

2. Pezani chidutswa choyambira

Chidutswa chofotokozedwachi chitha kunenedwa kuti ndi gawo lalikulu la mzinda wa PCB kumayambiliro ojambula. Mukazindikira zidutswazo, kujambula molingana ndi zikhomo za zolembedwazo zitha kutsimikizira kulondola kwa zojambulazo mozama kwambiri.

Benchmark ya mainjiniya, zowona sizinthu zovuta kwambiri, ambiri, amatha kusankha kutsogolera magawo azigawo ngati chikhomo, nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu, amapinikiza kwambiri, kujambula kosavuta, monga dera losakanikirana, thiransifoma, transistor, ndi zina zambiri. ., ali oyenera ngati chizindikiro.

3. Siyanitsani bwino mizere ndikujambula zingwe zomveka

Kuti musiyanitse waya wapansi, mzere wamagetsi ndi mzere wazizindikiro, akatswiri amafunikiranso kukhala ndi chidziwitso chofunikira chamagetsi, kulumikiza kwa dera, kulumikizana kwa PCB ndi zina zambiri. Kusiyanitsa kwa madera awa kumatha kufufuzidwa kuchokera kulumikizidwe kwa zinthu, kukula kwa zojambulazo zamkuwa ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zamagetsi zokha.

Pakujambula kwa waya, kuti mupewe kuwoloka mzere ndikulowererapo, nthaka ingagwiritse ntchito zizindikilo zingapo, mizere yonse ingagwiritse ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mizere yosiyanasiyana kuti iwonetsedwe bwino, chifukwa mitundu yonse yazinthu itha kugwiritsanso ntchito zina zapadera zizindikiro, ndipo amatha kulekanitsa zojambulazo, kenako ndikuphatikiza.

4. Phunzirani chimango ndikutanthauzira zithunzi zofanana

Pazinthu zina zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsiKwa njira zina zoyambirira zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi njira yojambulira, mainjiniya amafunika kudziwa, osati kungodziwa zojambula zoyambira za dera, komanso kuti apange mawonekedwe amagetsi.

Kumbali inayi, osanyalanyaza kuti mtundu womwewo wazinthu zamagetsi uli ndi kufanana kwina pachithunzi chazithunzi zanyumba ya PCB, mainjiniya atha kutengera kuchuluka kwa zomwe akumana nazo, kujambula chithunzi chofananira chimodzimodzi kuti akwaniritse zatsopano chithunzi chojambula.

5. Onetsetsani ndikukwaniritsa

Chithunzi chojambulacho chikamalizidwa, kapangidwe kazithunzi kazithunzi ka PCB kakhoza kumaliza pokhapokha mutayesedwa ndikuyang’ana. Makhalidwe azinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi magawidwe a PCB amafunika kufufuzidwa ndikukwaniritsidwa. Malinga ndi chithunzi cha fayilo ya PCB, chithunzichi chikuyerekeza, kusanthula ndikuyang’anitsitsa kuti chiwonetserochi chikugwirizana ndendende ndi fayiloyo.