The main purpose of this test is to verify the resistance to electrostatic discharge (ESD) caused by the proximity or contact of an object or person or device. Ohun kan tabi eniyan le kojọpọ idiyele electrostatic inu ti foliteji ti o ga ju 15kv. Iriri fihan pe ọpọlọpọ awọn ikuna ti ko ṣe alaye ati awọn bibajẹ ni o ṣee ṣe nipasẹ ESD. Nipa fifisilẹ lati ẹrọ afọwọṣe ESD si dada ti ati sunmọ EUT, ohun elo idanwo (EUT) gba iṣẹ ESD. Ipele idibajẹ idasilẹ jẹ asọye ni kedere ni awọn iṣedede ọja ati awọn ero idanwo EMC ti olupese pese. EUT ṣayẹwo fun awọn ikuna iṣẹ tabi kikọlu ni gbogbo awọn ipo iṣiṣẹ rẹ. Awọn ibeere ikọja/ikuna gbọdọ jẹ asọye ninu ero idanwo EMC ati pinnu nipasẹ olupese ọja naa.

PCB transient conductivity resistance

Idi akọkọ ti idanwo yii ni lati jẹrisi resistance ti EUT si awọn iyalẹnu igba diẹ ati igba kukuru pẹlu akoko nyara iyara ti o le ṣe ipilẹṣẹ nipasẹ awọn ẹru ifa tabi awọn alamọja. Akoko dide iyara ati iseda atunwi ti pulse idanwo yii ni awọn abajade ni awọn spikes wọnyi ni rọọrun wọ inu awọn iyika EUT ati kikọlu agbara pẹlu awọn iṣẹ EUT. Awọn alakọja ti n ṣiṣẹ taara lori ipese agbara akọkọ ati iyọọda ti laini ifihan. Ninu awọn idanwo ajesara PCB miiran, EUT yẹ ki o wa ni abojuto lori ilana ikọja/kuna nipa lilo iṣeto iṣẹ gbogbogbo.

Resistance ti PCB si itankalẹ itanna

Idi akọkọ ti idanwo yii ni lati jẹrisi agbara kikọlu PCB ọja naa lodi si awọn redio, transceivers, awọn foonu GSM/AMPS alagbeka, ati ọpọlọpọ awọn aaye itanna ti ipilẹṣẹ lati awọn orisun itanna eleto. Ti eto naa ko ba ni aabo, itankalẹ itanna le ṣe pọ pọ si okun wiwo ati tẹ Circuit nipasẹ ọna adaṣe; Tabi o le jẹ taara pọ si wiwọn ti Circuit ti a tẹjade. When the amplitude of the rf electromagnetic field is large enough, the induced voltage and demodulated carrier can affect the normal operation of the device.

PCB radiation resistance Test run This test run is usually the longest and most difficult, requiring very expensive equipment and considerable experience. In contrast to other PCB immunity tests, success/failure criteria defined by the manufacturer and a written test plan must be sent to the test room. Nigbati o ba n jẹ EUT sinu aaye itankalẹ, EUT gbọdọ ṣeto ni iṣẹ deede ati ipo ti o ni imọlara julọ.

Iṣẹ ṣiṣe deede gbọdọ fi idi mulẹ ninu yara idanwo nigba ti EUT farahan si awọn aaye kikọlu ti o ni iwọn eyiti awọn igbohunsafẹfẹ rẹ kọja 80MHz ti a beere si sakani igbohunsafẹfẹ 1GHz. Some PCB anti-interference standards start at 27MHz. Ipele buruju boṣewa yii nilo igbagbogbo awọn ipele resistance PCB ti 1V/m, 3V/m, tabi 10V/m. Sibẹsibẹ, awọn pato ẹrọ le ni awọn ibeere tiwọn fun awọn igbohunsafẹfẹ “iṣoro (kikọlu)” kan pato. The appropriate PCB radiation resistance level of the product is of interest to the manufacturer.

Awọn ibeere aaye ti iṣọkan Iwọn boṣewa resistance kikọlu PCB EN50082-1: 1997 tọka si IEC/EN61000-4-3. IEC/EN61000-4-3 nilo agbegbe idanwo iṣọkan ti o da lori awọn ayẹwo idanwo. The test environment was realized in an anechoic room with tiles arranged with ferrite absorbers to block reflection and resonance in order to establish a unified test site indoors. Eyi ṣẹgun lojiji ati loorekoore awọn aṣiṣe idanwo ti ko ṣe tunṣe ti o fa nipasẹ iṣaro ati awọn gradients aaye ni awọn yara ti ko ni aṣa. (Yara ologbele-anechoic tun jẹ agbegbe ti o peye fun wiwọn itujade itankalẹ ni agbegbe ajeji ti inu ile ti o nilo deede).

Ikole ti awọn yara alabọde-anechoic awọn olugbagba RF yoo wa ni idayatọ lori awọn ogiri ati awọn orule ti awọn yara alabọde-anechoic. Awọn ẹrọ ati awọn pato apẹrẹ RF yẹ ki o gba awọn alẹmọ ferrite ti o wuwo ti o wa ni oke ti yara naa. Awọn biriki Ferrite joko lori ohun elo aisi -itanna ati pe a so mọ oke yara naa. Ninu yara ti a ko sọ di mimọ, awọn iṣaro lati oju irin yoo fa ifilọlẹ ati awọn igbi iduro, eyiti o ṣẹda awọn ibi giga ati awọn ikoko ni agbara aaye idanwo naa. Gradient aaye ni yara ti ko ni iyasọtọ le jẹ 20 si 40dB, ati pe eyi yoo fa ayẹwo idanwo lati han lati kuna lojiji ni aaye ti o lọ silẹ pupọ. Resonance ti yara naa ni awọn abajade idanwo kekere pupọ ati oṣuwọn giga ti “apọju”. (Eyi le ja si apẹrẹ-ọja ti o ga julọ.) Ipele ifilọlẹ PCB tuntun IEC1000-4-3, eyiti o nilo awọn ibeere aaye kanna, ti ṣe atunṣe awọn ailagbara to ṣe pataki wọnyi.

Ohun elo ati sọfitiwia ti o nilo lati ṣe agbekalẹ aaye idanwo nilo wiwọn igbohunsafefe RF agbara giga lati wakọ eriali atagba igbohunsafefe ni sakani igbohunsafẹfẹ ti o ju 26MHz si 2GHz, eyiti o jẹ mita 3 kuro lati ẹrọ ti o ni idanwo. Fully automated testing and calibration under software control provides greater flexibility for testing and full control of all key parameters such as scan rate, frequency pause time, modulation and field strength. Awọn kio sọfitiwia gba amuṣiṣẹpọ ti ibojuwo ati iwuri ti iṣẹ EUT. Awọn ẹya ara ẹrọ ibaraenisepo ni a nilo ni idanwo gangan lati jẹ ki awọn iyipada akoko gidi ni sọfitiwia idanwo EMC ati awọn aye EUT. Ẹya iwọle olumulo yii ngbanilaaye gbogbo data lati gbasilẹ ni iyara fun iṣiro to munadoko ati ipin ti iṣẹ EMT EUT.

Awọn ifunra jibiti Pyramidal Ibile pyramidal (conical) absorbers jẹ doko, sibẹsibẹ iwọn titobi jibiti ko jẹ ki o ṣee ṣe lati ṣe idanwo Awọn aaye lilo kekere ni yara kan. Fun awọn igbohunsafẹfẹ kekere ti 80MHz, ipari ti gbigba jibiti yẹ ki o dinku si 100cm, ati lati ṣiṣẹ ni awọn igbohunsafẹfẹ kekere ti 26MHz, ipari ti gbigba jibiti yẹ ki o tobi ju 2m. Awọn olugbagba jibiti tun ni awọn alailanfani. Wọn jẹ ẹlẹgẹ, ni rọọrun bajẹ nipasẹ ikọlu, ati ina. Ko tun wulo lati lo awọn ifasimu wọnyi lori ilẹ ti yara naa. Nitori ti alapapo ti gbigba jibiti, agbara aaye ti o tobi ju 200V/m lori akoko kan yoo jẹ eewu giga ti ina.

Ferrite tile absorber

Awọn alẹmọ Ferrite jẹ imunadoko ni aye, sibẹsibẹ wọn ṣafikun iwuwo pataki si orule, awọn ogiri ati awọn ilẹkun ti yara naa, nitorinaa ọna ẹrọ ti yara naa di pataki pupọ. Wọn ṣiṣẹ daradara ni awọn igbohunsafẹfẹ kekere, ṣugbọn di alailagbara ni awọn igbohunsafẹfẹ loke 1GHz. Awọn alẹmọ Ferrite jẹ ipon pupọ (100mm × 100mm × 6mm nipọn) ati pe o le koju awọn kikankikan aaye ju 1000V/m laisi ewu ina.

Awọn iṣoro ni idanwo resistance itankalẹ PCB Nitori ohun elo arannilọwọ ti a lo lati ṣiṣẹ EUT n pese awọn ami itaniji lati ṣe atẹle iṣẹ tirẹ, o gbọdọ funrararẹ jẹ PCB-sooro si aaye ifura yii, eyiti o jẹ iṣoro atorunwa ni ṣiṣe idanwo ifamọra itankalẹ. Eyi nigbagbogbo yori si awọn iṣoro, ni pataki nigbati ohun elo iranlọwọ jẹ eka ati nilo ọpọlọpọ awọn kebulu ati awọn atọkun si EUT ti o jẹ iho nipasẹ yara idanwo ti o ni aabo. Gbogbo awọn kebulu ti n ṣiṣẹ nipasẹ yara idanwo gbọdọ ni aabo ati/tabi sisẹ ki aaye idanwo naa ni aabo lati ọdọ wọn lati yago fun idinku iṣẹ ṣiṣe aabo ti yara idanwo naa. Ijẹwọgbigba ni iṣẹ aabo ti yara idanwo yoo ja si jijo airotẹlẹ ti aaye idanwo si agbegbe agbegbe, eyiti o le fa kikọlu si awọn olumulo ti iwoye. Ko ṣee ṣe nigbagbogbo lati lo awọn asẹ RF fun data tabi awọn laini ifihan, gẹgẹbi nigba data lọpọlọpọ tabi nigba lilo awọn ọna asopọ data iyara to gaju.