Ua oo i le taimi e uaʻi atu ai i nisi auiliiliga i le mauaina o Laupapa PCB, ina ia sili atu saunia e faʻamautinoa lelei oloa lelei. A o le mauaina o laupapa PCB, e tatau ona tatou mataala i le mulimuli mai 9 lagona masani.

1. E matua faasaina le faʻaaogaina o mea e suʻe ai le eleele e faʻafesoʻotaʻi ai le TV ola, leo, ata vitio ma isi masini o loʻo i le pito i lalo o le ipu e faʻamaonia ai le laupapa PCB e aunoa ma le faʻatulagaina o masini.

Aua le faʻataʻitaʻia saʻo le televise, leo, ma masini vitio e aunoa ma le faʻaaogaina o masini eletise. E ui lava e masani lava o le tusitalafaamaumau ei ai le eletise fesuiaʻiga, pe a faʻaalia i se faʻapitoa aemaise pe tele atu le malosiʻaga o le natura o le paoa e le tele sona iloa e uiga i le TV poʻo le taʻavale masini, muamua faʻamalamalama le masini chassis ua molia, a faʻapea e matua faigofie ma foloa ola TV, leo ma isi masini faʻaaogaina o le paoa eletise, salalau i le tuʻufaʻatasia o fesoʻotaʻiga, atili malepe.

2. Faʻalogo totoʻa i le faʻaaogaga faʻatinoina o le eletise soldering uʻamea pe a mauaina PCB laupapa

E le faʻatagaina ona faʻaogaina le uʻamea faʻapipiʻi ma le paoa ola. Ina ia mautinoa e le o ola le uʻamea faʻapipiʻi, e sili ona faʻapipiʻi le atigi o le uʻamea faʻapipiʻi. E tatau ona faʻaitete le MOS circuit, ma e sili atu le sefe le faʻaaogaina o le uʻamea maualalo volitiga ma le 6-8V.

3. Ae e te leʻi iloaina le laupapa PCB, e tatau ona tatou malamalama i le galue mataupu faʻavae o tuʻufaʻatasia matagaluega ma fesoʻotaʻiga fesoʻotaʻiga

Ae le i siakiina ma lipea tuʻufaʻatasia taʻamilosaga, e tatau ona muamua tatou masani i gaioiga o tuʻufaʻatasia taʻamilosaga, totonu taʻamilosaga, autu eletise tapulaʻa, o le matafaioi a pine taʻitasi ma le masani voltage, galu o le pine ma le galue mataupu faʻavae o le matagaluega aofia ai peripheral vaega. Afai o iai nei tulaga, o le auiliiliga ma asiasiga e sili atu ona faigofie.

4, suʻega laupapa PCB aua le mafuaʻaga matagaluega puʻupuʻu i le va o pine

Fuaina ole volitiga poʻo oscilloscope suʻesuʻega galu foliga, o le peni poʻo le suʻesuʻeina e le mafua ai se puʻupuʻu taamilosaga i le va o pine o le tuʻufaʻatasia vaʻaia ona o sliding, e sili ona tuʻusaʻo fesoʻotaʻi ma pine o le peripheral lolomitusi matagaluega mo le fuaina. Soʻo se taimi puʻupuʻu vave e mafai ona afaina ai le fesoʻotaʻiga INTEGRATED, e tatau la ona faʻaeteete pe a suʻea suʻega afifi afifi CMOS tuʻufaʻatasia matagaluega.

5, detection PCB board test instrument internal resistance should be large

A fua le voltage DC o pine o tuʻufaʻatasia laina, faʻaaoga le multimeter o lona tetee i totonu e sili atu i le 20K ω / V; a leai, o le ai ai tele tele mea sese mo nisi pine voltages.

6. Gauai atu i le vevela faʻasalalauina o le paoa tuʻufaʻatasia matagaluega pe a vaʻaia laupapa PCB

Power integrated circuits should have good heat dissipation and should not be allowed to work in a high power state without heat sink.

7, PCB laupapa taʻimua taʻitaʻi mauaina tatau ona talafeagai

Afai e manaʻomia le faʻaopopoina o vaega tetele e sui ai le vaega ua faʻaleagaina i totonu o le tuʻufaʻatasia o tuʻufaʻatasia, e tatau ona filifilia ni vaega laiti, ma e tatau ona talafeagai le uaea e aloese ai mai le fesoʻotaʻi parasite le talafeagai, aemaise ia feagai ma le faʻavae mafuaaga i le va o le leo amplifier tuʻufaʻatasia matagaluega ma le faataamilosaga preamplifier.

8. Ia mautinoa le maopoopo lelei o le laupapa PCB

A uelo ua matua ueloina, o le faʻaputuina o solder ma pores e faigofie e mafua ai virtual tafaʻoga. O le uelo taimi masani lava e le sili atu i le 3 sekone, ma o le malosiaga o le uʻamea faʻapipiʻi e tusa ma le 25W. O le tuʻufaʻatasia o fesoʻotaʻiga ua maeʻa faʻapipiʻiina e siaki ma le faʻaeteete, e sili le faʻaaogaina o le ohmmeter e fua ai pe o i ai se auala puʻupuʻu i le va o pine, faʻamaonia le leai o se solofanua faʻapipiʻi faʻasolosolo ona fesuiaʻi lea o le paoa sapalai.

9, mauaina o PCB laupapa e le faigofie ona fuafuaina le faʻaleagaina o tuʻufaʻatasia matagaluega

Do not easily judge that the integrated circuit is damaged. Because the vast majority of integrated circuits are directly coupled, once a circuit is abnormal, it may lead to multiple voltage changes, and these changes are not necessarily caused by the damage of the integrated circuit, and in some cases, the measured pin voltage is consistent with or close to the normal value, it may not be able to show that the integrated circuit is good. Because some soft faults do not cause changes in DC voltage.

PCB board debugging method

Mo le laupapa PCB fou faʻatoa aumaia i tua, e tatau ona tatou muamua mataʻituina pe i ai ni faʻafitauli i luga o le laupapa, e pei o pe o iai manino taʻetaʻei, pe i ai se taamilosaga puupuu, matala matagaluega ma isi mea ofoofogia. If necessary, check that the resistance between the power supply and the ground is large enough.

Mo se fou faʻatulagaina matagaluega laupapa, debugging masani ona fetaiaʻi ma ni faigata, aemaise pe a fai o le laupapa e tele atu, sili atu vaega, masani ona le iloa pe faʻafefea ona amata. Ae afai e te faʻapitoa se metotia talafeagai o le faʻateʻaina, o le faʻaluaina o le a maua faalua le iʻuga ma le afa o taumafaiga.

PCB board debugging procedure

1. For the new PCB board just brought back, we should first roughly observe whether there are problems on the board, such as whether there are obvious cracks, whether there are short circuits, open circuits and other phenomena. If necessary, check that the resistance between the power supply and the ground is large enough.

2, ona faʻapipiʻi ai lea o vaega. Tutoʻatasi modules, afai e te le mautinoa o latou galue lelei, e sili le aua le faʻapipiʻi uma, ae o se vaega o le faʻapipiʻiina (mo tamaʻi matagaluega, e mafai ona faʻapipiʻi uma i le taimi e tasi), ina ia faigofie ona iloa le sese laina, ina ia pe a oʻo ia oe faʻafitauli, aua le iloa pe faʻafefea ona amata.

Generally speaking, you can install the power supply part first, and then check whether the power supply output voltage is normal. Afai e te le o mautinoa a o malosiaga i (tusa lava pe o e, e fautuaina oe e faʻaopopo se fuse, pe a na o le tulaga), oe mafai ona mafaufau e faʻaaoga se faʻatonutonuina voltage fetuutuunai ma le taimi nei tapulaʻa gaioiga.

Muamua faʻatulagaina le puipuiga o loʻo i ai nei, ona faʻasolosolo lemu ai lea o le tau o le eletise faʻatonutonu, ma mataitu le sao o loʻo i ai, sao i totonu le voltage ma galuega faatino volitiga. If no overcurrent protection occurs and the output voltage is normal, the power supply is OK. A leai, motusia le sapalai o le eletise, saili le mea sese, ma toe fai sitepu o loʻo i luga seʻi vagana ua masani le sapalai o le eletise.

3, ona faasolosolo lea ona faapipii isi modules, ia module faapipiiina, paoa i luga o le tofotofoga, paoa i luga e tusa ai ma luga laasaga, ina ia aloese ai mai le soona osovale ma susunuina vaega ona o le sese mea na tusia po o le faapipiiina mea sese.

Saili le tali o le komiti komepiuta PCB

1. Fua le voltage e suʻe ai le laupapa leaga PCB

The first thing to confirm is whether the voltage of the chip power pin is normal, and then check whether all kinds of reference voltage is normal, and whether the working voltage of each point is normal. O se silicon triode masani, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, o le ai ai le voltage soʻoga BE e latalata i le 0.7V ma le CE soʻoga volitiga e tusa ma le 0.3V pe lalo ifo. Afai o le triode ei ai le voltage soʻoga BE sili atu i le 0.7V (seʻi vagana ai faʻapitoa faʻapitoa e pei o Darlington tubes), o le BE junction mafai ona tatalaina.

2, faailo auala tui e saili le sese laupapa PCB

Add the signal source to the input end, and then measure the waveform of each point in turn to see whether it is normal to find the fault point. O nisi taimi o le a matou faʻaaogaina ai foʻi se auala faigofie, e pei o le uuina o se tweezer e paʻi atu i le mea e ulufale ai i tulaga uma e iloa ai pe i ai se tali atu i le galuega faʻatino tigaina, lea e masani ona faʻaaogaina i leo ma vitio faʻateleina faʻamalama (ae e tatau ona maitauina o lenei metotia e le mafai ona faʻaaogaina i totonu o taʻamilosaga ma vevela tulaga ipu poʻo le maualuga voltage uila, a faʻapea e ono taitai atu ai i le eletise faʻateʻia). Afai e leai se tali atu i luma o le paʻi, ma o loʻo i ai se tali atu ina ua mavae le paʻi, o loʻo faʻaalia ai o le faʻafitauli o loʻo i le tulaga muamua, e tatau ona taulaʻi atu i le asiasiga.

3. Isi metotia mo le sailia o laupapa PCB e le lelei

There are many other ways to find trouble spots, such as seeing, hearing, smelling, and touching.

O le “Vaʻaia” o le vaʻaia lea pe o i ai le mautinoa masini faʻaleagaina o vaega, pei o le malepe, faʻapogisaina, deformation, ma isi.

“Faʻalogo” o le faʻalogo pe o le leo o galuega e masani, pei o nisi mea e le tatau ona tatagi i le mama, e le tatagi le mama pe le leo e le masani ai;

“Manogi” o le siakiina pe i ai se manogi, pei o le manogi o le mu, capacitor electrolyte tofo, mo se poto masani eletise tausiga tagata, e matua nofouta i nei manogi;

“Touch” is to use the hand to test whether the temperature of the device is normal, such as too hot, or too cold.

Nisi masini eletise, pe a faigaluega, vevela, pe a malulu i le paʻi atu, oe mafai masani ona faʻamasino e le aoga. But if it’s hot where it shouldn’t be or too hot where it should be, that’s no good. General power triode, voltage regulator chip, etc., working in 70 degrees is completely no problem. O le a le uiga o le 70 tikeri? If you can hold your hand on it for more than three seconds, the temperature is probably below 70 degrees (be careful not to burn your hand).