Ke nako ea ho ela hloko lintlha tse ling ha ho fumanoa PCB boto, E le ho itokisetsa hantle ho netefatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa. Ha e batlang PCB boto, re lokela ho ela hloko latelang 9 kelello.

1. Ho thibetsoe ka tieo ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo tse nang le motheo oa ho ikopanya le TV, audio, video le lisebelisoa tse ling poleiting e tlase ho bona boto ea PCB ntle le sesebelisoa sa ho itšehla thajana.

Se ke oa leka lisebelisoa tsa TV, audio, le video ka kotloloho ntle le li-transformer tsa motlakase tse nang le lisebelisoa tse se nang motheo. Le ha hangata rekotara e na le motlakase o fetolang matla, ha e pepesetsoa matla a khethehileng kapa a maholo a tlhahiso ea motlakase ha a tsebe ho hongata ka TV kapa thepa ea stereo, qala ka ho hlakisa hore cheisi ea mochini e lefisoa, ho seng joalo e bonolo haholo ebile e phela fatše TV, audio le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa phepelo ea motlakase, e hasana ho potoloho e kopaneng, ho senyeha ho eketsehileng.

2. Ela hloko ts’ebetso ea ts’ireletso ea tšepe ea motlakase ha o batla boto ea PCB

Ha hoa lumelloa ho sebelisa tšepe ea soldering ka matla a phelang. Ho etsa bonnete ba hore tšepe ea soldering ha e phele, ho molemo ho sila khetla ea tšepe ea soldering. Potoloho ea MOS e lokela ho ba hlokolosi haholoanyane, hape ho bolokehile ho sebelisa tšepe e nang le motlakase o tlase o nang le 6-8V.

3. Pele re fumana boto ea PCB, re lokela ho utloisisa molao-motheo o sebetsang oa potoloho e kopaneng le potoloho e amanang

Pele re hlahloba le ho lokisa lipotoloho tse kopaneng, re lokela ho qala ka ho tloaelana le mesebetsi ea lipotoloho tse kopaneng, lipotoloho tsa kahare, mekhahlelo e meholo ea motlakase, karolo ea pini ka ‘ngoe le matla a tloaelehileng, sebopeho sa leqhubu la phini le molao-motheo o sebetsang oa potoloho e entsoeng ka pheriferale likarolo. Haeba maemo ana a le teng, tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo li bonolo haholo.

4, boto ea liteko tsa PCB ha e bake potoloho e khuts’oane lipakeng tsa lithakhisa

Tekanyo ea Voltage kapa oscilloscope probe test wave, pene kapa probe ha li bake potoloho e khuts’oane lipakeng tsa lithakhisa tsa potoloho e kopaneng ka lebaka la ho thellela, ho molemo hore o hokahane ka kotloloho le lithakhisa tsa potoloho ea khatiso ea pheriferale bakeng sa tekanyo. Potoloho efe kapa efe e khuts’oane hanghang e ka senya potoloho e INTEGRATED habonolo, ka hona tlhokomelo e eketsehileng e lokela ho nkuoa ha ho hlahlojoa lisekete tse sephara tse kopantsoeng tsa CMOS.

5, detection PCB board test instrument internal resistance should be large

Ha u metha motlakase oa DC oa lithakhisa tsa lipotoloho tse kopaneng, sebelisa multimeter eo khanyetso ea eona ea ka hare e fetang 20K ω / V; ho seng joalo, ho tla ba le liphoso tse kholo tsa litekanyo bakeng sa likhahla tse ling tsa pin.

6. Ela hloko ho chesa ha mocheso oa potoloho ea motlakase ha o batla boto ea PCB

Lipotoloho tse kopantsoeng ka motlakase li lokela ho ba le mocheso o futhumetseng hantle ‘me ha lia lokela ho lumelloa ho sebetsa maemong a phahameng a matla ntle le teba ea mocheso.

7, PCB boto etella pele bonoa lokela ho ba le kahlolo e molemo

Haeba ho hlokahala ho eketsa likarolo tsa pheriferale ho nkela karolo e senyehileng kahare ho potoloho e kopaneng, likarolo tse nyane li lokela ho khethoa, ‘me wiring e lokela ho ba e utloahalang ho qoba ho kopanya likokoana-hloko ho sa hlokahaleng, haholoholo ho sebetsana le pheletso ea motheo pakeng tsa audio amplifier integrated circuit and potoloho ea preamplifier.

8. Netefatsa boleng ba tjheseletsa ba boto ea PCB

Ha tjheseletsa e hlile e chesoa, ho bokella ha solder le masoba ho bonolo ho baka tjheseletsa. Nako ea ho tjheseletsa hangata ha e fete metsotsoana e 3, ‘me matla a tšepe ea soldering a ka ba 25W. Potoloho e kopaneng e kentsoe tšepe hore e hlahlojoe ka hloko, ho molemo ho sebelisa ohmmeter ho lekanya hore na ho na le potoloho e khuts’oane lipakeng tsa lithakhisa, ho netefatsa hore ha ho na ketsahalo ea khokahano ea solder ebe o bulela phepelo ea motlakase.

9, bonoa ba boto PCB u se ke ua habonolo fumana tšenyo ea oa potoloho setshehetso sa

Do not easily judge that the integrated circuit is damaged. Hobane lipotoloho tse ngata tse kopaneng li hokahane ka kotloloho, hang ha potoloho e sa tloaeleha, e ka lebisa liphetohong tse ngata tsa motlakase, ‘me liphetoho tsena ha li bakoe ke tšenyo ea potoloho e kopaneng,’ me maemong a mang, phallo ea pini e lekantsoeng ke e lumellanang le kapa e haufi le boleng bo tloaelehileng, e kanna ea se khone ho bonts’a hore potoloho e kopaneng e ntle. Hobane liphoso tse ling tse bonolo ha li bake liphetoho motlakase oa DC.

PCB boto mokhoa debugging

Bakeng sa boto e ncha ea PCB e sa tsoa khutlisoa, re lokela ho qala ho sheba hore na ho na le mathata ka sekepeng, joalo ka hore na ho na le mapetso a totobetseng, hore na ho na le potoloho e khuts’oane, potoloho e bulehileng le liketsahalo tse ling. Haeba ho hlokahala, netefatsa hore khanyetso lipakeng tsa phepelo ea motlakase le mobu e kholo ka ho lekana.

Bakeng sa boto ea potoloho e sa tsoa etsoa, ​​ho lokisa bothata hangata ho na le mathata, haholo ha boto e le kholo, likarolo tse ling hangata ha li tsebe ho qala. Empa haeba u tseba mokhoa o utloahalang oa ho lokisa bothata, ho etsa phoso ho tla fumana litholoana habeli ka halofo ea boiteko.

Tsamaiso ea board ea debugging ea PCB

1. Bakeng sa boto e ncha ea PCB e sa tsoa khutlisoa, re lokela ho qala ho sheba hore na ho na le mathata ka sekepeng, joalo ka hore na ho na le mapetso a totobetseng, hore na ho na le lipotoloho tse khuts’oane, lisekete tse bulehileng le liketsahalo tse ling. Haeba ho hlokahala, netefatsa hore khanyetso lipakeng tsa phepelo ea motlakase le mobu e kholo ka ho lekana.

2, ebe likarolo tsa ho kenya. Li-module tse ikemetseng, haeba u sa netefatse hore li sebetsa hantle, ho molemo hore u se ke ua li kenya kaofela, empa karolo ea ho kenya (bakeng sa lipotoloho tse nyane, e ka kengoa hang hang), hore ho be bonolo ho tseba phoso range, e le hore ha u thulana le mathata, u tsebe ho qala.

Generally speaking, you can install the power supply part first, and then check whether the power supply output voltage is normal. Haeba o sa tsebe hantle hore na o kenella hokae (leha o le joalo, o eletsoa ho eketsa tsoaka, haeba ho ka etsahala), o ka nahana ho sebelisa e ka fetoloang matla a taolo ka ts’ebetso ea hajoale e lekanyelitsoeng.

Pele seta tšireletso ea hajoale, ebe boleng ba motlakase ba phepelo ea motlakase bo nyoloha butle, ‘me u shebe matla a kenang, motlakase oa ho kenya le motlakase. If no overcurrent protection occurs and the output voltage is normal, the power supply is OK. Ho seng joalo, hakolla phepelo ea motlakase, fumana phoso, ‘me u phete mehato e kaholimo ho fihlela phepelo ea motlakase e tloaelehile.

3, butle-butle kenya li-module tse ling, module e ngoe le e ngoe e kentsoe, matla tekong, matla ho latela mehato e kaholimo, ho qoba ho tlola le ho chesa likarolo ka lebaka la liphoso tsa moralo kapa liphoso tsa ho kenya.

Fumana tharollo ea boto e fosahetseng ea PCB

1. Lekanya motlakase ho fumana board e fosahetseng ea PCB

Ntho ea pele eo u ka e netefatsang ke hore na matla a chip a matla a chip a tloaelehile, ebe u sheba hore na mefuta eohle ea voltage ea litšupiso e tloaelehile, le hore na matla a sebetsang a ntlha ka ‘ngoe a tloaelehile. Mohlala, silicon triode, ka mohlala, e tla ba le matla a kopaneng a BE a potileng 0.7V le motlakase oa CE o kopaneng oa 0.3V kapa ka tlase. Haeba triode e na le matla a kopaneng a BE a fetang 0.7V (ntle le li-triode tse ikhethang tse kang li-tubling tsa Darlington), mateano a BE a ka buleha.

2, pontšo mokhoa ente ho fumana phoso PCB boto

Add the signal source to the input end, and then measure the waveform of each point in turn to see whether it is normal to find the fault point. Ka linako tse ling re tla sebelisa mokhoa o bobebe, joalo ka ho ts’oara thipa ho ts’oara seteishene sa ho kenya maemong ohle ho bona hore na ho na le karabelo setsing sa tlhahiso, se atisang ho sebelisoa liseketeng tsa audio le video (empa ho lokela ho hlokomeloa hore mokhoa ona o ke ke oa sebelisoa lipotolohong tse nang le lipoleiti tse chesang kapa li-circuits tse phahameng, ho seng joalo e ka lebisa ho ts’abo ea motlakase). Haeba ho se na karabelo pele ho moo ho amang, ‘me ho ba le karabelo kamora ho ts’oaroa, ho bonts’a hore bothata bo maemong a fetileng, bo lokela ho shebana le tlhahlobo.

3. Mekhoa e meng ea ho fumana liboto tsa PCB tse fosahetseng

There are many other ways to find trouble spots, such as seeing, hearing, smelling, and touching.

“Sheba” ke ho bona hore na ho na le tšenyo e totobetseng ea mochini oa likarolo, joalo ka ho phatloha, ho fifala, ho fetoha, jj .;

“Mamela” ke ho mamela hore na molumo oa mosebetsi o tloaelehile, joalo ka ha lintho tse ling li sa lokela ho lla kahare, lesale ha le lle kapa molumo ha o tloaelehe;

“Monko” ke ho lekola hore na ho na le monko, joalo ka monko oa ho cha, capacitor tatso ea elektrolyte, bakeng sa basebetsi ba nang le boiphihlelo ba tlhokomelo ea elektroniki, e na le kutlo e kholo ho monko ona;

“Touch” is to use the hand to test whether the temperature of the device is normal, such as too hot, or too cold.

Lisebelisoa tse ling tsa motlakase, ha li sebetsa, lia futhumatsa, haeba ho bata ho ea feela, o ka ahlola hore ha e sebetse. Empa haeba ho chesa moo ho sa lokelang ho ba teng kapa ho chesa haholo moo ho lokelang ho ba teng, ha ho na thuso. Kakaretso ea motlakase oa motlakase, motlakase oa motlakase, joalo-joalo, ho sebetsa ka likhato tse 70 ha ho na bothata. Likarolo tse 70 li bolelang? If you can hold your hand on it for more than three seconds, the temperature is probably below 70 degrees (be careful not to burn your hand).