Waxaa la joogaa waqtigii fiiro gaar ah loo siin lahaa qaar ka mid ah faahfaahinta ogaanshaha Guddiga PCB, si si wanaagsan loogu diyaargaroobo si loo hubiyo tayada badeecada. Markaan ogaaneyno guddiga PCB, waa inaan fiiro gaar ah u yeelannaa 9ka caqli ee soo socda.

1. Waxaa si adag loo mamnuucay in la adeegsado qalabka tijaabada ah ee saldhigga ah si loola xiriiro TV -ga tooska ah, maqalka, fiidiyaha iyo qalabka kale ee saaran saxanka hoose si loo ogaado guddiga PCB iyada oo aan lahayn transformer -ka go’doonka ah.

Si toos ah ha u tijaabin aaladaha TV -ga, maqalka, iyo fiidiyaha iyada oo aan lahayn awood -rogeyaasha go’doominta ee leh aaladaha dhulka ku jira. In kasta oo guud ahaan duubuhu leeyahay awood koronto -dhaliye, marka uu la kulmo khaas ahaan gaar ahaan ama awoodda wax -soo -saarka ee dabeecadda korontada wax badan kama oga TV -ga ama qalabka stereo -ka, marka hore caddee in mashiinka mashiinka la dallaco, haddii kale aad u fudud oo dabaqa dhulka ah TV -ga, maqalka iyo qalabka kale ee wareegga korontada, wuxuu ku faafay wareegga isku -dhafan, burburka dambe.

2. U fiirso waxqabadka dahaarka birta korantada korantada marka la ogaanayo guddiga PCB

Lama oggola in la isticmaalo birta wax lagu shido oo leh awood nool. Si loo hubiyo in birta wax iibisa aysan nooleyn, waxaa ugu wanaagsan in la jajabiyo qolofka birta alxanka. Wareegga MOS waa inuu taxaddar yeeshaa, waana ka ammaan badan tahay in la isticmaalo birta wareegga-danab ee leh 6-8V.

3. Ka hor inta aan la ogaan guddiga PCB, waa inaan fahamnaa mabda’a shaqeynaya ee wareegga isku -dhafan iyo wareegga la xiriira

Kahor hubinta iyo dayactirka wareegyada isku dhafan, waa inaan marka hore aqoon u leenahay shaqooyinka wareegyada isku dhafan, wareegyada gudaha, xuduudaha korantada ee ugu muhiimsan, doorka pin kasta iyo danab caadi ah, mowjadda biinka iyo mabda’a shaqada ee wareegga oo ka kooban durugsan qaybaha. Haddii xaaladahaasi jiraan, falanqaynta iyo kormeerku aad bay u sahlan yihiin.

4, imtixaanka guddiga PCB ma keeno wareeg gaaban oo u dhexeeya biinanka

Cabbiraadda korantada ama mawjadda tijaabada baaritaanka oscilloscope, qalinka ama baaritaanku ma keenaan wareeg gaaban oo u dhexeeya biinanka wareegga isku -dhafan sababtuna waa siibasho, waxaa ugu wanaagsan in si toos ah loogu xidho biinanka wareegga daabacaadda durugsan si loo cabbiro. Wareeg kasta oo gaaban oo degdeg ah wuxuu si fudud u dhaawici karaa wareegga INTEGRATED, sidaa darteed taxaddar dheeraad ah waa in la qaataa marka la tijaabinayo wareegyada isku -dhafan ee CMOS ee baakaysan.

5, detection PCB board test instrument internal resistance should be large

Markaad cabirayso korantada DC ee biinanka wareegyada isku dhafan, isticmaal multimeter oo iska caabin gudaha ahi ka weyn yahay 20K ω /V; haddii kale, waxaa jiri doona khaladaad cabbir oo waaweyn oo loogu talagalay danabyada biinka qaarkood.

6. U fiirso kala -baxa kulaylka ee wareegga isku -dhafan ee awoodda marka la ogaanayo guddiga PCB

Power integrated circuits should have good heat dissipation and should not be allowed to work in a high power state without heat sink.

7, ogaanshaha hogaanka hogaanka PCB waa inuu ahaado mid macquul ah

Haddii ay lagama maarmaan tahay in lagu daro qaybaha durugsan si loo beddelo qaybta waxyeellada leh ee ku jirta wareegga isku -dhafan, waa in la doortaa qaybo yaryar, xariguna waa inuu ahaado mid macquul ah si looga fogaado isku -darka dulin -la’aanta wareegga horudhaca.

8. Hubi tayada alxanka ee guddiga PCB

Marka alxanka si dhab ah loo xiro, raasamaalka alxanka iyo daloolada ayaa si fudud u sababi kara alxanka dalwaddii. Wakhtiga alxanka guud ahaan kama badna 3 ilbidhiqsi, iyo awoodda birta wax iibisa waa ilaa 25W. Wareegga isku -dhafan ayaa loo xardhay si taxaddar leh loo hubiyo, waxaa ugu wanaagsan in la isticmaalo ohmmeter si loo cabbiro haddii ay jirto wareeg gaaban oo u dhexeeya biinanka, aan la xaqiijin wax adhesion adhesion ah ka dibna beddel korontada.

9, ogaanshaha guddiga PCB si fudud uma go’aamiyaan burburka wareegga isku dhafan

Do not easily judge that the integrated circuit is damaged. Sababtoo ah inta badan wareegyada isku -dhafan ayaa si toos ah isugu lammaan, mar haddii wareegga uu yahay mid aan caadi ahayn, waxay u horseedi kartaa isbeddello badan oo danab ah, oo is -beddelladani khasab ma aha inay sababaan dhaawaca wareegga isku -dhafan, iyo mararka qaarkood, danab -biraha la cabiray waa waafaqsan ama ku dhow qiimaha caadiga ah, waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan awoodin inay muujiso in wareegga isku dhafan uu wanaagsan yahay. Sababtoo ah khaladaadka jilicsan qaarkood ma keenaan isbeddel ku yimaada korantada DC.

PCB board debugging method

Looxa cusub ee PCB ee hadda la soo celiyey, waa inaan marka hore qiyaas ahaan eegnaa haddii ay jiraan dhibaatooyin ka jira guddiga, sida haddii ay jiraan dillaacyo muuqda, haddii ay jirto wareeg gaaban, wareeg furan iyo ifafaale kale. If necessary, check that the resistance between the power supply and the ground is large enough.

Loox wareeg oo cusub oo la naqshadeeyay, khalad -qaadiddu waxay inta badan la kulmaan dhibaatooyin qaarkood, gaar ahaan marka guddigu ka weyn yahay, qaybo badan, badanaaba ma yaqaaniin sida loo bilaabo. Laakiin haddii aad aqoon u leedahay hab khaldan oo macquul ah, khaladku wuxuu heli doonaa laba jeer natiijada nus dadaalka.

Habka khaladka guddiga PCB

1. For the new PCB board just brought back, we should first roughly observe whether there are problems on the board, such as whether there are obvious cracks, whether there are short circuits, open circuits and other phenomena. If necessary, check that the resistance between the power supply and the ground is large enough.

2, ka dibna qaybaha rakibidda. Cutubyada madaxbannaan, haddii aadan hubin inay si habboon u shaqeeyaan, waxaa ugu wanaagsan inaadan rakibin dhammaantood, laakiin qayb ka mid ah rakibidda (wareegyada yaryar, hal mar ayaa la rakibi karaa), si ay u fududaato in la ogaado khaladka kala duwan, si marka aad la kulanto dhibaatooyin, aadan aqoon sida loo bilaabo.

Generally speaking, you can install the power supply part first, and then check whether the power supply output voltage is normal. Haddii aadan hubin markaad korontada shidayso (xitaa haddii aad tahay, waxaa lagugula talinayaa inaad ku darto fiyuus, haddiiba ay dhacdo), waxaad ka fiirsan kartaa inaad isticmaasho jaangooyaha korantada ee la hagaajin karo oo leh hawl xaddidan hadda.

Marka hore hore u ilaali ilaalinta hadda, ka dibna qiimaha korantada ee korantada korontada ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah kor ugu kaca, oo la soco soo -gelinta hadda, danab -gelinta iyo danab -soo -saarka. If no overcurrent protection occurs and the output voltage is normal, the power supply is OK. Haddii kale, ka jar korontada, raadi qaladka, oo ku celi tallaabooyinka kor ku xusan ilaa korontadu caadi noqoto.

3, ka dibna si tartiib tartiib ah u rakib modules kale, modul kasta ayaa la rakibay, awoodda imtixaanka, ku shaqaynta si waafaqsan tallaabooyinka kor ku xusan, si looga fogaado xad -dhaaf iyo in la gubo qaybo ay ugu wacan tahay khaladaadka naqshadeynta ama khaladaadka rakibidda.

Raadi xalka guddiga PCB ee khaldan

1. Cabir korontada si aad u hesho guddiga PCB ee khaldan

The first thing to confirm is whether the voltage of the chip power pin is normal, and then check whether all kinds of reference voltage is normal, and whether the working voltage of each point is normal. Seddex silikoon oo caadi ah, tusaale ahaan, wuxuu lahaan doonaa koronto isgoyska BE qiyaastii 0.7V iyo danab isgoyska CE oo qiyaastii ah 0.3V ama ka yar. Haddii sedex -meelood uu leeyahay koronto isku -xidhka BE ka weyn 0.7V (marka laga reebo saddex -meelood oo gaar ah sida tuubooyinka Darlington), isgoyska BE ayaa furmi kara.

2, habka duritaanka signalada si aad u hesho guddiga khaladka PCB

Add the signal source to the input end, and then measure the waveform of each point in turn to see whether it is normal to find the fault point. Mararka qaarkood waxaan sidoo kale adeegsan doonnaa hab fudud, sida qabashada tweezer si aan u taabanno gundhigga gelinta ee heerarka oo dhan si aan u aragno haddii ay jirto dareen -celin ka jirta terminaalka wax -soo -saarka, oo inta badan loo adeegsado wareegyada maqalka iyo fiidiyaha (laakiin waa in la xusaa in habkan aan loo adeegsan karin wareegyada leh taarikada saldhigga kulul ama wareegyada korantada sare, haddii kale waxay keeni kartaa shoog koronto). Haddii aysan jirin dareen -celin ka hor taabashada, oo ay jirto dareen -celin ka dib taabashada, waxay muujineysaa in dhibaatadu ay tahay heerkii hore, waa inay xoogga saartaa kormeerka.

3. Hababka kale ee lagu helo guddiyada PCB ee khaldan

There are many other ways to find trouble spots, such as seeing, hearing, smelling, and touching.

“Fiiri” waa in la fiiriyo haddii ay jiraan waxyeello farsamo oo muuqata oo ku timaadda qaybaha, sida dillaac, madaw, isbeddel, iwm.

“Dhegeyso” waa in la dhegeysto haddii dhawaaqa shaqadu caadi yahay iyo in kale, sida in waxyaalaha qaar aysan ku soo dhicin giraanta, giraantu ma dhawaaqdo ama codku caadi ma aha;

“Uro” waa in la hubiyo in ay jirto ur, sida urta gubashada, dhadhanka korantada korontada, shaqaalaha dayactirka elektiroonigga ah ee khibradda leh, aad bay ugu nugul tahay urtaas;

“Touch” is to use the hand to test whether the temperature of the device is normal, such as too hot, or too cold.

Aaladaha korontada qaarkood, marka ay shaqeynayaan, kululaynayaan, haddii ay qabow tahay taabashada, waxaad asal ahaan xukumi kartaa inaysan shaqaynayn. But if it’s hot where it shouldn’t be or too hot where it should be, that’s no good. General power triode, voltage regulator chip, etc., working in 70 degrees is completely no problem. 70 digrii maxay ka dhigan tahay? If you can hold your hand on it for more than three seconds, the temperature is probably below 70 degrees (be careful not to burn your hand).