Dadka cusub ayaa inta badan isku qalda ”PCB schematic” with “PCB design document” when talking about printed circuit boards, but they actually mean different things. Fahamka farqiga u dhexeeya iyaga ayaa fure u ah wax -soo -saarka PCB -ga ee guuleysta, sidaa darteed maqaalkani wuxuu burburin doonaa kala duwanaanshaha muhiimka ah ee u dhexeeya nidaamyada PCB iyo naqshadeynta PCB ee kuwa bilowga ah si tan si ka wanaagsan loo sameeyo.

Kahor intaadan gelin kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya qorsheynta iyo naqshadeynta, waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado, waa maxay PCB? Inside electronic equipment, there are printed circuit boards, also known as printed circuit boards. The green circuit board, made of precious metal, connects all the electrical components of the device and enables it to function properly. Elektarooniggu ma shaqayn doono PCBS la’aan.

Jaantuska sawirka PCB iyo naqshadda PCB

Qaab-dhismeedka PCB waa naqshad wareeg laba-cabbir oo fudud oo muujineysa shaqeynta iyo isku xirnaanta qeybaha kala duwan. Naqshadaynta PCB waa qaab-dhismeed saddex-cabbir ah, si loo hubiyo hawlgalka caadiga ah ee wareegga ka dib marka la calaamadeeyo goobta qaybaha.

Therefore, PCB schematic is the first part of the design of printed circuit board. Kani waa matalaad garaaf ahaan, ha ahaato mid qoran ama xog ah, oo adeegsata calaamado la isku raacay si loo sharaxo isku xirka wareegga. Waxa kale oo ay tilmaamaysaa qaybaha la isticmaalayo iyo sida loo xiro.

Sida magacu tilmaamayo, qorshaha PCB waa qorshe, qorshe. Ma cayimin halka qaybaha la dhigi doono. Taa beddelkeeda, qorshaha ayaa tilmaamaya sida PCB -gu ugu dambayn u gaadhi doono isku -xidhnaanta oo u noqon doono qayb muhiim ah geedi -socodka qorshaynta.

Marka qorshayaasha la dhammeeyo, naqshadda PCB ayaa ku xigta. Design is the layout or physical representation of the PCB schematic, including copper wiring and hole layout. Naqshadda PCB -gu waxay muujinaysaa meesha ay ka kooban yihiin qaybaha iyo isku xirnaanta naxaasta.

PCB design is a performance-related phase. Injineeradu waxay ka dhisteen qaybo dhab ah dusha naqshadaha PCB, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inay tijaabiyaan in qalabku si habboon u shaqeeyay iyo in kale. Sidaan hore u soo sheegnay, qof kasta waa inuu awoodaa inuu fahmo qorshaha PCB, laakiin ma sahlana in la fahmo shaqadiisa adigoo fiirinaya tusaalaha.

Both phases are complete, and once you are satisfied with the PCB’s performance, you need to implement them through the manufacturer.

Waxyaabaha PCB ee qaab dhismeedka

Hadda oo aan fahannay farqiga u dhexeeya labadooda, bal aan si dhow u eegno waxyaabaha ku jira qaab -dhismeedka PCB. Sidii aan soo sheegnay, dhammaan isku -xirnaanta ayaa muuqda, laakiin waxaa jira dhowr digniin oo maskaxda lagu hayo:

In order to see the connections clearly, they are not created to scale; Naqshadeynta PCB, aad bay isugu dhow yihiin

Xidhiidhyada qaar ayaa laga yaabaa inay is -dhaafaan, taas oo aan macquul ahayn

Xiriirada qaar ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku yaalliin dhinacyo ka soo horjeeda qaabeynta, iyadoo calaamado tilmaamayaan inay isku xiran yihiin

PCB -gaan ” blueprint ” wuxuu noqon karaa bog, laba bog, ama xitaa dhowr bog oo tilmaamaya wax kasta oo u baahan in lagu daro naqshadda

Mid ka mid ah qodobka ugu dambeeya ee mudan in la xuso ayaa ah in qaab -dhismeedyada aadka u kakan lagu soo koobi karo hawl si loo hagaajiyo akhrinta. Habaynta isku -xidhka habkan kuma dhaco marxaladda xigta, oo qaab -dhismeedku sida caadiga ah kuma habboona naqshadda ugu dambaysa ee qaabka 3D.

Qaybaha Naqshadeynta PCB

Hadda waxaa la joogaa waqtigii si dhow loo eegi lahaa waxyaabaha ku jira dukumintiga naqshadeynta PCB. Marxaladdan waxaan ka gudubnaa naqshadaha qoran oo aan u gudubnaa matalaad jireed oo la dhisay iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalabka dahaarka ama dhoobada. PCBS -ga dabacsan ayaa loo adeegsadaa codsiyo kakan oo meel bannaan oo dheeraad ah loo baahan yahay.

Nuxurka dukumintiga naqshadeynta PCB wuxuu raacayaa naqshaddii ay dejisay geedi -socodka qorshuhu, laakiin, sidaan hore u soo sheegnay, labadoodu aad bay u kala duwan yihiin. Waxaan horay uga wada hadalnay qaababka PCB, laakiin waa maxay kala duwanaanshaha lagu arki karo dukumintiga naqshadeynta?

Markaan ka hadlayno dukumintiga naqshadeynta PCB, waxaan ka hadleynaa qaab 3D oo ay ku jiraan guddiga wareegga daabacan iyo dukumintiga naqshadeynta. Waxay noqon karaan hal ama dhowr-lakab, inkastoo laba lakab ay yihiin kuwa ugu badan. Waxaan fiirin karnaa xoogaa kala duwanaansho ah oo u dhexeeya nidaamyada PCB iyo dukumiintiyada naqshadeynta PCB:

Dhammaan qaybaha si sax ah ayaa loo cabbiray loona meeleeyay

Haddii aan laba dhibcood la xiriirin, waa in lagu wareejiyaa ama loo beddelaa lakab PCB kale ah si looga fogaado in midba midka kale isku dhaafo isla lakabka

Intaa waxaa dheer, sidaan si kooban uga wada hadalnay, naqshadeynta PCB waxay aad uga welwelsan tahay wax -qabadka dhabta ah, maadaama tani ay ilaa xad tahay wajiga xaqiijinta ee badeecadda ugu dambaysa. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, wax -ku -oolnimada shaqada dhabta ah ee naqshadeynta waa inay soo gasho ciyaarta, iyo shuruudaha jireed ee guddiga wareegga daabacan waa in la tixgeliyaa. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah:

How is the spacing of the components allowed for adequate heat distribution

Waxaa jira xirayaal ku wareegsan geesaha

Xagga hadda iyo kulaylka, intee ayay le’eg tahay raadadka kala duwan

Sababtoo ah xaddidaadaha jirka iyo shuruudaha ayaa la micno ah in dukumiintiyada naqshadeynta PCB ay inta badan u muuqdaan kuwo aad uga duwan naqshadda ku taal shaxda, dukumiintiyada naqshadeynta waxaa ka mid ah lakabyada daabacaadda silkscreen. Lakabka daabacaadda shaashadu wuxuu tilmaamayaa xarfo, tirooyin iyo calaamado si ay uga caawiyaan injineerada inay isu keenaan oo ay adeegsadaan sabuuradda.

Waxaa loo baahan yahay in dhammaan qaybaha ay u shaqeeyaan sidii la qorsheeyay ka dib markii lagu soo ururiyey guddiga wareegga daabacan. Haddii kale, waxay u baahan tahay in dib loo eego.

gabagabeyn

In kasta oo nidaamyada PCB -ga iyo dukumiintiyada naqshadeynta PCB ay inta badan wareersan yihiin, dhab ahaan samaynta qaab -dhismeedka PCB iyo naqshadda PCB waxay tixraacaan laba hab oo kala duwan marka la abuurayo guddi daabacan. Naqshadaynta PCB, oo ah qayb muhiim u ah waxqabadka PCB iyo daacadnimada, waa in la sameeyaa ka hor intaan la abuurin jaantuska qaab -dhismeedka PCB oo soo jiidan kara socodka geedi socodka.