Q: Ngokuqinisekile ukumelana nentambo yethusi emfushane kakhulu kusekethe yesiginali encane akubalulekile?

A: Lapho ibhendi eqhubayo ephrintiwe PCB ibhodi yenziwa yaba banzi, iphutha lokuzuza lizoncishiswa. Kumasekethe we-analog, ngokuvamile kuncanyelwa ukusebenzisa ibhendi ebanzi, kepha abaklami abaningi be-PCB (nabaqambi be-PCB) bakhetha ukusebenzisa ububanzi bebhendi ubuncane ukwenza lula ukubekwa kolayini besiginali. Ekuphetheni, kubalulekile ukubala ukumelana kweqembu eliqhubayo nokuhlaziya indima yalo kuzo zonke izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Q: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili mayelana nama-resistors alula, kufanele kube khona abanye abamelene ukusebenza kwabo okuyilokho kanye esikulindele. Kwenzekani ekumelaneni kwengxenye yocingo?

IMP: Isimo sihlukile. Ubhekisa kumqhubi noma ibhendi eliqhubayo ku-PCB esebenza njengomqhubi. Njengoba ama-superconductors asekamelweni lokushisa engakatholakali, noma yibuphi ubude bensimbi yensimbi busebenza njenge-resistor ephikisayo (nayo esebenza njenge-capacitor ne-inductor), nomphumela wayo esifundeni kufanele ubhekwe.

Yini engalungile nge-wiring ye-PCB

Q: Ingabe kunenkinga nge-capacitance yebhendi eqhubayo enobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu nongqimba lwensimbi ngemuva kwebhodi lesifunda elinyathelisiwe?

A: Umbuzo omncane. Yize amandla we-capacitance avela ebhendi eqhubayo yebhodi lesifunda e-PRINTED ibalulekile, kufanele njalo ilinganiswe kuqala. Uma lokhu kungenjalo, ngisho nebhendi elibanzi elenza amandla amakhulu akuyona inkinga. Uma kuvela izinkinga, indawo encane yebhanoyi lomhlaba ingasuswa ukunciphisa amandla emhlabeni.

Q: Iyini indiza egxilile?

A: Uma ucwecwe lwethusi ohlangothini lonke lwebhodi lesifunda elinyathelisiwe (noma yonke i-interlayer yebhodi lesifunda ephrintiwe) lisetshenziselwa ukugxila, khona-ke yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi yindiza yokuqinisa. Noma yiluphi ucingo lwaphansi luzohlelwa ngezinhlamvu ezincane kakhulu zokumelana nokungenzi kahle. Uma uhlelo lusebenzisa indiza esemhlabeni, mancane amathuba okuthi luthintwe ngomsindo womhlaba. Futhi indiza egxilile inomsebenzi wokuvikela nokushisa ukushisa.

Q: Ibhanoyi elibhekiswe lapha linzima kumenzi, akunjalo?

IMP: Kube nezinkinga ezithile eminyakeni engama-20 edlule. Namuhla, ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwe-binder, ukumelana kwe-solder nobuchwepheshe be-wave soldering kumabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe, ukwenziwa kwendiza eyakhiwe kwaba umsebenzi ojwayelekile wamabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe.

UMBUZO: Uthe akunakwenzeka ukuthi uhlelo luvezwe emsindweni womhlaba ngokusebenzisa indiza yaphansi. Yini okusele kwenkinga yomsindo womhlaba engeke ixazululwe?

IMP: Yize kunendiza yaphansi, ukumelana kwayo nokungeniswa kwayo akuyona zero. Uma umthombo wamanje wangaphandle unamandla ngokwanele, uzothinta isignali eqondile. Le nkinga ingancishiswa ngokuhlela kahle amabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe ukuze amandla aphezulu angagelezi aye ezindaweni ezithinta amandla okubeka amasignali wokunemba. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuphuka noma ukusikeka endizeni engaphansi kungaphambukisa umsinga omkhulu wokumisa endaweni ebucayi, kepha ukushintsha ngendiza ngenkani nakho kungaphambukisela isinali endaweni ebucayi, ngakho-ke inqubo enjalo kufanele isetshenziswe ngokunakekela.

Q: Ngazi kanjani ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla kagesi okwenziwe endizeni egxilile?

A: Imvamisa ukwehla kwamandla kungalinganiswa, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kungabalwa ngokususelwa ekumelaneni kwento yendiza egxilile nobude bebhendi eliqhubayo lapho ukuhamba kwamanje kuhamba khona, yize ukubalwa kungaba nzima. Ama-amplifiers amathuluzi angasetshenziselwa ukuqhuma ebangeni le-dc kuya kumvamisa ophansi (50kHz). Uma umhlaba wesikhulisi uhlukile kunawo amandla awo, i-oscilloscope kufanele ixhunywe kusisekelo samandla wesekethe yamandla esetshenzisiwe.Ukukhanyisa okuholelekile

Ukumelana phakathi kwanoma yimaphi amaphuzu amabili endizeni engaphansi kungalinganiswa ngokungeza iphenyo kulawa maphuzu amabili. Ukuhlanganiswa kwenzuzo ye-amplifier nokuzwela kwe-oscilloscope kwenza ukuzwela kwesilinganiso kufinyelele ku-5μV / div. Umsindo ovela ku-amplifier uzokhulisa ububanzi bejika le-oscilloscope waveform cishe nge-3μV, kepha kusenokwenzeka ukufeza isixazululo cishe se-1μV, esanele ukuhlukanisa umsindo omkhulu womhlaba ngokuzethemba okungafika ku-80%.

Q: Ungayilinganisa kanjani imvamisa ephezulu yokususa umsindo?

A: Kunzima ukukala umsindo womhlaba we-hf ngesikhulisi se-wideband instrumentation amplifier, ngakho-ke i-hf ne-VHF probive probes zifanelekile. Iqukethe indandatho kazibuthe e-ferrite (ububanzi obungaphandle obungu-6 ~ 8mm) obunamakhoyili amabili angama-6 ~ 10 ajika ngalinye. Ukwenza i-transformer yokuhlukanisa imvamisa ephezulu, ikhoyili eyodwa ixhunywe kokufaka kwe-spectrum analyzer kanti enye kuphenyo. Indlela yokuhlola iyefana nekesi lemvamisa eliphansi, kepha i-spectrum analyzer isebenzisa amajika wesici se-amplitude-frequency ukumela umsindo. Ngokungafani nezindawo zesizinda sesikhathi, imithombo yomsindo ingahlukaniswa kalula ngokuya ngezici zazo zemvamisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzwela kwe-analyzer ye-spectrum okungenani i-60dB iphakeme kunaleyo ye-broadband oscilloscope.