PCB ƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri

Faɗin layin layi, ƙarfin ƙarfin hana tsangwama kuma mafi kyawun siginar siginar (tasirin tasirin fata). Amma a lokaci guda, dole ne a ba da garantin abin da ake buƙata na 50Ω haɓaka halayen halayen. Al’ada FR4 hukumar, saman layi nisa 6MIL impedance ne 50Ω. Wannan a fili ba zai iya biyan buƙatun ingancin siginar shigarwar analog mai sauri ba, don haka gabaɗaya muna amfani da hollowing GND02 kuma bari ta koma zuwa Layer ART03. Ta wannan hanyar, ana iya ƙidaya siginar banbanta a matsayin 12/10, kuma layin guda ɗaya ana iya ƙidaya shi azaman 18MIL. (A lura cewa fadin layin ya wuce 18MIL sannan fadadawa ba shi da ma’ana)

PCB ya ƙirƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri da ƙa’idodi

CLINE da aka haskaka a cikin kore a cikin adadi yana nufin layin guda ɗaya da bambancin shigarwar analog mai sauri na Layer ART03. Lokacin yin haka, dole ne a yi la’akari da wasu bayanai:

(1) Ana buƙatar ɓangaren simulation na Layer TOP, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi a sama. Ya kamata a lura da cewa nisa daga ƙasa tagulla zuwa analog shigar da CLINE yana buƙatar 3W, wato AIRGAP daga gefen tagulla zuwa CLINE ya ninka faɗin layin. Dangane da wasu ƙididdige ƙididdiga na ka’idar lantarki da simulations, filin maganadisu da filin lantarki na layin siginar akan PCB ana rarraba su a cikin kewayon 3W. (Shigin amo daga siginonin da ke kewaye bai kai ko daidai da 1%) ba.

(2) Tagulla na GND na ingantaccen Layer na yankin analog kuma yana buƙatar ware shi daga yankin dijital da ke kewaye, wato, duk yadudduka sun keɓe.

(3) Don ramuka na GND02, yawanci muna fitar da duk wannan yanki, don haka aikin yana da sauƙi kuma babu matsala. Amma la’akari da cikakkun bayanai ko don yin mafi kyau, za mu iya kawai ɓoye ɓangaren shigar da bayanan analog, ba shakka, iri ɗaya da Layer na TOP, yankin 3W. Wannan na iya tabbatar da ingancin siginar da kuma shimfidar allo. Sakamakon sarrafa shi ne kamar haka:

PCB ya ƙirƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri da ƙa’idodi

Ta wannan hanyar, hanyar dawowar siginar shigarwar analog mai sauri za a iya sake gudana cikin sauri akan Layer GND02. Wato hanyar dawowar ƙasa da aka kwaikwayi ta zama guntu.

(4) Ba bisa ka’ida ba ba bisa ka’ida ba a buga babban adadin GND ta hanyar siginar analog mai sauri don sa siginar analog ɗin ya dawo da sauri. Hakanan yana iya ɗaukar hayaniya.

PCB ya ƙirƙira ƙa’idodin shigar da siginar analog mai sauri

Doka ta 1: Ka’idojin garkuwar siginar PCB mai sauri A cikin ƙirar PCB mai sauri, zazzage layin sigina mai sauri kamar agogo yana buƙatar kariya. Idan babu garkuwa ko sashinsa kawai, hakan zai haifar da zubewar EMI. Ana ba da shawarar cewa wayar da aka karewa ta kasance ƙasa tare da rami a kowace mil 1000.

PCB ya ƙirƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri da ƙa’idodi

Doka ta 2: Maɗaukakin sigina mai saurin gudu dokokin rufaffiyar madauki

Saboda karuwar dumbin allunan PCB, injiniyoyin PCB LAYOUT da yawa suna fuskantar kuskure a cikin tsarin tafiyar da zirga-zirga, wato, cibiyoyin sadarwa masu saurin gudu kamar siginar agogo, waɗanda ke haifar da rufaffiyar sakamakon lokacin da ake tura PCBs masu yawa. A sakamakon irin wannan rufaffiyar madauki, za a samar da eriyar madauki, wanda zai ƙara hasken haske na EMI.

PCB ya ƙirƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri da ƙa’idodi

Doka ta 3: Buɗe ka’idojin madauki na sigina mai sauri

Dokar 2 ta ambaci cewa rufaffiyar madauki na sigina masu sauri zai haifar da radiation na EMI, amma bude madauki kuma zai haifar da radiation na EMI.

Hanyoyin sadarwar sigina masu sauri kamar siginar agogo, da zarar sakamakon buɗaɗɗen madauki ya faru lokacin da aka lalata PCB mai yawa, za a samar da eriya mai layi, wanda ke ƙara ƙarfin EMI radiation.

PCB ya ƙirƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri da ƙa’idodi

Doka ta 4: Halayen impedance ci gaba da mulkin sigina mai sauri

Don sigina masu sauri, halayen halayen halayen dole ne su kasance masu ci gaba yayin sauyawa tsakanin yadudduka, in ba haka ba zai ƙara EMI radiation. A wasu kalmomi, nisa na wiring na wannan Layer dole ne ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai ci gaba, kuma rashin daidaituwa na nau’i na nau’i daban-daban dole ne ya ci gaba.

PCB ya ƙirƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri da ƙa’idodi

Doka ta 5: Dokokin jagorar wayoyi don ƙirar PCB mai sauri

Wayar da ke tsakanin yadudduka guda biyu masu maƙwabtaka dole ne su bi ka’idar wiwi a tsaye, in ba haka ba zai haifar da ƙetare layin da ƙara EMI radiation.

A takaice, wayoyi masu kusa da su suna bin hanyoyin a kwance da kuma a tsaye, kuma na’urar a tsaye na iya danne madaidaicin magana tsakanin layin.

PCB ya ƙirƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri da ƙa’idodi

Doka ta 6: Dokokin tsarin Topological a ƙirar PCB mai sauri

A cikin ƙira na PCB mai sauri, kula da halayen halayen allon kewayawa da ƙirar tsarin topological ƙarƙashin yanayi mai ɗaukar nauyi da yawa kai tsaye yana ƙayyade nasara ko gazawar samfurin.

Hoton yana nuna nau’in sarkar daisy topology, wanda ke da fa’ida gabaɗaya idan aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ‘yan Mhz. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da tsarin ma’auni mai siffar tauraro akan ƙarshen baya a ƙirar PCB mai sauri.

PCB ya ƙirƙira babbar hanyar shigar da siginar analog mai sauri da ƙa’idodi

Doka ta 7: Ka’idar resonance na tsayin burbushi

Bincika ko tsawon layin siginar da mitar siginar sun zama rawa, wato, lokacin da tsawon wayoyi ya zama lamba ɗaya na tsawon siginar 1/4, wayar za ta sake yin sauti, kuma sautin zai haskaka igiyoyin lantarki. da haifar da tsangwama.