PCB gulu lotsanzira ndi bolodi ya PCB, bolodi ya PCB ndi choyerekeza cha PCB, ndi kapangidwe ka PCB kosintha ukadaulo. Choyamba, zigawo zikuluzikulu za bolodi la PCB zimachotsedwa ndikupangidwa kukhala BOM, ndipo bolodi lopanda kanthu limajambulidwa pazithunzi ndikubwezeretsanso mafayilo a PCB omwe amajambula mapulogalamu. Tumizani fayilo yojambula ya PCB ku fakitale ya PCB kuti apange board (PCBA), kenako onjezerani zinthuzo (gulani zida zomwe zikugwirizana ndi BOM), ndipo bolodi la PCB ndilofanana ndendende ndi bolodi loyambirira la PCB.

Kudzera muukadaulo wakukopera wa PCB mutha kumaliza kutsanzira chinthu chilichonse chamagetsi, kupanga zinthu zamagetsi.

Copy board imadziwikanso kuti board board, ndikupanga kafukufuku wa PCB board technology. Potengera zidziwitso zambiri, njira zokopera zomwe gulu limakopera zidafotokozedwa motere:

Gawo loyamba, pezani PCB, choyamba papepala kuti mulembe zonse zomwe zingapangidwe, mitundu, ndi mawonekedwe, makamaka diode, mayendedwe atatu a chitoliro, malangizo a IC notch. Ndikofunika kujambula zithunzi ziwiri zakuthambo ndi kamera ya digito. Tsopano bolodi la dera la PCB lakula kwambiri kuposa diode triode ena samvera chidwi kuti sangathe kuwona.

Gawo 2: Chotsani zinthu zonse ndikuchotsani malata m’mabowo a PAD. Sambani PCB ndi mowa ndikuyiyika mu sikani yomwe imayang’ana mapikiselo apamwamba pang’ono kuti mupeze chithunzi cholimba. Kenako, pukutani kumtunda ndi pansi mopepuka ndi pepala loluka madzi mpaka filimu yamkuwa iwala. Ikani mu sikani, yambani PHOTOSHOP, ndikusakaniza magawo awiriwo mosiyanasiyana. Dziwani kuti PCB iyenera kuyikidwa mopendekera komanso mozungulira mu sikani, apo ayi chithunzichi sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Gawo lachitatu, sinthani kusiyanasiyana ndi mthunzi wa chinsalucho, kuti gawo lokhala ndi kanema wamkuwa ndi gawo lopanda kanema wamkuwa lisiyane bwino, kenako mutembenuzire gawo lakuda ndi loyera, muwone ngati mizereyo ili yoyera, ngati sichoncho, bwerezani sitepe iyi. Ngati zikuwonekeratu, sungani chithunzicho ngati ma fayilo akuda ndi oyera a BMP top.bmp ndi bot.bmp. Ngati pali vuto ndi chithunzichi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito PHOTOSHOP kuti mukonze ndikuwongolera.

Gawo lachinayi ndikusintha mafayilo awiri a BMP kukhala mafayilo a PROTEL motsatana, ndikusamutsa magawo awiri kukhala PROTEL. Mwachitsanzo, maudindo a PAD ndi VIA omwe adutsa magawo awiriwa ndi ofanana, kuwonetsa kuti mayendedwe am’mbuyomu adachitika bwino. Ngati pali kupatuka kulikonse, bwerezani sitepe yachitatu. Chifukwa chake, kukopera ma board a PCB ndi ntchito yoleza mtima kwambiri, chifukwa vuto laling’ono limakhudza mtunduwo komanso digiri yofananira mukakopera.

Gawo 5, sinthani TOP wosanjikiza BMP kukhala TOP.PCB, onetsetsani kuti mutembenuza SILK wosanjikiza, ndiye wachikaso, kenako mumayang’ana mzere pa TOP wosanjikiza, ndikuyika chipangizocho molingana ndi kujambula kwa gawo 2. Chotsani SILK wosanjikiza mutatha kujambula. Bwerezani mpaka zigawo zonse zitakonzedwa.

Gawo 6, mu PROTEL, imbani pamwamba. PCB ndi bot. PCB, ndikuwaphatikiza kukhala amodzi.

Gawo 7, gwiritsani ntchito chosindikiza cha laser kuti musindikize TOP LAYER ndi BOTTOM LAYER kuti muwonetsedwe kanema (1: 1 ratio), ikani kanemayo pa PCB ija ndikuyerekeza ngati ili yolakwika, ngati ili yolondola, mwatha.

Kope la bolodi loyambirira lidapangidwa, koma linali theka lokha. Khalani ndi mayeso ngakhale, magwiridwe antchito amagetsi omwe amayesa board board ndi ofanana ndi bolodi loyambirira. Ngati ndi chimodzimodzi ndiye kuti zachitikadi.

ndemanga: Ngati ili ndi bolodi losanjikiza komanso yopukutidwa mosamala mkatikati mwa wosanjikiza wamkati, nthawi yomweyo bwerezani gawo lachitatu mpaka lachisanu lokopera masitepe, inde, zithunzi za dzinalo ndizosiyana, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zigawo zoti asankhe, bolodi lapaulendo lapaulendo lophweka limakhala losavuta kwambiri kuposa bolodi lamitundu ingapo, bolodi losanjikiza losanjikiza limakonda kusokonekera, Chifukwa chake bolodi la multilayer board limakhala osamala komanso osamala (mkatikati mwa dzenje osati kudzera mumabowo mumakhala mavuto).

Njira ziwiri zokopera:

1. Jambulani zigawo zakumtunda ndi zapansi za bolodi kuti musunge zithunzi ziwiri za BMP.

2. Tsegulani quickPC 2005, dinani “Fayizani” ndi “Open Base” kuti mutsegule chithunzi. Lonjezani chinsalu ndi PAGEUP, onani padi, ikani pedi malinga ndi PP, onani mzere molingana ndi mzere wa PT …… Monga mwana kujambula, jambulani mu pulogalamuyo ndikudina “Sungani” kuti mupange fayilo ya B2P.

3. Dinani “Fayilo” ndi “Open Base Map” kuti mutsegule mapu amtundu wa sikani ina;

4. Dinani “Fayizani” ndi “Tsegulani” kuti mutsegule fayilo ya B2P yomwe idasungidwa kale. Titha kuwona kuti bolodi lomwe langokopedwa kumene ndilapamwamba pachithunzichi – bolodi lomweli la PCB lokhala ndi mabowo pamalo omwewo, koma kulumikizana kwadongosolo ndikosiyana. Chifukwa chake timakakamiza “Zosankha” – “Zikhazikiko Zazigawo” kuti tizimitsa mzere wazowonetsa ndi silika apa, ndikusiya mabowo angapo okha.

5. Mabowo omwe ali pamwamba pake ali chimodzimodzi ndi mabowo apansi. Tsopano titha kutsatira mizere pansi pomwepo monga tidachitira tili mwana. Dinani “Sungani” kachiwiri – fayilo ya B2P tsopano ili ndi deta pamwamba ndi pansi.

6. Dinani “Fayilo” “Tumizani ku Fayilo ya PCB”, mutha kupeza fayilo ya PCB yokhala ndi zigawo ziwiri, zomwe zingasinthidwe bolodi kapena chojambula kapena kutumizidwa ku fakitale ya PCB kupanga

Njira zingapo zokopera bolodi:

M’malo mwake, matabwa anayiwo amawerengedwanso kawiri pamipando iwiri, sikisi imabwerezedwanso kutulutsa magawo awiri ophatikizika …… Magawo ake ndi owopsa chifukwa sititha kuwona zingwe mkati. Bolodi lapamwamba kwambiri, kodi timawona bwanji chilengedwe chake chamkati? – magawo.

Tsopano pali njira zambiri zosanjikiza, pali potion dzimbiri, chida chovula, koma ndikosavuta kusanjikiza kwambiri, kutayika kwa data. Zochitika zimatiuza kuti sandpaper ndiye yolondola kwambiri.

Tikamaliza kukopera pamwamba ndi pansi pa PCB, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito sandpaper kugaya wosanjikiza ndikuwonetsa wosanjikiza wamkati. Sandpaper ndi sandpaper wamba yomwe imagulitsidwa m’sitolo ya hardware, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa PCB, kenako imagwira sandpaper, yofananira pakani pa PCB (ngati bolodi ndi laling’ono, imatha kuyikidwanso pa sandpaper, ndi chala chimodzi kuti igwire PCB pa mkangano wa sandpaper). Mfundoyi ndiyofewetsa kuti ifanane.

Chophimba cha silika ndi mafuta obiriwira nthawi zambiri amapukutidwa, waya wamkuwa ndi khungu lamkuwa ziyenera kupukutidwa kangapo. Nthawi zambiri, bolodi la bluetooth limatha kupukutidwa mphindi zochepa, kukumbukira kwakanthawi kochepa; Inde, ndimphamvu zazikulu, zimatenga nthawi yocheperako; Mphamvu yamaluwa idzakhala ndi kanthawi kochepa.

Mill plate ndiye njira yofala kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadongosolo pano, komanso yachuma kwambiri. Titha kupeza chidutswa cha PCB yotayidwa kuti muyese. M’malo mwake, sizovuta kwenikweni kugaya bolodi, koma ndizosangalatsa pang’ono. Zimatengera kuyesetsa, ndipo palibe chifukwa chodandaulira za kupera bolodi kudzera zala zanu.