Kana mainjiniya emagetsi achiita reverse dhizaini kana kugadzirisa basa remidziyo yemagetsi, ivo vanofanirwa kutanga vanzwisisa hukama hwekubatana pakati pezvikamu pane zvisingazivikanwe. yakadhindwa redunhu bhodhi (PCB), saka hukama hwekubatana pakati pechikamu chepini paPCB inoda kuyerwa nekurekodhwa.

Nzira iri nyore ndeye kushandura multimeter kune “short-circuit buzzer” faira, shandisa maitiro maviri ekuedza kuyera kuwirirana pakati pepini imwe neimwe, uye wozonyora nemaoko chimiro che on / off pakati pe “pin pairs”. Kuti uwane iyo yakazara seti yehukama hwehukama pakati peese “pini pairs”, iyo yakaedzwa “pini pairs” inofanirwa kurongeka zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekusanganisa. Kana nhamba yezvikamu nemapini paPCB yakakura, nhamba ye “pini peya” inoda kuyerwa ichave yakakura. Zviripachena, kana nzira dzemanyorero dzichishandiswa pabasa iri, basa rekuyera, kurekodha uye kuongorora kuchave rakakura kwazvo. Uyezve, kuyerwa kwechiyero kwakaderera. Sezvo isu tese tinoziva, kana iyo inodzivirira impedance pakati pemamita maviri emapeni eiyo general multimeter yakakwira kusvika makumi maviri ohms, buzzer icharamba ichirira, iyo inoratidzwa senzira.

Kuti uvandudze kuyerwa kwakanaka, zvinodikanwa kuedza kuona kuyerwa kweotomatiki, kurekodha uye kuenzanisa kwechikamu che “pin pair”. Kuti izvi zviitike, munyori akagadzira nzira yekuona inodzorwa nemicrocontroller seyekumberi-yekupedzisira mudziyo wekuona, uye akagadzira ine simba yekuyera yekuyera software yekumashure-yekupedzisira kugadzirisa kuti ione pamwe chete kuyerwa kwe otomatiki uye kurekodha kwehukama hwegwara pakati pechikamu chepini. paPCB. . Ichi chinyorwa chinonyanya kukurukura mazano ekugadzira uye tekinoroji yekuyera otomatiki nenzira yekuona nzira.

Chinodiwa chekuyera otomatiki ndechekubatanidza mapini echikamu chiri pasi pekuyedzwa kudunhu rekuona. Nekuda kweizvi, mudziyo wekuona wakashongedzerwa nemisoro yakawanda yekuyeresa, iyo inotungamirwa kunze netambo. Misoro yekuyeresa inogona kubatanidzwa kune akasiyana bvunzo zvigadziriso kumisikidza hukama nemapini echikamu. Musoro wekuyera Nhamba yepini inosarudza nhamba yepini yakabatana nedunhu rekuona mubatch imwechete. Zvadaro, pasi pekutonga kwepurogiramu, detector ichabatanidza yakaedzwa “pin pairs” munzira yekuyera imwe neimwe maererano nenheyo yekubatanidza. Munzira yekuyera, iyo on/off status pakati pe “pini pairs” inoratidzwa sekunge pane kuramba pakati pepini, uye nzira yekuyera inoishandura kuita voltage, nekudaro kutonga hukama hwepa / off pakati pavo nekurekodha.

Kuitira kugonesa dunhu rekuona kuti risarudze mapini akasiyana munhevedzano kubva kumisoro yakawanda yekuyera yakabatana nechikamu chepini yekuyera zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekusanganiswa, iyo inoenderana switch array inogona kusetwa, uye akasiyana switch anogona kuvhurwa / kuvharwa ne chirongwa chekuchinja chikamu mapini. Pinda nzira yekuyera kuti uwane hukama hwepa / off. Sezvo kuyerwa kuri analog voltage uwandu, analog multiplexer inofanirwa kushandiswa kugadzira switch array. Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza zano rekushandisa analog switch array kushandura pini yakaedzwa.

Nheyo yekugadzira yedunhu rekuona inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2. Maseti maviri eanalog switches mumabhokisi maviri I uye II mumufananidzo anogadziriswa ari maviri: I-1 uye II-1, I-2 uye II-2. . .. . ., Ⅰ-N uye Ⅱ-N. Kana iyo analogi yakawanda inoshandura yakavharwa kana kwete inodzorwa nepurogiramu kuburikidza nedecoding circuit inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1. Mune maviri analog switch I uye II, imwe chete shanduko inogona kuvharwa panguva imwe chete. Semuyenzaniso, kuti uone kana paine hukama hwegwara pakati pekuyera musoro 1 uye kuyera musoro 2, vhara switch I-1 uye II-2, uye gadzira nzira yekuyera pakati penzvimbo A uye pasi kuburikidza nekuyera misoro 1 uye 2. Kana iyo inzira, Ipapo iyo voltage panzvimbo A VA = 0; kana yakavhurika, ipapo VA> 0. Kukosha kweVA ndiyo nheyo yekutonga kana kune hukama hwegwara pakati pemisoro yekuyera 1 uye 2. Nenzira iyi, hukama hwepa / off pakati pepini dzose dzakabatana nemusoro wekuyera hunogona kuyerwa pakarepo maererano ne musanganiswa musimboti. Sezvo iyi yekuyera maitiro inoitwa pakati pepini yechikamu chakasungirirwa neiyo bvunzo fixture, munyori anoidana iyo in-clamp kuyerwa.

Kana pini yechikamu isingakwanisi kusungirirwa, inofanira kuyerwa nemutungamiri wekuedza. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 2, batanidza imwe bvunzo inotungamira kune analog chiteshi uye imwe pasi. Panguva ino, kuyerwa kunogona kuitwa chero bedzi iyo control switch I-1 yakavharwa, iyo inonzi peni-peni kuyerwa. Dunhu rinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2 rinogonawo kushandiswa kupedzisa kuyerwa pakati pepini dzese dzinobatika dzemusoro wekuyeresa uye mapini asingabatike akabatwa nepeni yekumisa mita nekukasira. Panguva ino, zvakakosha kudzora kuvharwa kwekuchinja kweNo. Kuyera uku kunogona kunzi pen clamp kuyerwa. Iyo yakayerwa voltage, ne theoretically, inofanirwa kunge iri dunhu kana VA = 0, uye inofanirwa kunge iri dunhu rakavhurika kana VA> 0, uye kukosha kweVA kunosiyana nekukosha kwekupikisa pakati pezviyero zviviri. Zvisinei, sezvo analoginen multiplexer pachayo ine isina-negligible pa-kupikisa RON, nenzira iyi, mushure mokunge nzira yekuyera yaumbwa, kana iri nzira, VA haina kuenzana ne0, asi yakaenzana nekudonha kwemhepo paRON. Sezvo chinangwa chekuyera chiri chekuziva chete hukama hwepa / off, hapana chikonzero chekuyera kukosha chaiko kweVA. Nechikonzero ichi, zvinongodiwa chete kushandisa voltage comparator kuenzanisa kana VA yakakura kupfuura kudonha kwemagetsi paRON. Seta chikumbaridzo voltage yevoltage comparator kuti ienzane nekudonha kwevoltage paRON. Kubuda kweiyo voltage comparator ndiyo mhedzisiro yekuyera, inova huwandu hwedhijitari hunogona kuverengerwa zvakananga neiyo microcontroller.

Kutsunga kwechikumbaridzo voltage

Ongororo dzakaona kuti RON ine misiyano yega yega uye ine chekuitawo neambient tembiricha. Naizvozvo, chikumbaridzo voltage kutakurwa chinoda kuiswa zvakasiyana neyakavharwa analog switch chiteshi. Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa nekugadzira iyo D/A converter.

Dunhu rinoratidzwa muFigure 2 rinogona kushandiswa nyore nyore kuona chikumbaridzo data, iyo nzira ndeyekuvhura switch pairs I-1, II-1; I-2, II-2; …; IN, II-N; fomu Path loop, mushure mekunge peya imwe neimwe yekuchinja yakavharwa, tumira nhamba kuD / A inoshandura, uye nhamba yakatumirwa inowedzera kubva padiki kusvika kuhombe, uye kuyera kubuda kweiyo voltage comparator panguva ino. Kana iyo yakabuda yemagetsi comparator inoshanduka kubva ku1 kusvika ku0, Iyo data panguva ino inofanana neVA. Nenzira iyi, iyo VA yechiteshi chega chega inogona kuyerwa, ndiko kuti, kudonha kwevoltage paRON kana peya yekuchinja yakavharwa. Kune yakakwirira-chaiyo analogi yakawanda, musiyano wega wega muRON idiki, saka hafu yeVA inoyerwa yega nesystem inogona kuverengerwa se data rinoenderana rekudonha kwevoltage pane yakatarisana RON yepeya yekuchinja. Threshold data yeanalog switch.

Dynamic setting yethreshold voltage

Shandisa iyo data yepakati yakayerwa pamusoro kugadzira tafura. Paunenge uchiyera muchibatiso, tora data rinoenderana kubva patafura zvichienderana nenhamba dzema switch maviri akavharwa, uye tumira huwandu hwavo kuD/A inoshandura kuti iite chikumbaridzo voltage. Pakuyera kwepeni clip uye peni-peni kuyerwa, nekuti nzira yekuyera inongopfuura nepakati analogi switch yeNo.

Pamusoro pezvo, nekuti dunhu pacharo (D/A converter, voltage comparator, etc.) rine zvikanganiso, uye pane kurambana pakati peyeyedzo yekumisikidza nepini yakaedzwa panguva yekuyera chaiko, iwo chaiwo magetsi echikumbaridzo akaiswa anofanira kunge ari mukati mechikumbaridzo. zvakatemwa maererano nenzira iri pamusoro. Wedzera chiyero chekugadzirisa pahwaro, kuitira kuti urege kukanganisa nzira sedunhu rakazaruka. Asi iyo yakawedzera chikumbaridzo voltage inokurira kushoma kushoma kuramba, ndiko kuti, kushomeka kudiki pakati pemapini maviri kunotongwa senzira, saka chikumbaridzo voltage kururamisa huwandu hunofanirwa kusarudzwa zvine musoro zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo. Kuburikidza nemiedzo, dunhu rekuona rinogona kunyatsoona kushorwa pakati pepini mbiri ine kukosha kwekupokana kwakakura kupfuura 5 ohms, uye kurongeka kwayo kwakanyanya kudarika iyo yemultimeter.

Mamiriro akawanda anokosha ekuyera mhinduro

Kufurira kwe capacitance

Kana capacitor yakabatanidzwa pakati pepini yakaedzwa, inofanira kunge iri muhukama hwakazaruka, asi nzira yekuyera inobhadharisa iyo capacitor kana switch yakavharwa, uye mapiidhi maviri ekuyera akafanana negwara. Panguva ino, mhedzisiro yekuyera yakaverengwa kubva kune voltage comparator ndiyo nzira. Kune rudzi urwu rwenhema nzira chiitiko chinokonzerwa ne capacitance, nzira mbiri dzinotevera dzinogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa: zvakakodzera kuwedzera kuyerwa ikozvino kupfupisa nguva yekuchaja, kuitira kuti nzira yekuchaja inopera isati yaverenga mibairo yekuyera; wedzera kuongororwa kwechokwadi uye nzira dzenhema kune kuyerwa kwesoftware Chikamu chechirongwa (ona chikamu 5).

Kufurira kwe inductance

Kana inductor yakabatana pakati pepini yakaedzwa, inofanirwa kunge iri muhukama hwakavhurika, asi sezvo kushomeka kweiyo inductor kuri kudiki, mhedzisiro yakayerwa nemultimeter inogara iri nzira. Kusiyana nechiitiko chekuyera kwecapacitance, panguva iyo iyo analogi switch yakavharwa, pane induced electromotive simba nekuda kweiyo inductance. Nenzira iyi, iyo inductance inogona kutongerwa zvakarurama nekushandisa maitiro ekukurumidza kutora kukurumidza kwedunhu rekuona. Asi izvi zvinopesana nechiyero chinodiwa che capacitance.

Kufurira kweanalog switch jitter

Muyero chaiyo, inowanikwa kuti analog switch ine yakagadzikana nzira kubva kune yakavhurika nyika kuenda kune yakavharwa nyika, iyo inoratidzwa sekuchinja kweiyo voltage VA, izvo zvinoita kuti mashoma ekutanga kuyerwa mhedzisiro ienderane. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvakakosha kutonga migumisiro yenzira kakawanda uye kumirira kuti zviyero zvekuyera zvienderane. Simbisa gare gare.

Kusimbisa uye kurekodha kwezviyero zvabuda

Tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana ari pamusoro apa, kuitira kuti uenderane kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaedzwa zvinhu, purogiramu yepurogiramu yevhavha yedhigiramu inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 3 inoshandiswa kusimbisa nekunyora migumisiro yekuyera.