Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali, isivinini siyisisekelo esiyisisekelo nesithuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo jikelele. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwesivinini sesiginali esandisiwe, inani elikhulu lemiklamo ye-elekthronikhi ligcwaliswa ngezixhumi eziningi zejubane, futhi ukwanda kwejubane lesiginali kwenza PCB ukwakheka nokuhlanganisa izintambo okuyisisekelo esiyisisekelo sokusebenza kohlelo lonke. Ubuningi obandayo bezinto ezintsha ezenziwa ngogesi kuholele ekwandeni kwesidingo sokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bomhlangano obulungele kangcono izidingo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-PCB, kufaka phakathi isidingo sokwehlisa umsindo we-onboard ku-PCBS. Umsindo ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe yisici esiyinhloko esithinta ukusebenza kohlelo lonke. Le bhulogi igxila ezindleleni nasezindlela zokunciphisa umsindo wasebhodi ku-PCB esheshayo.

Imiklamo ye-PCB eqinisekisa ukuthi ukwethenjwa kokuthuthuka izoba nezinga eliphansi nomsindo wokuqokwa ebhodini ku-PCB. Idizayini ye-PCB yisigaba esikhulu esibucayi ekutholeni izinsizakalo zomhlangano we-PCB oqinile, ongenamsindo, nokusebenza okuphezulu, nokwakhiwa kwe-PCB sekuyinto ejwayelekile. Kuze kube manje, izinto ezibalulekile zifaka ukwakheka kwesekethe okusebenzayo, izingqinamba zokuxhuma izintambo, izingxenye zezinambuzane, ukuqaqa kanye namasu wokuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwe-PCB okusebenzayo. Owokuqala ukwakheka okubucayi kanye nendlela yokwenza izintambo – izingodo zomhlaba kanye nomsindo womhlabathi, i-strit capacitance, i-impedance yesekethe ephezulu, izintambo zokudlulisela kanye nezintambo ezifakiwe. Ngezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zejubane lesiginali esheshayo esifundeni,

Amasu wokuqamba okususa umsindo osesigabeni ku-PCB enejubane elikhulu

Umsindo ku-PCB ungathikameza ukusebenza kwe-PCB ngenxa yokuguquguquka kokushaywa ngamandla kwe-voltage nesimo samanje. Funda izindlela ezithile zokuqapha ukugwema amaphutha angasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza nasekuvikeleni umsindo kuma-PCBS asheshayo.

Nciphisa i-crosstalk

I-Crosstalk iyinhlanganisela engasebenzi futhi ehlangana kagesi phakathi kwezintambo, izintambo, imihlangano yekhebula, nezinto ezihambisana nokusatshalaliswa kwensimu kagesi. I-Crosstalk incike kakhulu kumasu okuhambisa umzila. I-Crosstalk ayinakwenzeka ukuthi yenzeke lapho izintambo zihanjiswa eceleni. Uma izintambo zifana, i-crosstalk kungenzeka yenzeke uma izingxenye zingagcinwa zifushane. Ezinye izindlela zokugwema i-crosstalk ukwehlisa ukuphakama kwe-dielectric futhi kwandise isikhala phakathi kwezintambo.

Ubuqotho bamandla wesiginali

Ochwepheshe bokudizayina be-PCB kufanele bacabangele ngokucophelela amasiginali namandla wobuqotho bamandla namakhono we-analog wemiklamo ye-PCB esheshayo. Okunye kokukhathazeka okuyinhloko kokuklanywa kwejubane le-SI ukukhethwa okulungile kwemigqa yokudlulisa yokwakhiwa kwe-PCB ngokususelwa kusivinini sesiginali esiqondile, umshayeli we-IC, nezinye izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zokwakha ezisiza ukugwema umsindo we-PCB onboard. Ijubane lesiginali liyashesha. Amandla obuqotho (PI) nayo iyingxenye ebalulekile yephrothokholi edingekayo ukusebenzisa imiklamo ye-PCB enejubane eyehlisa umsindo futhi igcine ukuzinza kwamandla kagesi ku-pad ye-chip.

Vimbela izindawo zokushisela ezibandayo

Inqubo yokushisela engalungile ingaholela ezindaweni ezibandayo. Amalunga we-Cold solder angadala izinkinga njengokuvuleka okungajwayelekile, umsindo omile njalonjalo. Good! Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinjalo, qiniseka ukuthi ushisa i-ayoni kahle ngokushisa okulungile. Ithiphu yethiphu yensimbi kufanele ibekwe esihlangwini se-solder ukuyifudumeza kahle ngaphambi kokufaka i-solder kujoyini le-solder. Uzobona ukuncibilika ezingeni lokushisa elifanele; I-solder imboza ngokuphelele ukujoyina. Ezinye izindlela zokwenza i-welding ibe lula ukusebenzisa i-flux.

Nciphisa imisebe ye-PCB ukufeza ukwakheka komsindo ophansi we-PCB

Isakhiwo esine-laminated sezimbili zomugqa ezincikene kuyindlela ekahle yokuhlelwa kwesifunda ukugwema umsindo we-boardboard ku-PCB. Ezinye izinto ezidingekayo zokufeza ukwakheka kwe-PCB enomsindo ophansi nokunciphisa ukuphuma kwe-PCB kufaka phakathi ithuba eliphansi lokuqhekeka, ukwengezwa kwama-resistor terminal wokusebenzisa, ukusetshenziswa kwama-capacitor we-decoupling, ukwehlukaniswa kwezendlalelo zomhlaba we-analog kanye nedijithali, nokuhlukaniswa kwe-I / O izindawo nokuvala ibhodi noma isignali ebhodini zihambisana kahle nezidingo ze-PCBS ezinomsindo omkhulu.

Ukuqalisa ngokugcwele wonke amasu angenhla nokugcina engqondweni izidingo ezithile zokwenza ngokwezifiso zanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi ye-PCB, cishe ukuklama i-PCB engenamsindo akuqinisekile. Ukuze sibe nokukhetha okwanele kokuthola ama-PCBS angenamsindo ekucacisweni kwe-EMS, yingakho siphakamise izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokugwema umsindo wasebhodini kwi-PCB esheshayo.