A cikin ƙirar EMC na PCB, damuwa ta farko shine saitin Layer; Yadudduka na jirgi sun haɗa da samar da wutar lantarki, ƙasa da siginar sigina. A cikin ƙirar samfuran EMC, ban da zaɓin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da ƙirar kewaya, ƙirar PCB mai kyau shima abu ne mai mahimmanci.

Mabuɗin ƙirar EMC na PCB shine don rage yankin baya -baya kuma sanya hanyar dawowa ta gudana a cikin hanyar da muka tsara. Tsarin Layer shine tushen PCB, yadda ake yin kyakkyawan aiki na ƙirar ƙirar PCB don yin tasirin EMC na PCB mafi kyau?

Ra’ayoyin ƙira na PCB Layer:

Jigon PCB da aka shimfida shirin EMC da ƙira shine don tsara madaidaicin hanyar siginar siginar don rage yankin siginar siginar daga madubin madubin allo, don kawar ko rage girman juzu’i.

1. Layer mirroring Layer

Layer madubi shine cikakken Layer na jirgin saman da aka rufe da tagulla (Layer samar da wutar lantarki, layin ƙasa) kusa da layin siginar a cikin PCB. Babban ayyukan sune kamar haka:

(1) Rage amo mai juyawa: layin madubi na iya ba da ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin hanya don dawo da layin siginar, musamman lokacin da akwai babban kwarara mai gudana a cikin tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki, rawar madubin madubi ya fi bayyane.

(2) Rage EMI: wanzuwar madubin madubi yana rage yanki na rufaffiyar madauki da siginar da reflux ya samar kuma ya rage EMI;

(3) rage crosstalk: taimakawa don sarrafa matsalar crosstalk tsakanin layin siginar a cikin kewayon dijital mai sauri, canza tsayin layin siginar daga layin madubi, zaku iya sarrafa crosstalk tsakanin layin sigina, ƙaramin tsayi, ƙarami ƙugiya;

(4) Ikon rashin ƙarfi don hana tunanin siginar.

Zaɓin madubin madubi

(1) Dukansu wutar lantarki da jirgin ƙasa za a iya amfani da su azaman jirgin tunani, kuma suna da wani tasiri na kariya akan wayoyin cikin gida;

(2) Dangane da magana, jirgin wutar lantarki yana da babban haɓakar halayyar, kuma akwai babban bambanci mai mahimmanci tare da matakin tunani, kuma tsangwama mai yawa akan jirgin wutar lantarki yana da girma;

(3) Daga mahangar garkuwa, jirgin ƙasa gabaɗaya yana da tushe kuma ana amfani dashi azaman alamar matakin tunani, kuma tasirin garkuwar sa ya fi na jirgin wutar lantarki ƙarfi;

(4) Lokacin zaɓar jirgin tunani, yakamata a fifita jirgin ƙasa, kuma a zaɓi jirgin wutar lantarki na biyu.

Ka’idar sokewar Magnetic flux:

Dangane da lissafin Maxwell, duk wani aiki na lantarki da na maganadisu tsakanin keɓaɓɓun gawarwaki ko raƙuman ruwa ana watsa su ta tsakiyar yankin da ke tsakanin su, ko ya zama fanko ko abu mai ƙarfi. A cikin PCB, ana jujjuyar juzu’in koyaushe a cikin layin watsawa. Idan hanyar dawo da rf daidai yake da tafarkin siginar da ta dace, kwararar akan hanyar kwarararwar tana cikin kishiyar wancan zuwa kan hanyar siginar, to an ɗora su akan juna, kuma an sami sakamako na sokewar juyi.

Jigon sokewar juyi shine sarrafa hanyar dawo da sigina, kamar yadda aka nuna a zane mai zuwa:

Yadda ake amfani da dokar hannun dama don bayyana tasirin sokewar maganadisu na juzu’i lokacin da siginar siginar ke kusa da stratum an yi bayani kamar haka:

(1) Lokacin da igiyar ruwa ke gudana ta cikin waya, za a samar da filin magnetic a kusa da waya, kuma ikon hannun dama yana ƙaddara shugabancin filin magnetic.

(2) lokacin da biyu ke kusa da juna kuma a layi ɗaya da waya, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi na ƙasa, ɗaya daga cikin madubin wutar lantarki don fitarwa, ɗayan madubin wutar lantarki zai gudana, idan wutar lantarki ta gudana ta cikin waya na yanzu ne kuma siginar dawowar sa na yanzu, to, kishiyar shugabanci biyu na halin yanzu daidai ne, don haka filin su na magnetic daidai ne, amma alkibla tana gaba,Don haka suna soke juna.

Misali ƙirar ƙirar allo guda shida

1. Ga faranti masu faffada shida, an fi son tsarin 3;

Analysis:

(1) Yayin da siginar siginar ke kusa da jirgin sama mai jujjuyawa, kuma S1, S2 da S3 suna kusa da jirgin ƙasa, an sami mafi kyawun sakamako na sokewar maganadisu. Sabili da haka, S2 shine madaidaicin hanyar juyawa, sannan S3 da S1.

(2) Jirgin wutar yana kusa da jirgin GND, tazara tsakanin jiragen yayi ƙanƙanta sosai, kuma yana da mafi kyawun tasirin sokewar maganadisu da ƙarancin ƙarfin jirgin.

(3) Babban ƙarfin wutan lantarki da zanen bene mai dacewa yana kan layi 4 da 5. Lokacin da aka saita kauri Layer, yakamata a ƙara tazara tsakanin S2-P kuma a rage tazara tsakanin P-G2 (tazara tsakanin Layer Yakamata a rage G1-S2 daidai gwargwado), don rage ƙuntatawar jirgin wutar lantarki da tasirin samar da wutar lantarki akan S2.

2. Lokacin da farashi ya yi yawa, ana iya ɗaukar tsari 1;

Analysis:

(1) Saboda siginar siginar tana kusa da jirgin sama mai jujjuyawa kuma S1 da S2 suna kusa da jirgin ƙasa, wannan tsarin yana da mafi kyawun tasirin sokewar maganadisu.

(2) Sakamakon tasirin sokewar magudanar maganadisu da rashin isasshen jirgin sama mai ƙarfi daga jirgin wuta zuwa jirgin GND ta hanyar S3 da S2;

(3) Layer wayoyin da aka fi so S1 da S2, sai S3 da S4.

3. Ga faranti masu faifan Layya guda shida, zaɓi na 4

Analysis:

Tsarin 4 ya fi dacewa da Tsarin 3 don na gida, ƙaramin adadin buƙatun sigina, wanda zai iya samar da ingantaccen sashin wayoyi S2.

4. Mummunan tasirin EMC, Tsarin,Analysis:

A cikin wannan tsarin, S1 da S2 suna kusa, S3 da S4 suna kusa, kuma S3 da S4 basa kusa da jirgin ƙasa, don haka tasirin sokewar magnetic mara kyau.

Csakawa

Musamman ka’idodin ƙirar Layer PCB:

(1) Akwai cikakken jirgin sama na ƙasa (garkuwa) a ƙasa da sashin haɗin gwiwa da farfajiyar walda;

(2) Yi ƙoƙari don gujewa kai tsaye kusa da yadudduka sigina biyu;

(3) Duk siginar siginar suna kusa da jirgin ƙasa gwargwadon iko;

(4) Layer wayoyi na babban mita, saurin gudu, agogo da sauran siginar maɓalli yakamata su sami jirgin ƙasa na kusa.