Mumapangidwe a EMC a PCB, chodetsa nkhawa choyamba ndikukhazikitsa kosanjikiza; Zigawo za bolodi zimapangidwa ndimagetsi, wosanjikiza pansi ndi siginolo ya ma siginolo. Pakapangidwe kazinthu za EMC, kuphatikiza pazosankha zamagawo ndi kapangidwe ka dera, kapangidwe kabwino ka PCB ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri.

Chinsinsi cha kapangidwe ka EMC ka PCB ndikuchepetsa malo obwerera m’mbuyo ndikupangitsa njira yobwerera kubwerera momwe tidapangira. Kapangidwe kameneka ndiye maziko a PCB, momwe mungagwirire ntchito yabwino ya kapangidwe ka PCB kuti EMC ikhale yoyenerera?

Kupanga malingaliro a PCB wosanjikiza:

Phata la PCB laminated EMC kukonzekera ndi kapangidwe kake ndikukonzekera moyenera njira yobwererera kuti muchepetse malo obwerera kumbuyo kwa siginecha kuchokera pagalasi lanyumba, kuti muchepetse kapena kuchepetsanso maginito.

1. Board mirroring wosanjikiza

Galasi losanjikiza ndi gawo lathunthu lamiyala yamagetsi yamkuwa (yosanjikiza magetsi, yosanjikiza) yozungulira mzere wosanjikiza mkati mwa PCB. Ntchito zazikulu ndi izi:

(1) Kuchepetsa phokoso lakumabwerera: galasi losanjikiza limatha kupereka njira yotsika yotsatsira mayendedwe osunthira, makamaka pakakhala kutuluka kwakukulu pakachitidwe kogawa mphamvu, gawo la magalasi osanja ndiwowonekera kwambiri.

(2) Kuchepetsa EMI: kukhalapo kwa kalilole wosanjikiza kumachepetsa malo otsekedwa otsekedwa ndi chizindikiritso ndi Reflux ndikuchepetsa EMI;

(3) kuchepetsa crosstalk: thandizani vuto la crosstalk pakati pa mizere yamagetsi pamagetsi othamanga kwambiri, sinthani kutalika kwa mzere wazizindikiro kuchokera pagalasi, mutha kuwongolera mtanda pakati pa mizere yazizindikiro, kutalika kwazing’ono, zing’onozing’ono mtanda;

(4) Kuwongolera kuyimitsidwa kuti muchepetse kuwunika kwa siginecha.

Kusankhidwa kwa kalilole wosanjikiza

(1) Mphamvu zamagetsi komanso ndege yapansi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ndege yowunikira, ndipo imakhala ndi vuto linalake poteteza waya;

(2) Kunena zowona, ndege yamagetsi ili ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wapamwamba, ndipo pali kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kungachitike ndi mulingo wofotokozera, ndipo kusokonekera kwapafupipafupi pa ndege yamagetsi ndi yayikulu;

(3) Malinga ndi momwe amatetezera, ndege yapansi nthawi zambiri imakhala pansi ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholozera cha zomwe zatchulidwazo, ndipo mphamvu yake yoteteza ndiyabwino kuposa ya ndege yamphamvu;

(4) Mukamasankha ndege yolozera, ndege yapansi iyenera kukondedwa, ndipo ndege yamagetsi iyenera kusankhidwa yachiwiri.

Mfundo yokhudza kusintha kwa maginito:

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa a Maxwell, zonse zamagetsi ndi maginito zomwe zimachitika pakati pa matupi kapena mafunde opatsirana zimafalikira kudera lapakati pakati pawo, kaya ndi vakuyumu kapena chinthu cholimba. Mu PCB, kutuluka nthawi zonse kumafalikira pamzere wofatsira. Ngati njira yobwererera ya rf ikufanana ndi njira yofananira ndi mayendedwe, kusunthika kwa njira yobwerera kumbuyo kumatsutsana ndi komwe kuli njira yolozera, ndiye kuti kumangokhalira kulumikizana, ndipo zotsatira zakuletsa kutuluka zimapezeka.

Chofunika kwambiri pakuchotsa kutuluka ndi kuwongolera njira yobwerera mbendera, monga zikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi:

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito lamanja lamanja pofotokozera maginito otulutsa maginito pomwe gawo lazizindikiro lili pafupi ndi chingwe likufotokozedwa motere:

(1) Pakadutsa pano waya, maginito amapangidwa mozungulira waya, ndipo kuwongolera kwa maginito kumatsimikizidwa ndi lamulo lamanja.

(2) pakakhala awiri oyandikana wina ndi mnzake komanso ofanana ndi waya, monga zikuwonetsedwa pachithunzipa, m’modzi mwa oyendetsa magetsi kuti atulutse, winayo woyendetsa magetsi akuyenda, ngati magetsi akuyenda waya zilipo pakadali pano ndikubwerera kwake kwa mbendera, ndiye kuti mbali ziwirizi ndizofanana, motero maginito awo ndi ofanana, koma mbaliyo ndi yotsutsana,Chifukwa chake amaletsana.

Chitsanzo chazithunzi zisanu ndi chimodzi

1. Kwa mbale zisanu ndi chimodzi zosanjikiza, chiwembu 3 chimasankhidwa;

Kufufuza:

(1) Popeza mzere wosanjikiza uli pafupi ndi ndege yowunikiranso, ndipo S1, S2 ndi S3 ali pafupi ndi ndege yapansi, magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri a maginito amakwaniritsidwa. Chifukwa chake, S2 ndiye njira yosankhika, yotsatiridwa ndi S3 ndi S1.

(2) Ndege yamagetsi ili moyandikana ndi ndege ya GND, mtunda wapakati pa ndege ndizochepa kwambiri, ndipo ili ndi mphamvu yoletsa kutulutsa kwa maginito kwambiri komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yotsika mphamvu.

(3) Chopangira magetsi chachikulu ndi nsalu yake yofanana pansi pake pamakhala wosanjikiza 4 ndi 5. Pakakhala makulidwe osanjikiza, mipata pakati pa S2-P iyenera kukulitsidwa ndipo malo pakati pa P-G2 ayenera kuchepetsedwa (mtunda pakati pa wosanjikiza G1-S2 iyenera kuchepetsedwa chimodzimodzi), kuti muchepetse kuyimitsidwa kwa ndege yamagetsi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi pa S2.

2. Mtengo ukakhala wokwera, chiwembu 1 chitha kutengedwa;

Kufufuza:

(1) Chifukwa wosanjikiza wazizindikiro ali pafupi ndi ndege yowunikiranso ndipo S1 ndi S2 ali pafupi ndi ndege yapansi, kapangidwe kameneka kali ndi maginito othetsa maginito abwino kwambiri;

(2) Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa maginito otulutsa maginito komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yayikulu kuchokera ku ndege kupita ku ndege ya GND kudzera pa S3 ndi S2;

(3) Wiring wiring wosanjikiza S1 ndi S2, wotsatira S3 ndi S4.

3. Kwa mbale zisanu ndi chimodzi, 4

Kufufuza:

Chiwembu 4 ndi choyenera kwambiri kuposa chiwembu 3 chakomweko, zochepa zofunikira, zomwe zimatha kupereka zingwe zabwino kwambiri za S2.

4. Mphamvu yoyipa kwambiri ya EMC, chiwembu,Kufufuza:

M’nyumbayi, S1 ndi S2 ali pafupi, S3 ndi S4 ali pafupi, ndipo S3 ndi S4 sizoyandikana ndi ndege yapansi, chifukwa chake maginidwe othamangitsa maginito siabwino.

Ckuchotsera

Mfundo zenizeni za kapangidwe ka PCB wosanjikiza:

(1) Pali ndege yonse yapansi (chishango) pansi pazopangira pamwamba ndikuwotcherera;

(2) Yesetsani kupewa pafupi moyandikana ndi zigawo ziwiri;

(3) Magawo onse azizindikiro ali moyandikana ndi ndege yapansi momwe angathere;

(4) Wiring wosanjikiza wamafupipafupi, kuthamanga kwambiri, wotchi ndi zizindikilo zina zazikulu ziyenera kukhala ndi ndege yoyandikana nayo.