Uwujonga njani umjikelo omfutshane ngaphakathi PCB Ngexesha loyilo lwe-PCB, ungathatha la manyathelo abalulekileyo ukujonga isekethe emfutshane kwi-PCB: 1. 2. Uvavanyo lwesekethe elifutshane kwibhodi yesekethe; 3. Fumana izinto ezingalunganga kwi-PCB; 4. Vavanya i-PCB ngokonakalisa.

Inyathelo 1: Uyifumana njani isekethe emfutshane kwiPCB

Jonga ngokubonakalayo ifayile ye-

Inyathelo lokuqala kukujonga ngononophelo kuwo wonke umphezulu wePCB. Ukuba kunjalo, sebenzisa iglass magnifying or low power microscope. Khangela iindevu zetini phakathi kweephedi okanye amalungu adibeneyo. Nakuphi na ukuqhekeka okanye amabala kwi-solder kufuneka kuqatshelwe. Jonga yonke imingxunya. Ukuba akufakwanga kwimingxunya kuchaziwe, qiniseka ukuba le yimeko ebhodini. Ukugqobhoza kakubi kwimingxunya kunokubangela isekethe emfutshane phakathi kwamanqanaba kwaye yenze yonke into oyibekileyo, i-VCC okanye zombini ziboshwe kunye. Ukuba isekethe emfutshane imbi kakhulu kwaye ibangela ukuba icandelo lifikelele kubushushu obubalulekileyo, uya kubona iindawo zokutsha kwibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo. Banokuba bancinci, kodwa bajike bumdaka endaweni yokuluhlaza okuqhelekileyo. Ukuba uneebhodi ezininzi, i-PCB etshisiweyo inokukunceda unciphise indawo ethile ngaphandle kokufaka amandla kwenye ibhodi, ukuze ungancami uluhlu lokukhangela. Ngelishwa, kwakungekho kutsha kwibhodi yethu yesekethe uqobo, iminwe nje engenathamsanqa ikhangela ukuba isekethe ehlanganisiweyo iyatshisa. Ezinye iisekethe ezimfutshane ziya kwenzeka ngaphakathi ebhodini kwaye azizukuvelisa amanqaku omlilo. Oku kukwathetha ukuba abatsali ingqalelo kumaleko womhlaba. Okwangoku, uzakufuna ezinye iindlela zokufumana iisekethi ezimfutshane kwi-PCB.

Ukucingela okungafunekiyo

Sebenzisa umfanekiso obushushu we-infrared kunokukunceda ufumane iindawo ezivelisa ubushushu obuninzi. Ukuba icandelo elisebenzayo alibonwa lisuka kwindawo eshushu, isekethe emfutshane ye-PCB inokwenzeka nokuba yenzeka phakathi kweendlela zangaphakathi. Iisekethi ezimfutshane ngokubanzi zinokuxhathisa okuphezulu kunentambo eziqhelekileyo okanye amalungu adibeneyo ngenxa yokuba ayinasibonelelo sokwenza kuyilo (ngaphandle kokuba ufuna ukungahoyi ukujonga umthetho). Oku kuxhathisa, kunye nomgangatho ophakamileyo wendalo oveliswe kukunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo phakathi konikezelo lwamandla kunye nomhlaba, kuthetha ukuba umqhubi kwisekethe ye-PCB emfutshane ishushu. Qala ngombane ophantsi onokuwusebenzisa. Ngokufanelekileyo, uya kubona isekethe emfutshane ngaphambi kokuba wenze umonakalo ongaphezulu.

Uvavanyo lomnwe luyindlela yokujonga ukuba ngaba icandelo elithile litshisa kakhulu

Inyathelo 2: Ndivavanya njani iisekethi ezimfutshane kwibhodi ye-elektroniki

Ukongeza kwinqanaba lokuqala lokujonga ibhodi ngeliso elithembekileyo, kukho ezinye iindlela ezininzi onokujonga ngazo izizathu ezinokubangela i-PCB ezimfutshane.

Vavanya ngemultimeter yedijithali

Ukuvavanya ibhodi yesekethe ukujikeleza okufutshane, jonga ukuxhathisa phakathi kwamanqaku ahlukeneyo kwisekethe. Ukuba uhlolo olubonakalayo alubonakalisi naziphi na izikhombisi malunga nendawo okanye unobangela wesekethe emfutshane, bamba imultimeter kwaye uzame ukujonga indawo ebonakalayo kwibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo. Inkqubo ye-multimeter ifumene uphononongo oluxubekileyo kwiiforum ezininzi ze-elektroniki, kodwa amanqaku okuvavanya umkhondo anokukunceda uchonge iingxaki. Uya kudinga imultimeter elungileyo kakhulu enobuntununtunu be-milliohm, ekulula kuyo ukuba inebuzzer function ukukukwazisa xa ubhaqa imijikelezo emifutshane. Umzekelo, ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kufuneka kulinganiswe ukuba ukunganyangeki kulinganiswa phakathi kweentambo okanye iipads ezikufutshane kwi-PCB. Ukuba uxhathiso olulinganiswe phakathi kweekhondaktha ezimbini ekufuneka zibe kwisekethe eyahlukileyo liphantsi kakhulu, abaqhubi babini banokudityaniswa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle. Qaphela ukuba iingcingo ezimbini ezikufutshane okanye iiphedi ezibhityiwe nge-inductor (umzekelo kuthungelwano lwe-impedance okanye kwiisekethi zeefilitha ezizimeleyo) ziya kuvelisa ukufundwa okuphantsi kakhulu kuba i-inductor yikhondaktha kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba abaqhubi ebhodini bakude kakhulu, kwaye ukunganyangeki okufundayo kuncinci, kuya kubakho ibhulorho kwenye indawo ebhodini.

Inxulumene novavanyo lomhlaba

Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ziisekethi ezimfutshane ezibandakanya imingxunya yomhlaba okanye iileya zomhlaba. Ii-PCBS ezininzi ezinobungqingili bangaphakathi ziya kubandakanya indlela yokubuyela kwindibano kufutshane nomngxunya, ukubonelela ngendawo efanelekileyo yokuhlola yonke eminye imingxunya kunye neepads kumaleko webhodi. Beka iphenyo enye kuqhagamshelo lomhlaba kwaye uchukumise enye iprobe komnye umqhubi ebhodini. Unxibelelwano lomhlaba olufanayo luya kubakho kwenye indawo ebhodini, oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba iprobe nganye ibekwe kwindawo yokudibana kunye nemingxunya emibini eyahlukeneyo, ukufunda kuya kuba kuncinci. Lumka uyilo lwakho xa usenza oku, kuba awufuni ukwenza impazamo kwisekethe emfutshane kunxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo lomhlaba. Zonke ezinye iikhondaktha ezingangqinelwanga ezingangqalanga ziya kuba nokumelana okuphezulu phakathi konxibelelwano lomhlaba oqhelekileyo kunye nomqhubi uqobo. Ukuba amaxabiso afundwayo aphantsi kwaye akukho kuncitshiswa phakathi komqhubi ekubhekiswa kuye kunye nomhlaba, ukonakala kwecandelo okanye ukujikeleza okufutshane kunokuba ngunobangela.

Iiprosesa zemultimeter zinokukunceda ufumane iindlela ezimfutshane, kodwa azisoloko zibuthathaka ngokwaneleyo ukufumana iindlela ezimfutshane.

Amacandelo emijikelezo emfutshane

Ukujonga ukuba icandelo lifutshane na, sebenzisa imultimeter ukulinganisa ukunganyangeki.Ukuba ukuhlolwa okubonwayo akubonakalisi ukuthengisa okugqithisileyo okanye isinyithi phakathi kweepads, kunokubakho isekethe emfutshane kumaleko wangaphakathi phakathi kweepads / izikhonkwane ezimbini kwindibano. Iisekethi ezimfutshane zinokwenzeka kwakhona phakathi kweepads / izikhonkwane kwiindibano ngenxa yokuveliswa kakubi. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba i-PCB itshekishwe i-DFM kunye nemithetho yoyilo. Iipads kunye nemingxunya esondelelene kakhulu inokubanjwa ngengozi okanye ijikelezwe ngokufutshane ngexesha lokuvelisa. Apha, kufuneka ulinganise ukuxhathisa phakathi kwezikhonkwane kwi-IC okanye isinxibelelanisi. Izikhonkwane ezikufutshane zixhomekeke ikakhulu kwisekethe emfutshane, kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela indawo apho ukujikeleza okufutshane kunokubakho. Jonga ukuba uxhathiso phakathi kweepads / izikhonkwane zihambelana nomnye nokuba uxhulumaniso lomhlaba lunokuxhathisa okuphantsi.

Jonga ukumelana phakathi kwesihlalo esiphantsi komhlaba, isinxibelelanisi kunye nezinye izikhonkwane kwi-IC. Isinxibelelanisi se-USB sibonisiwe apha.

Indawo emxinwa

Ukuba ucinga ukuba kukho isiphaluka esifutshane phakathi kwabaqhubi ababini okanye phakathi komqhubi kunye nomhlaba, unganciphisa indawo ngokujonga abaqhubi abakufutshane. Qhagamshela isikhokelo esinye se-multimeter kunxibelelwano olukrokrelweyo lweesekethe, hambisa enye ikhokelele kunxibelelwano olwahlukileyo lomhlaba elikufutshane, kwaye ujonge ukunganyangeki. Njengoko usiya phambili ukuya kwinqanaba lomhlaba, kuya kufuneka ubone utshintsho kwinkcaso. Ukuba ukunganyangeki kuyanda, ushenxisa ucingo olusebusweni kude kwindawo ekufutshane yesekethe. Oku kukunceda unciphise indawo ngqo yesekethe emfutshane, nokuba kukwipere / iipini ezithile zecandelo.

Inyathelo 3: Ndizifumana njani izinto ezingalunganga kwi-PCB

Izinto ezingalunganga okanye izinto ezingafakwanga kakuhle zinokubangela isekethe emfutshane, enokubangela iingxaki ezininzi ebhodini. Izinto zakho zinokuba neziphene okanye zibekho, zibangele iisekethi ezimfutshane okanye iisekethi ezimfutshane.

Into engalunganga

Amanye amacandelo anokuchaphazeleka ngenxa yokonakala, njengama-capacitor e-electrolytic. Ukuba unezinto ezikrokrisayo, jonga ezo zinto kuqala. Ukuba uyathandabuza, unokwenza ukukhangela ngokukhawuleza kuGoogle kwizinto ezikrokrelwa “ukusilela” ukufumanisa ukuba le yingxaki eqhelekileyo. Ukuba ulinganisa ukumelana okuphantsi kakhulu phakathi kweepads / izikhonkwane ezibini (akukho namnye umhlaba okanye izikhonkwane zamandla), unokufutshane ngenxa yokutsha kwezinto. Oku kubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba i-capacitor yaphukile. I-capacitor iyakwandisa nje ukuba isihla okanye umbane osetyenzisiweyo ungaphezulu komqobo wokuqhekeka.

Uyabona iqhuma ngaphezulu kwale capacitor? Oku kubonisa ukuba i-capacitor yonakele.

Inyathelo 4: Ndiyvavanya njani i-PCB

Uvavanyo olonakalisayo ngokucacileyo licebo lokugqibela. Ukuba ungasebenzisa isixhobo sokucinga ngeX-ray, unokujonga ngaphakathi kwibhodi yesekethe ngaphandle kokuyonakalisa. Xa kungekho sixhobo seX-reyi, ungaqala ukususa izinto kunye nokuvavanya kwakhona iimultimeter. Oku kunceda ngeendlela ezimbini. Okokuqala, ikunika ukufikelela ngokulula kwiipads (kubandakanya iipads ezishushu) ezinokuthi zijikeleze ixesha elifutshane. Okwesibini, isusa ukubakho kwesiphoso esibangela isekethe emfutshane, ekuvumela ukuba ugxile kumqhubi. Ukuba uzama ukunciphisa apho isekethe emfutshane iqhagamshele khona kwicandelo (umzekelo, phakathi kweephedi ezimbini), isenokungabonakali ukuba icandelo linesiphene okanye ukuba isekethe emfutshane ifunyenwe kwindawo ethile ngaphakathi ebhodini. Okwangoku, kuya kufuneka uyisuse indibano kwaye ujonge iipads ebhodini. Ukususa indibano kukuvumela ukuba uvavanye ukuba ngaba indibano ngokwayo inesiphene okanye ingaba iiphedi ebhodini zibhanti zangaphakathi.

Ukuba indawo yesekethe emfutshane (okanye isekethe ezininzi ezimfutshane) ihlala ingafumaneki, sika ibhodi kwaye uzame ukuyinciphisa. Ukuba unoluvo lokuba indawo emfutshane ijikeleze ngokubanzi, sika icandelo kwaye uphindaphinde uvavanyo lweemultimeter kwelo candelo. Okwangoku, unokuphinda ezi mvavanyo zingasentla nge-multimeter ukujonga iisekethi ezimfutshane kwiindawo ezithile. Ukuba ufikelele kweli nqanaba, iibhulukhwe zakho ezimfutshane bezikhe zanzima ngokukodwa. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba unciphise isekethe emfutshane kwindawo ethile yebhodi.