Printed Circuit Board (PCB), also known as Printed Circuit Board, is an important electronic component, is the support body of electronic components, is the carrier of electrical connection of electronic components. Because it is made by electronic printing, it is called a “printed” circuit board.

Classification of PCB

There are three main types of PCBS:

1. The single panel

On a basic PCB, the parts are on one side and the wires on the other side (on the same side with the patch element and on the other side with the plug-in element). Because the wire appears on only one side, the PCB is called single-sided. Because single panels had many strict restrictions on the design of the circuit (because there was only one side, the wiring could not cross and had to take a separate path), only early circuits used such boards.

2. Double panel

Double-sided Boards have wiring on both sides of the board, but proper electrical connections between the two sides are necessary to use the wires on both sides. This “bridge” between circuits is called a guide hole (VIA). Guide holes are small holes in the PCB filled or coated with metal that can be connected to wires on both sides. Because the area of the double panel is twice larger than that of a single panel, double panel solves the difficulty of staggered wiring in a single panel (it can lead to the other side through holes), and it is more suitable for more complex circuits than a single panel.

3. A multilayer

In order to increase the area where wiring can be done, more single – and double-sided wiring Boards are used for multi-layer Boards. With a double lining, two one-way for outer layer or two double lining, two blocks of the single outer layer of the printed circuit board, through the positioning system and alternate insulation adhesive materials and conductive graphics interconnection according to design requirement of printed circuit board becomes four, six-layer printed circuit board, also known as multilayer printed circuit board. The number of layers of the board does not mean that there are several independent wiring layers. In special cases, empty layers are added to control the thickness of the board. Usually, the number of layers is even and the outermost two layers are included. Most motherboards are built with four to eight layers, but technically close to 100 layers of PCBS are possible. Most large supercomputers use quite a few layers of motherboards, but they have fallen out of use as they can be replaced by clusters of ordinary computers. Because the layers in a PCB are so tightly integrated, it’s not always easy to see the actual number, but if you look closely at the motherboard, you can.

PCB role

Electronic equipment using a printed board, because of the same type of printed board consistency, so as to avoid manual wiring error, and electronic components can be automatically inserted or installed, automatic soldering, automatic detection, to ensure the quality of electronic equipment, improve labor productivity, reduce the cost, and easy maintenance.

PCB features (advantages)

PCBs have grown in popularity because of their many unique advantages, including the following.

Can be high-density. For decades, PCB density has evolved as integrated circuits have improved and installation technology has improved.

High reliability. Through a series of inspections, tests, and aging tests, the PCB can be guaranteed to work reliably for a long period of time (generally 20 years).

Designability. For PCB performance (electrical, physical, chemical, mechanical, etc.) requirements, can be standardized design, standardization, and so on to achieve printed board design, short time, high efficiency.

Productive. Adopt modern management, can carry on standardization, scale (quantity), automation, and so on production, guarantee product quality consistency.

Testability. A relatively complete testing method, testing standards, various testing equipment, and instruments have been established to test and appraise PCB products’ qualification and service life.

Assemblability. PCB products not only facilitate standardized assembly of various components but also can be automated, large-scale mass production. At the same time, PCB and various component assembly parts can also be assembled into larger parts, systems, until the whole machine.

Maintainability. Since PCB products and various component assemblies are standardized in design and mass production, these components are also standardized. Therefore, once the system fails, it can be replaced quickly, conveniently, and flexibly to recover the system work quickly. Of course, much more could be said. Such as the system miniaturization, lightweight, signal transmission speed, etc.