Ishicilelwe yiBhodi yeSekethe (I-PCB), ekwabizwa ngokuba yiBhodi yeeSekethi eziPrintiweyo, yinto ebalulekileyo ye-elektroniki, ngumzimba wenkxaso wezinto ze-elektroniki, ophethe uqhagamshelo lombane lwezinto zombane. Kuba yenziwa ngokushicilelwa ngombane, ibizwa ngokuba yibhodi yesekethe “eprintiweyo”.

Ukuhlelwa kwePCB

Zintathu iintlobo eziphambili zePCBS:

1. Iphaneli enye

Kwi-PCB esisiseko, iinxalenye zikwelinye icala kwaye iingcingo zikwelinye icala (kwicala elinye elinento yokwenza kunye nakwelinye icala elinendawo ye-plug-in). Ngenxa yokuba ucingo lubonakala kwicala elinye kuphela, i-PCB ibizwa ngokuba yicala elinye. Ngenxa yokuba iiphaneli ezizodwa zazinezithintelo ezingqongqo kuyilo lwesekethe (kuba lalilinye icala, i-wiring ayinakuwela kwaye kufuneka ithathe indlela eyahlukileyo), kuphela ziisekethe zakuqala ezazisebenzisa ezo bhodi.

2. Iphaneli kabini

Iibhodi ezinamacala amabini zinentambo kumacala omabini ebhodi, kodwa unxibelelwano olululo lombane phakathi kwala macala mabini luyimfuneko ekusebenziseni iingcingo kumacala omabini. Le “bhulorho” phakathi kweesekethe ibizwa ngokuba ngumngxunya wesikhokelo (VIA). Imingxunya yesikhokelo yimingxunya emincinci kwi-PCB ezaliswe okanye egalelwe isinyithi enokuqhagamshelwa kwiingcingo kumacala omabini. Kuba indawo yephaneli ephindwe kabini iphindwe kabini kunepaneli enye, iphaneli ephindwe kabini isombulula ubunzima bokubamba iintambo kwiphaneli enye (inokukhokelela kwelinye icala ngemingxunya), kwaye ilunge ngakumbi kwiisekethe ezintsonkothileyo kunepaneli enye.

3. Uluhlu oluninzi

Ukulungiselela ukwandisa indawo apho kunokwenziwa khona i-wiring, iiBhodi ezingaphezulu kumacala amabini kunye namacala amabini asetyenziselwa iiBhodi ezininzi. Ngombane ophindwe kabini, iindlela ezimbini zoluhlu lwangaphandle okanye ulwelwesi oluphindwe kabini, iibhloko ezimbini zoluhlu olunye lwangaphandle lwebhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo, ngenkqubo yokuma kunye nenye into yokuncamathela yokuncamathela kunye nokunxibelelana kwemizobo ehambelanayo ngokweemfuno zoyilo zesekethe eprintiweyo Ibhodi iba yibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo emine, ekwabizwa ngokuba yibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo. Inani lemiqolo yebhodi ayithethi ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi ezizimeleyo zokubamba iintambo. Kwiimeko ezizodwa, izaleko ezingenanto zongezwa ukulawula ubukhulu bebhodi. Ngokwesiqhelo, inani leelayitshi lilingana kwaye kungaphandle kwamanqanaba amabini afakiwe. Uninzi lweebhodi zee-mama zakhiwe ngeendlela ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo, kodwa ngokusondeleyo kufutshane ne-100 yeebhloko zePCBS ezinokwenzeka. Uninzi lweekhompyuter ezinkulu zisebenzisa uninzi lweeebhodi zeebhodi zee-mama, kodwa ziye zasetyenziswa njengoko zinokuthi zithathelwe indawo ngamaqela eekhompyuter aqhelekileyo. Kuba iileya ezikwi-PCB zidityaniswe ngokuqinileyo, akusoloko kulula ukubona elona nani, kodwa ukuba ujonga kakhulu kwibhodi yomama, unako.

Indima yePCB

Izixhobo ze-elektroniki zisebenzisa ibhodi eprintiweyo, ngenxa yohlobo olufanayo lokuhambelana kwebhodi eprintiweyo, ukuthintela impazamo yokubamba ngesandla, kunye nezinto zombane zinokufakwa ngokuzenzekelayo okanye zifakelwe, ukuzenzekelayo, ukufumanisa ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wezixhobo zombane, ukuphucula imveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokugcinwa lula.

Iimpawu zePCB (izibonelelo)

Ii-PCB zikhule zithandwa ngenxa yezibonelelo zazo ezininzi ezizodwa, kubandakanya oku kulandelayo.

Unokuba luxinano oluphezulu. Kumashumi eminyaka, uxinano lwe-PCB luye lwavela njengoko iisekethe ezihlanganisiweyo ziye zaphucuka kwaye ukufakelwa kwetekhnoloji kuphuculwe.

Ukunyaniseka okuphezulu. Ngothotho lovavanyo, iimvavanyo, kunye neemvavanyo zokuguga, i-PCB inokuqinisekiswa ukuba isebenza ngokuthembekileyo ixesha elide (iminyaka engama-20).

Uyilo. Ukusebenza kwePCB (umbane, umzimba, imichiza, umatshini, njl.

Imveliso. Sebenzisa ulawulo lwale mihla, ungaqhubeka nokumisela umlinganiso, isikali (ubungakanani), ukuzenzekelayo, njalo njalo kwimveliso, kukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana komgangatho wemveliso.

Ukuvavanywa. Indlela yovavanyo epheleleyo ngokupheleleyo, imigangatho yovavanyo, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo, kunye nezixhobo sele zimiselwe ukuvavanya kunye nokuxabisa isiqinisekiso semveliso sePCB kunye nobomi benkonzo.

Umhlangano. Iimveliso ze-PCB aziququzeleli kuphela indibano esemgangathweni yamacandelo ahlukeneyo kodwa zinokuzenzekelayo, imveliso enkulu yesikali. Kwangelo xesha, i-PCB kunye namalungu eendibano ezahlukeneyo anokuhlanganiselwa kwiindawo ezinkulu, kude kube ngumatshini wonke.

Ukugcinwa. Kuba iimveliso zePCB kunye neendibano zamacandelo ahlukeneyo zibekwa emgangathweni kuyilo nakwimveliso yobuninzi, ezi zinto zikumgangatho ofanayo. Ke ngoko, xa inkqubo isilele, inokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza, ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ngokuguqukayo ukubuyisa inkqubo esebenza ngokukhawuleza. Ewe kuninzi okunokuthethwa. Njengenkqubo ye-miniaturization, engasindi, isantya sokuhambisa umqondiso, njl.