Idan kun ji kalmar “Halogen-free PCB”Kuma kuna son ƙarin koyo, kun zo wurin da ya dace. Muna raba labarin a bayan wannan allon da’irar da aka buga.

Find out the facts about halogens in PCBS, halogens in general and requirements for the term “halogen-free”. Mun kuma duba fa’idodin rashin halogen.

Menene PCB-halogen-free?

Don cika buƙatun PCB mara halogen, kwamiti dole ne ya ƙunshi fiye da adadin halogens a sassa da miliyan (PPM).

Halogens a cikin polychlorinated biphenyl

Halogens suna da amfani iri -iri dangane da PCBS.

Ana amfani da Chlorine azaman mai hana ƙonewa ko murfin kariya don wayoyin polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman sauran ƙarfi don haɓaka semiconductor ko tsaftace kwakwalwan kwamfuta.

Ana iya amfani da Bromine azaman mai hana wuta don kare abubuwan lantarki ko don barar da abubuwa.

Wane matakin da ake ɗauka ba shi da halogen?

Hukumar Makamashin Injiniya ta Duniya (IEC) ta kafa ma’auni a 1,500 PPM don jimlar abun halogen ta hanyar iyakance amfani da halogen. Iyakokin chlorine da bromine sune 900 PPM.

Iyakokin PPM iri ɗaya ne idan kun bi iyakar iyakar Abubuwa masu haɗari (RoHS).

Lura cewa akwai nau’ikan halogen daban -daban akan kasuwa. Tun da samar da halogen ba abin buƙata bane na doka, matakan halattattu waɗanda ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suka kafa, kamar masu ƙira, na iya bambanta.

Zane-zanen jirgi mara amfani da Halogen

A wannan lokacin, ya kamata mu lura cewa PCBS na ainihi-halogen yana da wahalar samu. Ana iya samun ƙananan halogens akan allon da’irar, kuma ana iya ɓoye waɗannan mahaɗan a wuraren da ba a zata ba.

Bari muyi cikakken bayani akan wasu misalai. Kwamitin da’irar kore ba shi da halogen sai dai idan an cire koren substrate daga fim ɗin mai siyarwa.

Ruwan Epoxy wanda ke taimakawa kare PCBS na iya ƙunsar sinadarin chlorine. Hakanan ana iya ɓoye halogens a cikin sinadaran kamar gels na gilashi, wakilai masu jikewa da warkarwa, da masu tallata resin.

Hakanan yakamata ku sani game da haɗarin da ke tattare da amfani da kayan da ba su da halogen. Misali, idan babu halogens, mai siyarwa zuwa rabo mai gudana zai iya shafar, wanda ke haifar da fashewa.

Ka tuna cewa ba lallai ne a shawo kan irin waɗannan matsalolin ba. Hanya mai sauƙi don gujewa karcewa shine amfani da tsayayyar solder (wanda kuma aka sani da tsayayyar solder) don ayyana gammaye.

Yana da mahimmanci yin haɗin gwiwa tare da sanannun masana’antun PCB don tabbatar da gaskiyar abun cikin halogen a cikin PCB. Duk da sanin su, ba kowane masana’anta a halin yanzu ke da ikon samar da waɗannan allon ba.

Koyaya, yanzu da kuka san inda halogens suke da abin da suke don, zaku iya tantance buƙatun. Kuna iya buƙatar yin aiki tare tare da masu ƙira don sanin hanya mafi kyau don guje wa halogens marasa amfani.

Kodayake samun PCB mara halogen 100% na iya zama ƙalubale, har yanzu kuna iya kera PCB zuwa matakin karɓaɓɓe daidai da ƙa’idodin IEC da RoHS.

Menene halogens?

Halogens ba su ne sunadarai ko abubuwa ba. Kalmar ta fassara daga Girkanci zuwa “wakilin yin gishiri” kuma tana nufin jerin abubuwan da ke da alaƙa a cikin teburin lokaci-lokaci.

Waɗannan sun haɗa da sinadarin chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine da A – wanda wasu za ku iya sani. Gaskiya mai daɗi: Haɗa tare da sodium da halogens don yin gishiri! Bugu da ƙari, kowane ɓangaren yana da sifofi na musamman waɗanda ke da amfani a gare mu.

Iodine maganin kashe kwari ne. Gurasar Fluoride irin su fluoride ana ƙara su a cikin ruwan ruwan jama’a don inganta lafiyar haƙora, kuma ana samun su a cikin man shafawa da firiji.

Yana da wuya, ba a fahimci yanayinsa sosai, kuma ana ci gaba da nazarin Tennessee Tinge.

Ana samun Chlorine da bromine a cikin komai daga masu lalata ruwa zuwa masu kashe kwari da, ba shakka, PCBS.

Me yasa ake ƙirƙirar PCBS mara halogen?

Kodayake halogens suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin PCB, suna da rashi wanda yake da wuyar watsi da shi: guba. Ee, waɗannan abubuwan sune masu hana ƙona wuta da aikin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, amma suna da tsada sosai.

Chlorine da bromine sune manyan masu laifi a nan. Bayyanawa ga ɗayan waɗannan sunadarai na iya haifar da alamun rashin jin daɗi, kamar tashin zuciya, tari, haushi fata da hangen nesa.

Karɓar PCBS mai ɗauke da halogens da wuya ya haifar da haɗarin haɗari. Duk da haka, idan PCB ta kama wuta kuma tana fitar da hayaƙi, zaku iya tsammanin waɗannan tasirin illa.

Idan sinadarin chlorine ya haɗu da hydrocarbons, yana haifar da dioxins, carcinogen mai kisa. Abin takaici, saboda iyakance albarkatun da ake samu don sake amfani da PCBS cikin aminci, wasu ƙasashe suna yin rashin zubar da kyau.

Sabili da haka, zubar da PCBS mara kyau tare da babban sinadarin chlorine yana da haɗari ga yanayin ƙasa. Kona waɗannan na’urori don kawar da su (wanda ke faruwa) na iya sakin dioxins cikin muhalli.

Fa’idodin amfani da PCBS marasa halogen

Yanzu da kuka san gaskiya, me yasa ake amfani da PCB mara halogen?

Babban fa’idar ita ce, ba su da ƙarancin guba don maye gurbin halogen cike. Bayar da fifikon lafiyar ku, masu fasahar ku, da mutanen da za su kula da allon sun isa yin la’akari da amfani da allo.

Bugu da ƙari, haɗarin muhalli ya yi ƙasa da na kayan aikin da ke ɗauke da irin waɗannan sunadarai masu haɗari. Musamman a wuraren da ba a samun mafi kyawun ayyukan sake amfani da PCB, ƙananan halogen yana tabbatar da zubar da aminci.

A cikin zamani na fasahar haɓaka, inda masu amfani ke ƙara sanin guba a cikin samfuran su, aikace-aikacen kusan babu iyaka-da kyau, ba tare da halogen ba don kayan lantarki a cikin motoci, wayoyin hannu da sauran na’urorin da muke hulɗa da su.

Amma rage yawan guba ba shine fa’idar kawai ba: suma suna da fa’idar aiki. Waɗannan PCBS galibi suna iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi, yana mai da su madaidaiciya don da’irar da ba ta da gubar. Tunda gubar wani fili ne wanda yawancin masana’antu ke ƙoƙarin gujewa, zaku iya kashe tsuntsaye biyu da dutse.

Rufin PCB mara halogen na iya zama mai tsada kuma mai tasiri ga kayan lantarki da ake iya yarwa. A ƙarshe, saboda waɗannan allon suna watsa ƙarancin ƙarancin wutar lantarki, yana da sauƙin kiyaye amincin sigina.

Dukkanmu yakamata muyi ƙoƙarin wayar da kan jama’a don iyakance haɗarin da za a iya gujewa a cikin kayan aiki masu mahimmanci kamar PCBS. Kodayake PCBS ba tare da halogen ba har yanzu doka ta tsara shi, ana ƙoƙarin yin aiki a madadin ƙungiyoyin da abin ya shafa don kawar da amfani da waɗannan mahadi masu cutarwa.