Ho an’ny fikarohana sy ny fampandrosoana ny famatsiana herinaratra, Volavola PCB occupies a very important position. A bad PCB has poor EMC performance, high output noise, weak anti-interference ability, and even basic functions are defective.

Somary tsy mitovy amin’ny PCBS fitaovana hafa, PCBS manova herinaratra dia manana ny mampiavaka azy manokana. Ity lahatsoratra ity dia hiresaka fohifohy momba ny sasany amin’ireo fitsipika fototra indrindra amin’ny tariby PCB amin’ny famindrana herinaratra mifototra amin’ny traikefa amin’ny injeniera.

1, spacing

Ny elanelan’ny tsipika dia tokony hodinihina amin’ny vokatra avo lenta. Ny elanelam-potoana izay afaka mahafeno ny fepetra takian’ny lalàna mifehy ny fiarovana dia mazava ho azy fa ny tsara indrindra, fa imbetsaka kosa ho an’ny vokatra izay tsy mila fanamarinana, na tsy afaka mahafeno ny fanamarinana, ny elanelam-panahy dia faritan’ny traikefa. Inona ny sakan’ny elanelam-potoana mety? Tokony handinika ny famokarana raha manome toky ny fahadiovan’ny faritra, ny hamandoana amin’ny tontolo iainana, ny fandotoana hafa miandry ny toe-javatra ahoana.

For the mains input, even if the board surface can be guaranteed clean and sealed, MOS tube drain source electrode close to 600V, less than 1mm is actually more dangerous!

2. Ireo singa eo amin’ny sisin’ny solaitrabe

For the patch capacitance or other easily damaged devices at the edge of PCB, the PCB splitter direction must be taken into consideration when placing. The figure shows the comparison of the stress on the devices under various placement methods.

FIG. 1 Comparison of stress on the device when the plate is split

Azo jerena fa ny fitaovana dia tokony ho lavitra sy mifanitsy amin’ny sisin’ny fisarahana, raha tsy izany dia mety ho simba ilay singa noho ny fanaparitahana PCB.

3. Loop area

Whether input or output, power loop or signal loop, should be as small as possible. Ny tadin’ny herinaratra dia mamoaka saha elektromagnetika, izay hitarika toetra maharatsy EMI na tabataba famoahana lehibe; At the same time, if received by the control ring, it is likely to cause an exception.

Etsy ankilany, raha lehibe kokoa ny faritry ny herinaratra, dia hitombo ihany koa ny tsy fitovizan’ny parasy, izay mety hampitombo ny tampon’ny tabataba.

4. Tariby fanalahidy

Noho ny vokatry ny DI / DT, ny inductance amin’ny node dinamika dia tsy maintsy ahena, raha tsy izany dia hiteraka electromagnetic saha matanjaka. Raha te hampihena ny inductance ianao, amin’ny ankapobeny dia te hampihena ny halavan’ny tariby, kely ny hetsika fampitomboana ny sakany.

5. Telegrama famantarana

Ho an’ny faritra fanaraha-maso iray manontolo, ny fifantohana dia tokony homena ny tariby lavitra ny faritra misy ny herinaratra. Raha mifanakaiky ny roa noho ny fameperana hafa, ny tsipika fanaraha-maso sy ny tsipika herinaratra dia tsy tokony hitovy, raha tsy izany dia mety hiteraka fiasa tsy ara-dalàna amin’ny famatsiana herinaratra, fahatairana.

In addition, if the control line is very long, a pair of back and forth lines should be close to each other, or the two lines should be placed on the two sides of the PCB facing each other, so as to reduce the loop area and avoid interference by the electromagnetic field of the power part. AVIAVY. 2 dia mampiseho ny fomba fitarihana tsipika famantarana marina sy diso eo anelanelan’ny A sy B.

Sary 2 Fomba fanodinana tariby famantarana tsy mety sy diso.

Mazava ho azy, ny tsipika famantarana dia tokony hampihena ny fifandraisana amin’ny alàlan’ny lavaka!

6, copper

Indraindray ny fametrahana varahina dia tsy ilaina mihitsy ary tokony hialana mihitsy aza. If the copper was large enough and its voltage varied, it might act as an antenna, radiating electromagnetic waves around it. Etsy ankilany, mora ny mitabataba.

Generally, copper laying is only allowed on static nodes, such as the “ground” node at the output end, which can effectively increase the output capacitance and filter out some noise signals.

7, sarintany,

For a circuit, copper can be laid on one side of the PCB, which automatically maps to the wiring on the other side of the PCB to minimize the impedance of the circuit. Izany dia toy ny hoe misy andiana sakana izay misy soatoavina impedance samy hafa mifamatotra amin’ny mifanila, ary ny ankehitriny dia hisafidy ho azy ny lalana miaraka amin’ny impedance ambany indrindra hikoriana.

Azonao atao ny manisy tariby ny ampahany mifehy ny fizaran-tany amin’ny lafiny iray, ary mametraha varahina amin’ny vodin-tany “ground” amin’ny lafiny iray hafa, ary mampifandray ny roa tonta amin’ny lavaka iray.

8. Diode mpanitsy famoahana

Raha ny diode mpanitsy output dia eo akaikin’ny vokatra, dia tsy tokony hapetraka mifanila amin’ny vokatra. Raha tsy izany, ny saha elektromagnetika ateraky ny diode dia hiditra ao amin’ny tadivavarana noforonin’ny herin’ny herinaratra sy ny enta-mavesatra ivelany, ka hitombo ny tabataba vokarina.

AVIAVY. 3 Fametrahana diode tsara sy diso

9, tariby vita amin’ny tany,

Ny tariby tariby amin’ny tany dia tokony hitandrina tsara. Raha tsy izany dia mety hiharatsy ny EMS, EMI ary ny fampisehoana hafa. Ho an’ny switching power supply PCB “ground”, farafaharatsiny ireto teboka roa manaraka ireto: (1) ground ground sy signal ground, dia tokony hisy fifandraisana tokana; (2) Tsy tokony hisy loop-tany.

10. Y capacitance

Ny fidirana sy ny fivoahana dia mifamatotra matetika amin’ny Y capacitor, indraindray noho ny antony sasany, mety tsy ho afaka mihantona eo amin’ny tany misy ny capacitor izy, tadidio amin’izao fotoana izao, dia tsy maintsy ampifandraisina amin’ny node static, toy ny terminal misy herinaratra avo.

11, hafa

Rehefa mamolavola ny PCB amin’ny famatsiana herinaratra tena izy dia mety misy olana hafa tokony hodinihina, toy ny “ny varistor dia tokony ho akaikin’ny faritra voaaro”, “fampidirana fomba mahazatra hampitombo ny nify mivoaka”, “ny famatsiana herinaratra VCC dia tokony ampitomboy ny capacitor ”sns. Ankoatr’izay, ny filàna fitsaboana manokana, toy ny varahina varahina, ampinga sns … dia tokony hojerena ihany koa amin’ny dingana famolavolana PCB.

Indraindray matetika dia mifanehitra amina fitsipika maromaro mifanipaka, mba hihaona amin’ny iray amin’izy ireo dia tsy afaka hihaona amin’ny iray hafa, izany no ilain’ny injeniera hampihatra traikefa efa misy, arakaraka ny filan’ny tetikasa tena ilaina, mamaritra ny tariby mety indrindra!