Naqshadaynta PCB

In kasta oo naqshadaynta korontada beddela, naqshadda jireed ee Guddiga PCB waa linkigii ugu dambeeyay. Haddii habka naqshadeynta uu yahay mid aan habboonayn, PCB -ga ayaa laga yaabaa inuu soo daayo faragelin elektromagnetic aad u badan, taasoo keenta shaqada aan degganeyn ee korontada. Kuwa soo socda ayaa ah falanqaynta arrimaha loo baahan yahay in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho tallaabo kasta.

Laga soo bilaabo jaantuska sawirka ilaa geedi socodka naqshadeynta PCB

Set up component parameters – > Input principle netlist – > Dejinta halbeegga naqshadeynta -> Habka gacanta -> Fiilada gacanta -> Naqshadeynta ansax -> Dib u eegis – & GT; Wax soo saarka CAM.

Halbeegyada Halbeegga

Masaafada u dhexeysa fiilooyinka ku dhow waa inay buuxisaa shuruudaha badbaadada korontada, si loogu sahlo hawlgalka iyo wax soo saarka, kala fogaanshuhu waa inuu ahaadaa mid ballaadhan intii suurtogal ah. The minimum spacing should be suitable for the voltage at least. When the wiring density is low, the spacing of signal lines can be appropriately increased. For the signal lines with high and low level disparity, the spacing should be as short as possible and the spacing should be increased.

Masaafada u dhexaysa daloolka daloolka hoose ee suufka iyo cidhifka looxa daabacan waa inay ka weyn tahay 1mm si looga fogaado cilladaha suufka marka la farsameynayo. Marka siligga ku xiran suufka uu aad u khafiif yahay, xiriirka ka dhexeeya suufka iyo siligga waxaa loogu talagalay qaab dhibic ah. Faa’iidada ayaa ah in suufku uusan ahayn mid sahlan in la diiriyo, laakiin siligga iyo suufka ma fududa in laga gooyo.

Component layout

Practice has proved that even if the circuit schematic design is correct and the printed circuit board design is improper, the reliability of electronic equipment will be adversely affected.

For example, if two thin parallel lines of a printed board are close together, there will be a delay in the signal waveform, resulting in reflected noise at the end of the transmission line. Faragelinta ay sababtay korontada iyo siligga dhulka dhigayaa waxay hoos u dhigaysaa waxqabadka sheyga. Sidaa darteed, marka la naqshadeynayo guddiga wareegga ee daabacan, fiiro gaar ah waa in la siiyaa habka saxda ah.

Awood kasta oo beddesha waxay leedahay afar siddo oo hadda ah:

① Ac circuit of power switch

Rect Soo -saaraha wax -soo -saarka wareegga AC

Soo -gelinta isha isha loop hadda

Soo -dejinta soo -dejinta loop -ka hadda jira

Ku -dallacsiinta korantada soo -gelinta oo leh ku -dhawaad ​​qiyaasta dc, capacitor filter -ka ayaa inta badan door ka qaata kaydinta tamarta ballaarinta. Sidoo kale, capacitors filter filter -ka ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu kaydiyo tamar soo noqnoqda sare oo ka timaadda wax -soo -saarka iyada oo meesha laga saarayo tamarta dc ee loop culeyska soo -saarka.

Sidaa darteed, boosteejooyinka fiilooyinka ee soo -gelinta iyo soo -saareyaasha fiilooyinka wax -soo -saarka ayaa aad muhiim u ah. Loopyada soo -gelinta iyo soo -saarka hadda waa in lagu xiraa korontada oo kaliya laga soo bilaabo marinnada fiilooyinka ee kaydiinka shaandhaynta siday u kala horreeyaan. Haddii xiriirka ka dhexeeya wareegga soo -gelinta/soo -saarka iyo wareegga korantada/wareegga toosiyaha aan si toos ah loogu xiri karin terminaalka capacitor -ka, tamarta ac ayaa ka gudubta soo -gelinta ama soo -saare shaandhaynta wax -soo -saarka waxayna ku dhalaalaysaa deegaanka.

Wareegyada ac ee badalka korontada iyo hagaajiyaha waxaa ku jira hirarka trapezoidal-baaxad aad u sarreeya, kuwaas oo leh qayb iswaafajin sare leh iyo soo noqnoqosho aad uga sarreeya inta jeer ee aasaasiga ah ee biraha. Baaxadda ugu sarreysa waxay noqon kartaa ilaa 5 jeer oo ka mid ah soo -gelinta/soo -saarka dc ee joogtada ah. Waqtiga kala -guurka badiyaa waa qiyaastii 50ns.

Labada wareegga waxay u badan tahay inay soo saaraan faragelinta elektromagnetic, sidaa darteed waa inay taayirrada kale ee daabacan ee isha korontada maro ka hor wareegyada ac, mid kasta loop saddex qaybood oo muhiim ah oo ka mid ah korantada shaandhaynta, biraha korantada ama hagaajiyaha, inductor ama transformer waa in la ag dhigaa midba midka kale, hagaaji dariiqa hadda jira ee u dhexeeya jagada curiyaha ka dhig sida ugu macquulsan.

Habka ugu wanaagsan ee loo dejin karo khariidadda korontada beddelka waxay la mid tahay naqshaddeeda korantada, habka naqshadeynta ugu fiican waa sida soo socota:

Transform Goob -beddele

② Naqshadee loop -ku -beddelidda loop -ka hadda jira

Naqshadee soo -saaraha wax -hagaajinta loop -ka hadda jira

Circuit Wareegga koontaroolka ee ku xiran wareegga korontada AC

xiritaanka

Awoodda beddelka korontada waxaa ku jira calaamad soo noqnoqosho sare leh, oo khad kasta oo daabacan oo ku yaal PCB wuxuu u shaqayn karaa sida anteeno. Dhererka iyo baaxadda xariiqda daabacan waxay saamayn doontaa is -hortaaggeeda iyo falcelinta kicinta, taas oo saamaynaysa jawaabta soo noqnoqoshada. Xataa khadadka la daabacay ee ka gudbaya signalada dc waxaa lagu dari karaa calaamadaha rf ee khadadka daabacan ee ku dhow waxayna sababi karaan dhibaatooyin wareegga (ama xitaa dib u iftiimin doona calaamadaha faragelinta).

Dhammaan khadadka daabacan ee maraya ac ac hadda waa in loo qaabeeyaa inay noqdaan kuwo gaaban oo ballaadhan intii suurtogal ah, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in dhammaan qaybaha ku xiran khadadka la daabacay iyo khadadka kale ee korontada waa in meel dhow la dhigaa.

Dhererka xariiqda la daabacay ayaa si toos ah ugu dhigmaysa kicitaankeeda iyo is -hortaaggiisa, ballaadhkeeduna wuxuu si aan kala sooc lahayn ula jaanqaadi karaa soo -dhoweynta iyo is -hortaagga xariiqda daabacan. Dhererku wuxuu ka tarjumayaa dhererka mawjadda jawaabta xariiqda daabacan. Marka dhererku dheeraado, hoos u dhaca soo noqnoqodka xariiqda daabacan ayaa diri karta oo heli karta hirarka electromagnetic, iyo inta rf tamarta ka badan ay iftiimin karto.

Marka loo eego xajmiga guddiga wareegga ee daabacan hadda, intii suurtogal ah si loo kordhiyo ballaca khadka korontada, yaree iska caabbinta loop -ka. Isla mar ahaantaana, ka dhig khadka korontada, xariiqa dhulka iyo jihada hadda socota, taas oo gacan ka geysanaysa kor u qaadista awoodda ka-hortagga buuqa.

Dhul -dhigiddu waa laanta hoose ee afar wareeg oo hadda ah beddelidda korontada, taas oo kaalin aad u muhiim ah u ah barta tixraaca guud ee wareegga, waana hab muhiim ah oo lagu xakameeyo faragelinta. Sidaa darteed, si taxaddar leh u fiirso fiilooyinka dhulka ku jira ee qaabeynta. Isku qasidda fiilooyinka dhulka hoostiisa ah waxay sababi kartaa koronto aan degganeyn.

hubiso

Naqshadaynta fiilooyinka waa la dhammaystiray, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si taxaddar leh loo hubiyo naqshadda xarigga ee naqshadeeyayaashu waa inay waafaqsan yihiin xeerarka, xeerarka isla mar ahaantaana waxay u baahan yihiin inay xaqiijiyaan in la waafajinayo dalabka hannaanka wax soo saarka PCB, khadka kormeerka guud ee xarriiqda, suufka isku xidhka iyo curiyaha, khadadka iyo daloolada isgaadhsiinta, suufka isku xidhka walxaha iyo daloolada isgaadhsiinta, daloolka iyo masaafada u dhexaysa daloolka waa macquul, haddii la buuxinayo shuruudaha wax soo saarka.

Haddii ballaca xadhigga korontada iyo siligga dhulka ku habboon yahay, iyo haddii ay jirto meel loogu talagalay in siligga dhulka lagu ballaariyo PCB -ga. Fiiro gaar ah: Khaladaadka qaarkood waa la iska indho tiri karaa, tusaale ahaan, qayb ka mid ah Qaab -dhismeedka qaar ka mid ah isku -xirayaasha ayaa la dhigayaa meel ka baxsan looxyada guddiga, marka waa khalad in la hubiyo kala -dheereynta; Intaa waxaa dheer, ka dib wax-ka-beddel kasta ee xargaha iyo daloolka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in mar labaad la marsado naxaas.

Dib u eeg si waafaqsan “liiska hubinta PCB”, oo ay ku jiraan xeerarka naqshadeynta, qeexidda lakabka, ballaarinta xariiqda, kala-dheereynta, suufka, Goobaha daloolka, laakiin sidoo kale xoogga saar dib-u-eegista caqli-galnimada qaab-dhismeedka aaladda, korontada, xarigga shabakadda dhulka, saacad xawaare sare leh fiilooyinka shabakadda iyo gaashaan -dhigga, kala -gooynta meeleynta korantada iyo isku -xirka.

Soo saarista naqshadeynta

Xusuus -qoryada faylasha sawir -qaadidda iftiinka soo -saarka:

(1) Waxaa loo baahan yahay in la soo saaro lakabka kaararka lakabka (hoosta), lakabka daabacaadda shaashadda (oo ay ku jiraan daabacaadda shaashadda sare, daabacaadda shaashadda hoose), lakabka alxanka (alxanka hoose), lakabka qodista (hoose), marka lagu daro abuurista faylka qodista (NC Drill)

② Markaad dejineyso Lakabka Daabacaadda shaashadda, ha dooran Nooca Qeybta, dooro Mawduuca, Qoraalka iyo Khadka kore (hoose) iyo Lakaab daabacaadda shaashadda

③ Markaad dejinayso Lakabka Lakab kasta, dooro Shaxda Guddiga. Markaad dejinayso Lakabka Lakabka daabacaadda shaashadda, ha dooran Nooca Qaybta, oo dooro Mawduuca iyo Qoraalka sare (hoosta) iyo Lakabka daabacaadda shaashadda.